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Test Bank For Biology, 10th Edition�

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 1 Chapter 01 The Science of Biology Multiple Choice Questions 1. Science is subdivided into specific areas of study termed disciplines. These divisions are artificial but are helpful to narrow the massive scope of scientific knowledge to a manageable amount. Given what you know about each, which scientific division is likely to present the best answer to a question about how fluid dynamics affect blood pressure in mammals? A. Biochemistry – study of chemical reactions needed for life function, usually at the cellular level. B. Biophysics – study of biological processes through physics C. Bioinformatics – use of technology to study and store biological data D. Biology – study of life Blooms Level: 3. Apply LO: 01.01.01 Compare biology to other natural sciences. Section: 01.01 The Science of Life Topic: General 2. Based on hierarchical levels of biological organization, which of these choices represents the broadest level? A. Endocrine system B. 3 toed sloths C. School of piranhas D. Amazon Basin E. Jaguars, giant anteaters, macaws, capybaras Blooms Level: 3. Apply LO: 01.01.03 Characterize the hierarchical organization of living systems. Section: 01.01 The Science of Life Topic: General

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 2 3. Experiments are carried out to test a hypothesis by changing one variable at a time and including an unchanged variable termed a(n) _____. A. experimental variable B. altered variable C. control D. stable variable Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General 4. The method of reasoning that uses construction of general principles by careful examination of many specific cases is called: A. inductive reasoning. B. theoretical reasoning. C. deductive reasoning. D. experimental reasoning. E. hypothetical reasoning. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 3 5. Dr. Ratard was trying to determine the cause of a mysterious epidemic affecting fish in the gulf of New Mexico. His proposal that the deaths were caused by an organism called a protist is considered a(n) _________ A. theory. B. data set. C. conclusion. D. hypothesis. E. experiment. Blooms Level: 2. Understand LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General 6. After Darwin concluded his voyage on the Beagle , he proposed that the process of natural selection was a mechanism for: A. sexual selection. B. overpopulation of finches on the Galapagos Islands. C. speciation. D. evolution. E. artificial selection. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 4 7. A scientific theory is: A. a suggested explanation that accounts for observations. B. a way to organize how we think about a problem. C. a concept that is supported by experimental evidence that explains the facts in an area of study. D. a way to understand a complex system by reducing it to its working parts. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General 8. What common life characteristic would cells from a daisy, an apple and a dog all have? A. DNA B. tissues C. organs D. viruses Blooms Level: 2. Understand LO: 01.01.02 Describe the characteristics of living systems. Section: 01.01 The Science of Life Topic: General 9. A yellow jacket, an insect in the order hymenoptera, stung me. A wasp, an insect in hymenoptera, stung me. A hornet, an insect in hymenoptera, stung me. I see a pattern. All insects in this order must have stingers. What type of reasoning does this represent? A. inductive reasoning B. deductive reasoning C. reductionism D. comparative reasoning Blooms Level: 2. Understand LO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 5 10. You explain to your study group that a hypothesis is: A. constant over time. B. a theory. C. an explanation that accounts for careful observations. D. a proposition that will be true and fits the known facts. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General 11. A suggested explanation that might be true and is subject to testing by further observations is a(n): A. experiment. B. hypothesis. C. generality. D. theory. E. scientific principle. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 6 12. Based on the literature, you hypothesize that students in traditional biology lectures will have the same grades as students in online biology lectures. You decide to test your hypothesis by comparing grades of students in traditional and online biology lectures over a semester. As a result of the experiment, you observe that the grades in the traditional lectures and the grades in the online lectures are not significantly different. What do these observations allow you to do? A. accept the hypothesis without further question B. reject the null hypotheses C. develop a scientific theory D. reject the hypothesis Blooms Level: 3. Apply LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General 13. Your microwave will not turn on, and you speculate that a circuit breaker in the house has been tripped. In scientific terminology, the steps would be described as: A. forming conclusions from the results of experiments. B. developing an observation based on a hypothesis. C. developing a hypothesis based on an observation. D. testing a prediction generated from a hypothesis. Blooms Level: 2. Understand LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 7 14. A student poses the question: How does the presence of dissolved salt affect the freezing point of water? To answer this question, the student set up two conditions. In the first condition, the student added salt to water in a container and referred to this condition as the variable. In the second condition, the student did not add any salt to water in a second container and referred to this condition as the control. The student took both containers and attempted to freeze the water at various temperatures to assess the freezing point. Would this be a valid experiment? A. Yes, because there is more than one variable. B. Yes, because there is one variable and a control C. No, because there is not more than one variable D. No because there is only one variable and a control Blooms Level: 2. Understand LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General 15. Karl Popper suggested that scientists use "imaginative preconception," which means that successful scientists: A. often predict the outcome of experiments. B. do not keep records of experiments that fail. C. cannot predict the outcome of experiments. D. do not need to do experiments to test their ideas. E. only perform applied research. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 8 16. The proposal that one type of organism can change gradually into another type over a long period of time is known as: A. evolution. B. preservation. C. natural history. D. preconception. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin 17. Darwin's ideas on evolution were advanced for his time. His approach to science and natural selection were supported by what main tenant? A. Operation of natural laws produces constant change and improvement. B. Various organisms and their structures resulted from a spontaneous action. C. Species were unchangeable over the course of time. D. The world is fixed and constant. Blooms Level: 2. Understand LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 9 18. Besides Darwin, the theory of evolution by means of natural selection was also independently proposed by: A. Thomas Malthus. B. Peter Raven. C. Alfred Wallace. D. Charles Lyell. E. Karl Popper. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin 19. The term that Darwin used to describe the concept that those with superior physical, behavior or other attributes are more likely to survive than those that are not so well endowed, and thus are more likely to pass their traits to the next generation, is called: A. geometric progression B. superior beings C. biological diversity D. survival of modifications E. natural selection Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 10 20. A key contribution to Darwin's thinking was the concept of limits put on the geometric growth of populations by nature, originally proposed by: A. Thomas Malthus. B. Peter Raven. C. Karl Popper. D. Russel Wallace. E. Charles Lyell. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin 21. Darwin's book in which he described his views on evolution is: A. On the Origin of Species. B. Survival of the Fittest. C. On the Principle of Population. D. Principles of Geology. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin 22. Recent discoveries of microscopic fossils have extended the known history of life to about: A. 2 billion years ago. B. 1 billion years ago. C. 3.5 billion years ago. D. 4.5 billion years ago. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 11 23. In California, a species of salamanders were geographically separated over time. The group that lived in southern California relied heavily on large gold blotches on their skin that helped to camouflage them from predators. The group that lived along the coast adopted a color pattern that mimicked a poisonous, colorful newt common to that area. Instead of being camouflaged, these salamanders advertised their colors. What type of selection process has occurred over time? A. theoretical selection B. natural selection C. experimental selection D. artificial selection Blooms Level: 3. Apply LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwins theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin 24. The same basic array of bones is modified to give rise to the wing of a bat and the fin of a porpoise. Such anatomical structures are called: A. evolutionary modifications. B. homologous. C. inherited. D. uniform. E. analogous. Blooms Level: 2. Understand LO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 12 25. Structures that have similar structure and function but different evolutionary origins are called: A. inherited. B. analogous. C. homologous. D. evolutionary modifications. E. uniform. Blooms Level: 1. Remember LO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin 26. The rate at which evolution is occurring cannot be estimated by: A. studying comparative anatomy. B. inferring that apes are related to humans. C. measuring the degree of difference in genetic coding. D. interpretation of the fossil record. Blooms Level: 2. Understand LO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 13 27. Differences in domesticated animals over relatively short periods of time most likely occur through: A. experimental selection B. artificial selection C. natural selection D. adaptation E. evolution Blooms Level: 2. Understand LO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution. Section: 01.03 An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution Topic: Evolution. Darwin As part of your research project, you travel to an island to learn more about the habitats and relationships of spiders, centipedes and insects. You and your assistant plot out five different areas of the island and count the numbers of spiders, centipedes, and insects living in each plot. Your results show the following:

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 14 Plot Insects Spiders Centipedes 1 300 25 4 2 426 17 10 3 147 15 21 4 739 78 0 5 79 13 93 LO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists. LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General

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    Chapter 01 - The Science of Biology 1 - 15 28. The most plausible explanation for the high number of spiders in plot 4 is: A. there are too many insects overall. B. there are no centipedes to prey on the spiders and there are abundant insects upon which to feed. C. the spiders preyed on the centipedes and ignored the insects. D. the insects and spiders worked together to eliminate the centipedes. Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General 29. The plots that were staked out on the island were part of the: A. applied research. B. basic research. C. experimental design. D. constructed model. Blooms Level: 2. Understand LO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General 30. Based in the information provided, the best explanation for the low numbers of spiders and insects in plot 5 is: A. there were not enough spiders to catch and consume all the insects. B. there were not enough insects to support a large centipede population. C. centipedes are actively consuming insects and spiders. D. centipedes prefer spiders to insects. Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate LO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists. Section: 01.02 The Nature of Science Topic: General

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