Test Bank For Biology, 10th Edition�

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-1Chapter 01The Science of BiologyMultiple Choice Questions1.Science is subdivided into specific areas of study termed disciplines. These divisions areartificial but are helpful to narrow the massive scope of scientific knowledge to a manageableamount. Given what you know about each, which scientific division is likely to present thebest answer to a question about how fluid dynamics affect blood pressure in mammals?A.Biochemistry–study of chemical reactions needed for life function, usually at the cellularlevel.B.Biophysics–study of biological processes through physicsC.Bioinformatics–use of technology to study and store biological dataD.Biology–study of lifeBlooms Level: 3. ApplyLO: 01.01.01 Compare biology to other natural sciences.Section: 01.01 The Science of LifeTopic: General2.Based on hierarchical levels of biological organization, which of these choices representsthe broadest level?A.Endocrine systemB.3 toed slothsC.School of piranhasD.Amazon BasinE.Jaguars, giant anteaters, macaws, capybarasBlooms Level: 3. ApplyLO: 01.01.03 Characterize the hierarchical organization of living systems.Section: 01.01 The Science of LifeTopic: General

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-23.Experiments are carried out to test a hypothesis by changing one variable at a time andincluding an unchanged variable termeda(n) _____.A.experimental variableB.altered variableC.controlD.stable variableBlooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General4.The method of reasoning that uses construction of general principles by carefulexamination of many specific cases is called:A.inductive reasoning.B.theoretical reasoning.C.deductive reasoning.D.experimental reasoning.E.hypothetical reasoning.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-35.Dr. Ratard was trying to determine the cause of a mysterious epidemic affecting fish in thegulf of New Mexico. His proposal that the deaths were caused by an organism called a protistis considered a(n) _________A.theory.B.data set.C.conclusion.D.hypothesis.E.experiment.Blooms Level: 2. UnderstandLO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General6.After Darwin concluded his voyage on theBeagle, he proposed that the process of naturalselection was a mechanism for:A.sexual selection.B.overpopulation of finches on the Galapagos Islands.C.speciation.D.evolution.E.artificial selection.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-47.A scientific theory is:A.a suggested explanation that accounts for observations.B.a way to organize how we think about a problem.C.a concept that is supported by experimental evidence that explains the facts in an area ofstudy.D.a way to understand a complex system by reducing it to its working parts.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General8.What common life characteristic would cells from a daisy, an apple and a dog all have?A.DNAB.tissuesC.organsD.virusesBlooms Level: 2. UnderstandLO: 01.01.02 Describe the characteristics of living systems.Section: 01.01 The Science of LifeTopic: General9.A yellow jacket, an insect in the order hymenoptera, stung me. A wasp, an insect inhymenoptera, stung me. A hornet, an insect in hymenoptera, stung me. I see a pattern. Allinsects in this order must have stingers. What type of reasoning does this represent?A.inductive reasoningB.deductive reasoningC.reductionismD.comparative reasoningBlooms Level: 2. UnderstandLO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-510.You explain to your study group that a hypothesis is:A.constant over time.B.atheory.C.an explanation that accounts for careful observations.D.a proposition that will betrue and fits the known facts.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General11.A suggested explanation that might be true and is subject to testing by furtherobservations is a(n):A.experiment.B.hypothesis.C.generality.D.theory.E.scientific principle.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-612.Based on the literature, you hypothesize that students in traditional biology lectures willhave the same grades as students in online biology lectures. You decide to test yourhypothesis by comparing grades of students in traditional and online biology lectures over asemester. As a result of the experiment, you observe that the grades in the traditional lecturesand the grades in the online lecturesare not significantly different. What do theseobservations allow you to do?A.accept the hypothesis without further questionB.reject the nullhypothesesC.develop a scientific theoryD.reject the hypothesisBlooms Level: 3. ApplyLO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General13.Your microwave will notturn on, and you speculate that a circuit breaker in the house hasbeen tripped. In scientific terminology, the steps would be described as:A.forming conclusions from the results of experiments.B.developing an observation based on a hypothesis.C.developing a hypothesis based on an observation.D.testing a prediction generated from a hypothesis.Blooms Level: 2. UnderstandLO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-714.A student poses the question: How does the presence of dissolved salt affect the freezingpoint of water? To answer this question, the student set up two conditions. In the firstcondition, the student added salt to water in a container and referred to this condition as thevariable. In the second condition, the student did not add any salt to water in a secondcontainer and referred to this condition as the control. The student took both containers andattempted to freeze the water at various temperatures to assess the freezing point. Would thisbe a valid experiment?A.Yes, because there is more than one variable.B.Yes, because there is one variable and a controlC.No, because there is not more than one variableD.No because there is only one variable and a controlBlooms Level: 2. UnderstandLO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General15.Karl Popper suggested that scientists use "imaginative preconception," which means thatsuccessful scientists:A.often predict the outcome of experiments.B.do not keep records of experiments that fail.C.cannot predict the outcome of experiments.D.do not need to do experiments to test their ideas.E.only perform applied research.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-816.The proposal that one type of organism can change gradually into another type over along period of time is known as:A.evolution.B.preservation.C.natural history.D.preconception.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin17.Darwin's ideas on evolutionwere advanced for his time. His approach to science andnatural selection were supported by what main tenant?A.Operation of natural laws produces constant change and improvement.B.Various organisms and their structures resulted from a spontaneous action.C.Species were unchangeable over the course of time.D.The world is fixed and constant.Blooms Level: 2. UnderstandLO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-918.Besides Darwin, the theory of evolution by means of natural selection was alsoindependently proposed by:A.Thomas Malthus.B.Peter Raven.C.Alfred Wallace.D.Charles Lyell.E.Karl Popper.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin19.The term that Darwin used to describethe concept that those with superior physical,behavior or other attributes are more likely to survive than those that are not so well endowed,and thus are more likely to pass their traits to the next generation, is called:A.geometric progressionB.superior beingsC.biological diversityD.survival of modificationsE.natural selectionBlooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-1020.A key contribution to Darwin's thinking was the concept of limits put on the geometricgrowth of populations by nature, originally proposed by:A.Thomas Malthus.B.Peter Raven.C.Karl Popper.D.Russel Wallace.E.Charles Lyell.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin21.Darwin's book in which he described his views on evolution is:A.On the Origin of Species.B.Survival of the Fittest.C.On the Principle of Population.D.Principles of Geology.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin22.Recent discoveries of microscopic fossils have extended the known history of life toabout:A.2 billion years ago.B.1 billion years ago.C.3.5 billionyears ago.D.4.5 billionyears ago.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-1123.In California, a species of salamanders were geographically separated over time. Thegroup that lived in southern California relied heavily on large gold blotches on their skin thathelped to camouflage them from predators. The group that lived along the coast adopted acolor pattern that mimicked a poisonous, colorful newt common to that area. Instead of beingcamouflaged, these salamanders advertised their colors. What type of selection process hasoccurred over time?A.theoretical selectionB.natural selectionC.experimental selectionD.artificial selectionBlooms Level: 3. ApplyLO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin24.The same basic array of bones is modified to give rise to the wing of a bat and the fin of aporpoise. Such anatomical structures are called:A.evolutionary modifications.B.homologous.C.inherited.D.uniform.E.analogous.Blooms Level: 2. UnderstandLO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-1225.Structures that have similar structure and function but different evolutionary origins arecalled:A.inherited.B.analogous.C.homologous.D.evolutionary modifications.E.uniform.Blooms Level: 1. RememberLO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin26.The rate at which evolution is occurring cannot be estimated by:A.studying comparative anatomy.B.inferring that apes are related to humans.C.measuring the degree of difference in genetic coding.D.interpretation of the fossil record.Blooms Level: 2. UnderstandLO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. Darwin

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-1327.Differences in domesticated animalsover relatively shortperiods of time most likelyoccur through:A.experimental selectionB.artificial selectionC.natural selectionD.adaptationE.evolutionBlooms Level: 2. UnderstandLO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution.Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and EvolutionTopic: Evolution. DarwinAs part of your research project, you travel to an island to learn more about the habitats andrelationships of spiders, centipedes and insects. You and your assistant plot out five differentareas of the island and count the numbers of spiders, centipedes, and insects living in eachplot. Your results show the following:

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-14PlotInsectsSpidersCentipedes1300254242617103147152147397805791393LO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists.LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General

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Chapter 01-The Science of Biology1-1528.The most plausibleexplanation for the high number of spiders in plot 4 is:A.there are too many insects overall.B.there are no centipedes to prey onthe spiders and there are abundant insects upon which tofeed.C.the spiders preyed onthe centipedes and ignored the insects.D.the insects and spiders worked together to eliminatethe centipedes.Blooms Level: 5. EvaluateLO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General29.The plots that were staked out on the island were part of the:A.applied research.B.basic research.C.experimental design.D.constructed model.Blooms Level: 2. UnderstandLO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General30.Based in the information provided, the best explanation for the low numbers of spidersand insects in plot 5 is:A.there were not enough spiders to catch and consume all the insects.B.there were not enough insects to support a large centipede population.C.centipedes are actively consuming insects and spiders.D.centipedes prefer spiders to insects.Blooms Level: 5. EvaluateLO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists.Section: 01.02 The Nature of ScienceTopic: General

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