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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Document preview page 1

Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 1

Document preview content for Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022)

Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022)

Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) is your go-to practice exam, covering essential topics needed for your certification success.

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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 1 preview imageBARRON'SChemistrSyPracticePlusWITHQUICKREVIEWGUIDEB\FA\|nN&\MARKC.KERNION,M.A.,axpJOSEPHA.MASCETTA,MS.+StudyXY
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 2 preview imageDownloadedfromStudyXY.com®+StudyXYSdYe.o>\|iF’prE\3SStudyAnythingThisContentHasbeenPostedOnStudyXY.comassupplementarylearningmaterial.StudyXYdoesnotendroseanyuniversity,collegeorpublisher.Allmaterialspostedareundertheliabilityofthecontributors.wv8)www.studyxy.com
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 3 preview imageScanhow=Liedtoaccesspracticeincludedwiththisbook,orgotoonline.barronsbooks.comBARRON'S
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 4 preview imageChemistryPracticePlus
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 5 preview imageDedicationTomywife,Patty;children,Emily,Sam,andBen;granddaughters,StellaandClare;grandson,Nate;son-in-law,Rob;anddaughter-in-law,Aly—M.KernionTomywife,Jean;daughters,Lisa,Linda,andLori;andtheirfamilies,whosupportedmyeffortsthroughouttheyears—J.Mascetta
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 6 preview image©Copyright2022byKaplanNorthAmerica,LLC,dbaBarron’sEducationalSeriesContentinthisbookwaspreviouslypublishedinadifferentformatunderthetitleSATSubjectTestinChemistry.AllrightsreservedunderInternationalandPan-AmericanCopyrightConventions.Bypaymentoftherequiredfees,youhavebeengrantedthenon-exclusive,non-transferablerighttoaccessandreadthetextofthiseBookonscreen.Nopartofthistextmaybereproduced,transmitted,downloaded,decompiled,reverseengineered,orstoredinorintroducedintoanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,inanyformorbyanymeans,whetherelectronicormechanical,nowknownorhereinafterinvented,withouttheexpresswrittenpermissionofthepublisher.PublishedbyKaplanNorthAmerica,LLC,dbaBarron’sEducationalSeries1515WCypressCreekRoadFortLauderdale,FL33309www.barronseduc.comISBN:978-1-5062-8151-310987654321KaplanNorthAmerica,LLC,dbaBarron’sEducationalSeriesprintbooksareavailableatspecialquantitydiscountstouseforsalespromotions,employeepremiums,oreducationalpurposes.Formoreinformationortopurchasebooks,pleasecalltheSimon&Schusterspecialsalesdepartmentat866-506-1949.
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 7 preview imageAbouttheAuthorsMarkKernion,M.A.MarkKernion,M.A.,taughtAP,honors,andacademicchemistryfor33yearsatMt.LebanonHighSchoolinPittsburgh,Pennsylvania,andcurrentlyteachesanonlineAPChemistrycoursethroughPAHomeschoolersandChemistry-Prep.com.HereceivedtheYaleTeachingAwardin2007,wasinductedintotheCumLaudeSociety(dedicatedtohonoringscholasticachievementinsecondaryschools)in2006,andholdsanumberofpatentsrelatedtohisresearch.JoeMascetta,M.S.,C.A.S.JoeMascetta,M.S.,C.A.S.,taughthighschoolchemistryfor20years.HealsoservedasthesciencedepartmentcoordinatorandprincipalofMt.LebanonHighSchoolinPittsburgh,Pennsylvania,ascienceconsultanttotheareaschools,andwasapastpresidentoftheWesternPennsylvaniaAssociationofSupervisionandCurriculumDevelopment(ASCD)andtheStateAdvisoryCommitteeofASCD.
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 8 preview imageCONTENTSHowtoUseThisBookCHAPTER1:INTRODUCTIONTOCHEMISTRYMatterEnergyConservationofMassandEnergyScientificMethodMeasurementsandCalculationsCHAPTER2:ATOMICSTRUCTUREANDTHEPERIODICTABLEOFTHEELEMENTSEarlyAtomicModelsAtomicSpectraNuclearTransformationsandStabilityTheNatureofRadioactiveEmissionsMethodsofDetectionofAlpha,Beta,andGammaRaysDecaySeries,Transmutations,andHalf-LifeNuclearReactions
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 9 preview imageTheWave-MechanicalModelElectronConfigurationTransitionElementsPeriodicTableoftheElementsPropertiesRelatedtothePeriodicTableCHAPTER3:BONDINGTypesofChemicalBondsDoubleandTripleBondsResonanceStructuresMolecularGeometry—VSEPRandHybridizationIntermolecularForcesofAttractionMetallicBondsPropertiesofDifferentlyBondedSubstancesCHAPTER4:CHEMICALFORMULASNamingandWritingChemicalFormulasNamesandFormulasofCommonAcidsandBasesChemicalFormulas:TheirMeaningandUseLawsofDefiniteCompositionandMultipleProportionsWritingandBalancingSimpleEquationsShowingPhasesinChemicalEquationsWritingIonicEquationsCHAPTER5:GASESANDTHEGASLAWSGeneralCharacteristicsofGasesGasLawsandRelatedProblems
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 10 preview imageCHAPTER6:STOICHIOMETRY(CHEMICALCALCULATIONS)ANDTHEMOLECONCEPTTheMoleConceptMolarMassandMolesMolarMassandGasVolumesUsingMolarMassandMolarVolumeDensityandMolarMassStoichiometry:Mole-MoleProblemsStoichiometry:Mass-MassProblemsStoichiometry:Volume-VolumeProblemsStoichiometry:Mass-VolumeorVolume-MassProblemsProblemswithanExcessofOneReactantoraLimitingReactantPercentYieldofaProductCHAPTER7:LIQUIDS,SOLIDS,ANDPHASECHANGESGeneralCharacteristicsofSolids,Liquids,andGasesImportantPropertiesofLiquidsImportantPropertiesofSolidsTypesofSolidsPhaseDiagramsSolutionsColligativePropertiesofSolutionsCHAPTER8:CHEMICALREACTIONSANDTHERMOCHEMISTRYThermochemistryPredictingReactions
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 11 preview imageDeterminingChangesinEnthalpyCHAPTER9:RATESOFCHEMICALREACTIONSFactorsAffectingReactionRatesActivationEnergyReactionRateLawCHAPTER10:CHEMICALEQUILIBRIUMReversibleReactionsandEquilibriumLeChatelier’sPrincipleEquilibriainHeterogeneousSystemsCommonIonEffectDrivingForcesofReactionsCHAPTER11:ACIDS,BASES,ANDSALTSDefinitionsandPropertiesIndicatorsTitration-VolumetricAnalysisBufferSolutionsSaltsAmphotericSubstancesCHAPTER12:OXIDATION-REDUCTIONOxidationStatesCombustionReactionsCHAPTER13:CARBONANDORGANICCHEMISTRYFormsofCarbon
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 12 preview imageOrganicChemistryHydrocarbonsHydrocarbonDerivativesCHAPTER14:THELABORATORYTheTenCommandmentsofLabSafetySomeBasicSetups
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 13 preview imageHowtoUseThisBookBarron’sChemistryPracticePlusisdesignedtoofferessentialreviewofkeytopicsandloadsofonlinepracticetohelpyouexcelinchemistry.OnlinePracticeAccessmorethan400questionsinonlinequizzesarrangedbytopicforcustomizedpractice!Allquestionsincludeanswerexplanations.WhatWillYouLearnintheBook?Keyreviewandtopicsarecoveredsoyoucanstudytheessentialsneededtosucceed.Learningobjectivesarelistedatthestartofeachchapter.Thislistofkeyideaswillhelpguideyourlearningandstudyplanandallowyoutoeasilyreturntotopicsthatyouwanttoreviewagain.Examplesareincludedtohelpsupportyourlearningofsurroundingtopics.Tipsaregiventhroughoutthebooktoofferhelpfulnotes,reminders,andstrategiestoimproveyourlearning.
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 14 preview imageCHAPTER1IntroductiontoChemistryLearningObjectivesInthischapter,youwilllearnhowto:oDistinguishtypesofmatter:i.e.,elements,mixtures,compounds,andpuresubstances.oIdentifychemicalandphysicalpropertiesandchanges.oExplainhowenergyisinvolvedinthesechanges.oIdentifyandusetheSIunitsofmeasurements.oDomathematicalcalculationsbyusingscientificnotation,dimensionalanalysis,andpropersignificantfigures.Chemistryisthestudyofmatterandhowitchanges.Changesinmatterarealwaysaccompaniedbychangesintheenergyassociatedwiththematterthatischanging.Therefore,chemistryinvestigatesmatterandenergyaswellasthechangestheyundergoasprocessesunfold.Agoodunderstandingofbothmatterandenergyisthusrequiredtounderstandtheworldfromachemicalperspective.Matter
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 15 preview imageMatterisdefinedasanythingthatoccupiesspaceandhasmass.Massisthequantityofmatterthatasubstancepossessesand,dependingonthegravitationalforceactingonit,hasaunitofweightassignedtoit.Itsformulaisw=mg,wheremisthemassofthesubstanceandgisagravitationalconstant.Althoughweightcanvaryasthegravitationalconstantdoes,themassofthebodyisaconstantandcanbemeasuredbyitsresistancetoachangeofpositionormotion.Thispropertyofmasstoresistachangeofpositionormotioniscalledinertia.Sincematterdoesoccupyspace,wecancomparethemassesofvarioussubstancesthatoccupyaparticularunitvolume.Thisrelationshipofmasstoaunitvolumeiscalledthedensityofthesubstance.ItcanbeshowninamathematicalformulaasD=cTheunitofmass(m)commonlyusedinchemistryisthegram(g),andofvolume(V)isthecubiccentimeter(cm3),milliliter(mL),orliter(L).TIPMatteroccupiesspaceandhasmass.Anexampleofhowdensityvariescanbeshownbythedifferenceinthevolumesoccupiedby1gramofametal,suchasgold,and1gramofStyrofoam.Bothhavethesamemass,1gram,butthevolumeoccupiedbytheStyrofoamismuchlarger.Therefore,thedensityofthegoldismuchlargerthanthatoftheStyrofoam.Inchemistry,thetypicalunitforthedensityofsolidsisgrams/cubiccentimeterandforthatofliquidsisgrams/milliliter.Bothofthesearetemperaturedependent.Thetypicalunitforthedensityofgasesisgrams/literatstandardtemperatureandpressure.However,thedensityofgasesisusuallymuchlowerthanthedensitiesofsolidsandliquids,whichisthereasonfortheunitofliterinthedenominator.Thisensuresareasonableamountofmasswillbereportedforgases.Densityisanimportantdifferentiatingpropertyofmatter.Itisaquantitativevaluethatcanbeassignedtoallmatterbasedonthedefinitionofmatter:anythingthathasmassandvolume.
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Barron's Chemistry Practice Plus: 400+ Online Questions and Quick Study Review (2022) - Page 16 preview imageTIPoo,MassDensfty.=VolumeStatesofMatterMatteroccursinthreestates:solid,liquid,andgas.Aselidhasbothadefinitesizeandadefiniteshape.Aliquidhasadefinitevolumebuttakestheshapeofthecontainer,andagashasneitheradefiniteshapenoradefinitevolume.Thesestatesofmattercanoftenbechangedbytheadditionorsubtractionofheatenergy.Anexampleisicechangingtoliquidwaterandfinallysteam.ChemicalandPhysicalPropertiesPhysicalpropertiesofmatterarethosepropertiesthatcanusuallybeobservedwithoursenses.Theyincludeeverythingaboutasubstancethatcanbenotedwhennochangeisoccurringinthetypeofstructurethatmakesupitssmallestcomponent.Somecommonexamplesarephysicalstate,color,odor,solubilityinwater,density,meltingpoint,mass,andweight.Allofthepropertiesjustlisted,exceptformassandweight,areindependentofthesizeofthesampleofmatterbeingdescribedandarereferredtoasintensive.Theintensivenatureofapropertydoesnotprecludeitfrombeingquantitative,however.Solubility,density,andmeltingpointareexamplesofintensiveproperties.Theyaremeasuredpropertiesandcontainnumbersintheirdescription.Massandweightarealsoquantitativepropertiesofmatterbutdependonthesizeofthesample.Thesetypesofpropertiesarereferredtoasextensive.Chemicalpropertiesarethosepropertiesthatcanbeobservedinregardtowhetherornotasubstancechangeschemically,oftenasaresultofreactingwithothersubstances.Somecommonexamplesare:ironrustsinmoistair,nitrogendoesnotburn,golddoesnotrust,sodiumreactswithwater,silverdoesnotreactwithwater,andwatercanbedecomposedbyanelectriccurrent.
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