BS161 Biology Final Exam With Answers (81 Solved Questions)

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BS161 Biology Final Exam With Answers (81 Solved Questions) - Page 1 preview image

VERSION 3In messenger RNA, the protein-coding sequence is present in:Question options:exons.introns.exons and the poly(A) sequence.introns and the poly(A) sequence. - exons.Which process produces multiple proteins from the same primary transcript in the samecell?Question options:chromatin remodelinghistone modificationalternative splicingcombinatorial control - alternative splicingAlternative splicing allows for:Question options:two or more different proteins to be made from a single processed mRNA.different polypeptides to be made from a single gene.multiple genes to be used to code for a single polypeptide chain.enhanced recognition of an mRNA by a ribosome.increased stability of a mature mRNA. - different polypeptides to be made from a singlegene.

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RNA splicing provides an opportunity for regulating gene expression because:Question options:the same exons may be spliced together in different sequences to produce differentproteins from the same primary transcript.methylation of the poly(A) tail controls how rapidly the primary transcript can be broken upand spliced back together again.the same introns may be spliced together in different sequences to produce differentproteins from the same primary transcript.methylation of spliceosomes controls how rapidly primary transcripts are processed andsent to the cytoplasm. - the same exons may be spliced together in different sequences toproduce different proteins from the same primary transcript.In both prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression,Question options:Introns are removed from genes before translationRNA must be transported out of the nucleus for translationOne type of RNA corresponds to only one type of proteinTranscription requires RNA polymerase binding to promoter regions - Transcriptionrequires RNA polymerase binding to promoter regionsIn prokaryotes: (Select all correct answers.)Question options:translation of an mRNA cannot begin until transcription is completed.the primary RNA transcript needs a "cap" at the 5' end for the initiation of translation.the translation of mRNA can begin even before transcription is completed.the DNA is packaged into nucleoid. - the translation of mRNA can begin even beforetranscription is completed.the DNA is packaged into nucleoid.In prokaryotes, the AUG codon that starts translation is:Question options:the AUG nearest the 5' cap on the mRNA.adjacent to the 5' cap on the mRNA.

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at the 5' end of the mRNA.adjacent to a Shine-Dalgarno sequence. - adjacent to a Shine-Dalgarno sequence.What occurs in positive transcriptional regulation to result in transcription? (Hint: Is there adifference between a promoter and the activator binding site? See text book and notes if youare not sure.)Question options:The activator protein binds to the activator binding siteThe repressor protein binds to the activator binding siteThe repressor protein binds to the promoter regionThe activator protein binds to the promoter region - The activator protein binds to theactivator binding siteWhen a group of functionally related genes located next to one another along the bacterialDNA is transcribed as a single molecule of mRNA, that mRNA is said to be:Question options:polyproteinacious.polycistronic.polymeric.polynomial.polytranslational. - polycistronic.In an operon, different genes have _____ start codon and _____ stop codon.Question options:the same; the samethe same; their owntheir own; their owntheir own; the same - their own; their ownAn operon is a: (Hint: The term 'structural gene' means a gene that encodes a protein. It isdiscussed in the textbook.)Question options:region of DNA, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, that controls gene expression.

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region of DNA consisting of the promoter, the operator, and coding sequences for structuralproteins.constitutively expressed gene encoding a repressor protein, such as lacI.region of DNA that consists of the promoter and operator sequences, but excludes thestructural genes which are regulated by these sequences.single molecule of RNA encoding more than one protein in prokaryotes. - region of DNAconsisting of the promoter, the operator, and coding sequences for structural proteins.A region of prokaryotic DNA consisting of an operator, promoter, and coding sequence forseveral functionally related genes is called a(n):Question options:opera.closed reading frame.organized genomic region.operation.operon. - operon.A specific sequence of DNA that a prokaryotic repressor can bind to is called an:Question options:Poly(A) tailOperatorPromoterTATA box - OperatorThe binding of a regulatory molecule to an operon blocks the transcription process. Which ofthe following statements is correct?Question options:This molecule functions as a repressorThis molecule functions as an activatorThis molecule binds to the promoter regionThis is an example of positive regulation - This molecule functions as a repressorQuestion 16, 5 in class 26 - look at d2l

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Which of the following are constitutively (always) expressed in prokaryotic cells which havethe lac operon?Question options:the gene for RNA polymerasethe gene for the beta-galactosidase enzymethe gene for the lactose transporterthe lacI gene, which encodes the repressor protein - the lacI gene, which encodes therepressor proteinthe gene for RNA polymeraseWhich statement about LacI and the lac operon is correct? (Hint: Are the promoter andoperator the same?)Question options:LacI is active and binds to the lac operator when lactose is presentThe lac operon transcription is reduced when LacI binds to DNALacI can bind to the promoter region of the lac operonLacI is the only protein involved in the regulation of the lac operon - The lac operontranscription is reduced when LacI binds to DNAWhich of the following is necessary for high levels of expression of the lac operon?Question options:Low levels of lactoseLow levels of cAMPLow levels of glucoseLacI binding to the operator - Low levels of glucoseBacteria with a mutation eliminating the function of the lacZ gene (lacZ -):(Hint: See textbook, if you are not sure what lacZ means.)Question options:can more efficiently utilize lactose for energycannot utilize lactose for energycannot transport lactose into the cellcan more easily cleave lactose into sugars - cannot utilize lactose for energy

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The _____ of lactose _____ the binding of the lac repressor protein to the operator andpotentially _____ transcription of the structural genes in the operon.Question options:presence, does not affect, does not affectabsence, increases, increasespresence, decreases, increasesabsence, decreases, increases - presence, decreases, increasesThe lacZ and lacY genes, which produce the enzymes that transport lactose into cells andthen breaks it down, are transcribed when:Question options:lactose is absent and glucose levels are high.lactose is present and glucose levels are low.lactose is present, regardless of the level of glucose in the cell.glucose levels are high and lactose levels are low.glucose levels are low, regardless of the level of lactose in the cell. - lactose is present andglucose levels are low.question 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 31 - D2L class 26Alternative splicing regulates gene expression by:Question options:creating mutations in RNA.altering mRNA sequences.altering DNA sequences in chromosomes.degrading specific domains in proteins. - altering mRNA sequences.Which condition will result in maximum expression of the lac operon?Question options:high glucose and high lactoselow glucose and low lactosehigh glucose and low lactoselow glucose and high lactose - low glucose and high lactose

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