U.S. History: Gilded Age, Industrialization Part 3
This flashcard set covers key people, events, ideas, and legislation from U.S. history between the mid-1800s and early 1900s. Topics include westward expansion (Manifest Destiny), industrial growth (Carnegie, Rockefeller, Edison), the Gilded Age (political machines, monopolies), major reforms (Populism, Pendleton Act), immigration patterns, and the rise of U.S. imperialism (Spanish-American War).
founded the Tuskeegee Institute an all black farming college. He believed that African-Americans would gain economic equality before they would gain social equality. He was the first African-American to dine at the White House (Invited by Teddy Roosevelt)
African-American leader Booker T. Washington
Key Terms
founded the Tuskeegee Institute an all black farming college. He believed that African-Americans would gain economic equality before they would gain social equality. He was the first African-American to dine at the White House (Invited by Teddy Roosevelt)
African-American leader Booker T. Washington
founded the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) believed that African-Americans should fight for equality and demand respect.
W.E.B. DuBois
African-American who founded the "Back to Africa" movement.
Marcus Garvey
known as the "Father of the Blues," this Memphis musician influenced many African-Americans to pursue a career in music.
W.C. Handy
(Harlem Renaissance) African-American author who wrote Not Without Laughter and The Weary Blues.
Langston Hughes
a combination of large companies form an alliance to squeeze out competition. The companies used money to influence members of the US Senate. This led to the passage of the 16th Amendment (Direct election of Senators)
Trusts
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
founded the Tuskeegee Institute an all black farming college. He believed that African-Americans would gain economic equality before they would gain social equality. He was the first African-American to dine at the White House (Invited by Teddy Roosevelt) | African-American leader Booker T. Washington |
founded the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) believed that African-Americans should fight for equality and demand respect. | W.E.B. DuBois |
African-American who founded the "Back to Africa" movement. | Marcus Garvey |
known as the "Father of the Blues," this Memphis musician influenced many African-Americans to pursue a career in music. | W.C. Handy |
(Harlem Renaissance) African-American author who wrote Not Without Laughter and The Weary Blues. | Langston Hughes |
a combination of large companies form an alliance to squeeze out competition. The companies used money to influence members of the US Senate. This led to the passage of the 16th Amendment (Direct election of Senators) | Trusts |
new laws established a new form of government within Indian reservations. Individual tribes were now able to govern themselves. Native Americans could leave the reservation and still retain identity. | Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 |
(Southeast Asia Treaty Organization) formed in 1954. Provided to less fortunate countries in the area and promised military support if needed. An effort to stop Communism from spreading in Southeast Asia. | SEATO |
Saddam Hussein (Iraq) invaded the oil rich country of Kuwait. President Bush (41) organized a US led coalition to drive Iraq out of Kuwait by military force. Started January 16, 1991. | Operation Desert Storm |
President with one of the most impressive resumes in American history, (8 yrs. VP, Director of the CIA, RNC Chair, WW II Navy pilot, etc, etc..). Elected President in 1988 - defeated Michael Dukakis. Saw victory in Desert Shield / Storm, and the end of the Cold War. Had the resume, but didn't have the charisma. Lost the Presidency to Bill Clinton in 1992 election. The 92 election pitted him against Clinton (D) and Perot (I). Clinton benefited from the 3 way race winning the Presidency with only 43% of the vote. | George H. W. Bush |
won the Presidential election in both 1992 and 1996 but did not reach the 50% mark in either election. Ross Perot helped him win in 1992 by taking votes from George H. W. Bush. In 1996 he won in yet another 3 way race against Perot (I) and Dole (R). Benefited from a period of great economic growth. His time in office was rocked by 2 scandals - Whitewater and Monica Lewinsky. Became the 2nd President to be impeached. | Bill Clinton |
elected President in one of the closest elections in history (2000). He defeated Al Gore (D) in the Electoral College, but lost the popular vote. The state of Florida played a critical role in deciding the outcome. The Supreme Court decision in Bush v. Gore brought the 36 day fight for Florida's 25 Electoral votes to an end. He won the Electoral College 271 to 266. | George W. Bush |
this day saw the loss of more than 3,000 American lives, the destruction of the World Trade Center, and damage to the Pentagon. The heroic action of passengers aboard flight 93 saved the US Capitol possible destruction. | 11-Sep-01 |
Terrorist group responsible for the horrific events of September 11, 2001 - led by Osama Bin Laden. | Al Qaeda |
name of the military operation in Iraq. Saddam Hussein was overthrown, yet the weapons of mass destruction were never found. | Operation Iraqi Freedom |
this country has been a safe haven for terrorists like Bin Laden. The Taliban government sponsored terrorist training camps and suppressed the people of this country. In response to September 11, 2001, President Bush (43) ordered the invasion of this country. | Afghanistan |
1st African-American to be elected President, he defeated Sen. John McCain in 2008. "Yes We Can." "Change We Can Believe In." Pledged to have the most transparent administration in American history and to reform health care. | Barack Obama |
Court case that established "separate but equal" laws | Plessy v Ferguson |
"Separate but Equal"/unfair laws | Jim Crow laws |
Great US president who established national parks and conservation | Theodore Roosevelt |
Banned all Chinese immigrants | Chinese Exclusion Act |
18th Amendment | Outlawed alcohol (prohibition) |
19th Amendment | Gave women the right to vote (suffrage) |
Inventor of Model T automobile and mass production/assembly line | Henry Ford |
Causes of_________ were overproduction, Underconsumption, stock market speculation | Great Depression |
Caused by over farming in 1930s | Dust Bowl |
December 7, 1941; Japanese attack on America; reason for US entry into WWII | Pearl Harbor |
Where Japanese Americans were placed after Pearl Harbor attack | Internment camps |
US policy to lend weapons to Allied nations during WWII | Lend-Lease Program |
Reasons US entered WWI | German unrestricted sub warfare; Zimmerman note |
America's greatest inventor-light bulb, phonograph, motion picture | Thomas Edison |
Location of immigrant inspection in N.Y. | Ellis Island |
Flowering of Africa American art/achievement (Langston Hughes, Louis Armstrong, etc) | Harlem Renaissance |
Makeshift shacks where those suffering from the depression lived | Hoovervilles |
process by which minority group gradually adopts the culture of the majority group | Assimilation |
the policy of extending a nation's power by gaining territories fro a colonial empire | Imperialism |
a policy in which a nation avoids entanglements in foreign wars | Isolationism |
A ritual the Sioux performed to bring back the buffalo and return the Native American tribes to their land. | Ghost Dance |
1862 - Provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it. Encouraged westward migration. | Homestead Act |
a late 19th century political movement demanding that people have a greater voice in government and seeking to advance the interests of farmers and laborers | Populism |
the use of both gold and silver as a basis for a national monetary system | bimetallism |
First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting. Intended to prevent the creation of monopolies by making it illegal to establish trusts that interfered with free trade, However, it was initially misused against labor unions | Sherman Anti-Trust Act |
a 1913 law passed by Wilson that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply | Federal Reserve Act |
(1855-1926) Leader of the American Railway Union and supporter of the Pullman strike; he was the Socialist Party candidate for president five times. | Eugene V. Debs |
an 1894 railway workers' strike for higher wages that was broken by federal troops, in which President Grover Cleveland issued an injunction. weakened the labor movement | Pullman Strike |
(1) protect social welfare (2) create economic reform (3) promote moral improvement (4) fostering efficiency | Progressivism |
a bill originated by the people rather than lawmakers | initiative |
process by which people vote directly on a bill | referendum |
Desire for military strength. Desires for raw materials/new markets. The U.S needed to expand it's market due to a surplus of goods. Belief in cultural superiority. | Imperialism |
Nickname for the new Progressive Party, which was formed to support Roosevelt in the election of 1912, The party wanted tariff reduction, women's suffrage, higher corporate regulation and a child labor ban, a federal compensation for workers, and several other platforms. | Bull Moose Party |
African American who believed Blacks should fight segregation; pushed for higher education opportunities for Blacks to achieve economic independence; helped to found the NAACP | W.E.B. Du Bois |
Halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling | Pure Food and Drug Act |
gave congress the power to tax people's incomes | Sixteenth Amendment |
Progressive measure that required U.S. senators to be elected directly by the people rather than by state legislatures | Seventeenth Amendment |
prohibition- Banned the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol | Eighteenth Amendment |
granted women the right to vote in 1920, women's suffrage | Nineteenth Amendment |
founded in 1909 to work for racial equality, led by W.E.B. Debois | NAACP |
The right to vote | suffrage |
What major change ocurred as a result of the Depression? | People depended on the govt. |
What was the consequence of bankers making risky investments with depositor's savings? | They had no money to give to people when they wanted to withdraw money. |
What was the main factor in over speculation and the crash of the stock market in 1929? | Buying stocks on margin (credit) |
What was the outcome of the Scopes Trial? | Proven guilty and was fined $100, it is still illegal to teach evolution in schools |
What happened during the Sacco and Vanzetti trail and why did they did not receive a fair trial? | They were blamed for robbing a shop, and they were immigrants. |
What was the major incident that basically turned Americans from feeling neutral about WW1 and joining the allies? | The sinking of the Lusitania |
What company did the muckraker Ida Tarbell use her skills as a writer and researcher to try and expose as being ruthless? | Standard Oil Trust/Company |
What did the sixteenth amendment change in American Society? | gave congress the right to levy income tax. You could get more money from the wealthy. |
How did westward expansion affect Native Americans? | Railroad tracks took over their land and killed the buffalo supply |
Massacre of Sioux Indians by US soldiers | Battle of Wounded Knee |