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US History Gilded Age - Quiz 1

History16 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This flashcard set explores the Gilded Age in U.S. history, including the origin of the term coined by Mark Twain to describe a period that appeared prosperous and glittering on the surface but was marked by underlying corruption and social problems.

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where did the term “gilded” come from and what does it mean?

  • Mark Twain coined the term

  • it means “glittering on the surface but rotten underneath”

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Term
Definition

where did the term “gilded” come from and what does it mean?

  • Mark Twain coined the term

  • it means “glittering on the surface but rotten underneath”

six characteristics of the Gilded Age

1. greed, scandal, and corruption 2. moved from a rural to an urban society 3. USA emerges to a World Power 4. unprecedented economic growth 5. mas...

how many immigrants came between 1865-1915 and why?

  • 25 million

  • to escape religious + political persecution, escape poverty, and to start a new life!

America was known as what to the immigrants?

  • “streets paved with gold”

  • and “rags to riches”

main type of transportation to get to America

  • steamboats (most went steerage class (3rd) - $30)

where did most immigrants land in the US?

Ellis Island NYC and San Fransisco

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US History Gilded Age - Quiz 1
TermDefinition

where did the term “gilded” come from and what does it mean?

  • Mark Twain coined the term

  • it means “glittering on the surface but rotten underneath”

six characteristics of the Gilded Age

1. greed, scandal, and corruption 2. moved from a rural to an urban society 3. USA emerges to a World Power 4. unprecedented economic growth 5. mass immigration 6. unequal distribution of wealth (haves and have-nots) less than 1% of the population had 50% of the wealth

how many immigrants came between 1865-1915 and why?

  • 25 million

  • to escape religious + political persecution, escape poverty, and to start a new life!

America was known as what to the immigrants?

  • “streets paved with gold”

  • and “rags to riches”

main type of transportation to get to America

  • steamboats (most went steerage class (3rd) - $30)

where did most immigrants land in the US?

Ellis Island NYC and San Fransisco

Statue of Liberty

  • “Golden Door” - poem on the base written by Emma Lazarus

  • opportunity and freedom!

steps of processing through Ellis Island

1. Medical Inspection 2. Legal Inspection (passport papers) only 2% were deported back

where did the immigrants settle in America?

  • 1/4 settled in NYC

  • formed communities known as “ethnic islands” = same language and culture

multicultural theories

  1. 1. Melting Pot Theory - immigrant groups were expected to “melt together”, abandoning their cultures and fully assimilating in American society

  2. 2. Mixed Salad Theory - metaphor for the way a multi-cultural society can integrate different cultures while maintaining separate identities

why did children assimilate faster than adults?

  • public school (learned American history and language)

  • they wanted to fit in

“Old Immigrants”

  • most from Northern/Western Europe (British and German)

  • before the Gilded Age

  • WASPS - White Anglo Saxon Protestants

“New Immigrants”

  • most from Southern/Eastern Europe (Italian, Slavic, Asian, Jewish, and Irish*)

  • were not welcomed at first

    1. 1. job competition - worked for lower wages

    2. 2. religious differences (Catholic, Jewish)

    3. 3. cultural differences - didn’t fit in
      overall, they “threatened the American way of life”

Anti-Immigrant organizations

  • Immigration Restriction League - led to Nativism and the American Party (The Know-Nothings who were designed to restrict and stop immigration)

  • NINA - No Irish Need Apply

  • Chinese Exclusion Act (stopped im. for 30 yrs)

  • Gentleman’s Agreement (1908) - limited # of Japanese immigrants

  • Immigration Act of 1917 - required them to be able to read and write English before entering

Immigrant contributions to America

  1. 1. provided workers for the industrialization of America

  2. 2. enriched US with unique cultures, customs, language and literature

  3. 3. creative Entreprenurial talents (business)

urban city problems

1. Housing - working-class = crowded tenements while the rich had huge mansions 2. transportation - mass transit (streetcars and subways) 3. Water - from unsanitary rivers and lakes 4. Sanitation - Tuberculosis, Cholera, Typhoid all very common (1st sani. dept. in 1900) 5. Crime - pickpockets and thieves (1st police dept. in NYC) 6. Fire - everything was wooden and stacked close, limited water, candles and kerosene lamps (1st fire dept. in Cincinnati, OH) 7. Factory Working Conditions - 12 hr days, low pay (50 cents to $1 a day), dangerous conditions and child labor