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Element Builder Gizmo Exploring Atoms and Electron

A hands-on exploration using the Element Builder Gizmo to understand atomic structure, subatomic particles, electron arrangement, and periodic table organization through interactive learning, diagrams, and critical thinking activities.

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    Student Exploration: Element Builder Vocabulary: atom atomic number, electron, electron dot diagram, element, energy level, ion isotope, mass number, neutron, nucleus, periodic table, proton, radioactive, valence eleclrons Gizmo Warm-up Atoms are tiny particles of matter that are made up of three particles: protons, neutrons andelectrons . The Element Builder Gizmo™ shows an atom wilh a single proton. The proton is located in the cenler of the atom called the nucleus. 1. Use the arrow buttons ( * j to add proIons, neutrons, and electrons to the alom. Press Play ( - ) A. Which particles are located in the nucleus? 3 B. Which particles orbit around lhe nucleus? stamp taomd 'N‘ T-rt ■ * ’<• Wl * V nW-r- Proipiii NtulWf B+owxn; M ” . | o none 2. Turn on Show element name. Whal causes the element name Io change? When you add protons Activity A: Subatomic particles Get the Gizmo ready: • Use the arrows to create an atom with two proIons, two neutrons, and two electrons. • Turnon Show element name. ' a . Question: What are the properties of protons, neutrons, and electrons? 1. Observe: Turn on Show element symbol and Element notation. Three numbers surround the element symbol: the mass number (A ), electrical charge (no number is displayed if lhe atom is neutral}, and the atomic number (Z). 2. Investigate: Watch how the numbers change as you add or 'He remove particles. A. Which number is equal Io the number of protons in the atom? atomic number B. How can you calculate lhe number of neutrons (W) in an atom? How can you calculate the numbe

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    cf neutrons {Art n an atom? C. Which partide (proton . neutron, or electron) has- a positive charge? crotons Negative chaige? electrons c ari 9 E 31 all? neutrons 3. Anayze: An isotope is an alternative farm of ar e errant Eact isotope of an element has the same number of protons, but a different numbe p of neutrons. The isotope is represented by the atomic symbol and mass number, such as He-4. Some isotopes are stable, while otners are radioactive winich means the atoms decay over time and emit radiation. A Ylhat are the stable isotopes of carton? Cartcn-12 Is stable, meaning tt never urda-ones radbaiiUv- decay B. Wiat a e the stable isotopes of nitroger?There are iv/o stable lEotocee oTN: 14\ and 15N C. List two radioactive sotopes of oxygen: oxygen-15 and oxygen-13. 4. Practice: Use the Gizmo 1o answer tne fb lowing questions. A How many electrons are in a neutral atom of lithium? 3 B. How many neutrons are im an atom of Mg-25? 13 C. Wiat s the mass numbe- of an atom wth 5 protons and 7 neutrons? 12 D. Wien an atom is charged, it is cal ed an ion. How many electrons are in tf ? 10 E. How many electrons are in Mg 1 *? Ifl Activity B: Gel die Gizmo ready: * O Electron ■ Create a neutral hydrogen atom i l - arrangements proton, D neutrons 1 electron) . _____________ Question: How a re electrons arranged around the nucleus of an atom? 1. ubse"ve: Add electrons to the atom until you have used all the available electrons. W a t do you notice? They are all surrounding that one proton and they are rotat -g around it. I also notice that the atomic mass changed into 2. Analyze: Electrons are arranged in orbits called energy levels The Gizmo shows all of the first two energy levels but only part of the third energy level. A How many electrons can ft in the first energy level? .Only 2 B. How many electrons can ft in the second energy level? Only 7 C. How many electrons fit in the pan of the third energy eve shown? Only E

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