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Introduction To Chemical Nomenclature And Bonding: A Comprehensive Assignment

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    Introduction to Chemical Nomenclature and Bonding: A Comprehensive Assignment 1)Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture. If it is a pure substance, is it an element or a compound? Explain your answer. a.fluorine (used to make fluorides, such as those used in toothpaste) – pure substance - element b. toothpaste - mixture different elements are mixed in different proportion c.calcium fluoride, CaF2, from the naturally occurring ore fluorite(It is used to make sodium monofluorophosphate, which is added to some toothpastes.) - pure substance - compound 2Write the chemical formula for each of the following compounds. List the symbols for the elements in the order that the elements are mentioned in the description. a. a compound with molecules that consist of two phosphorus atoms and five oxygen atoms. P 2 O 5 - phosphorus pentaoxide b. a compound with molecules that consist of two hydrogen atoms and one sulfur atom. H 2 S - hydrogen sulphide c.a compound that contains three calcium atoms for every two nitrogen atoms. Ca 3 N 2 - Calcium nitride d. a compound with molecules that consist of 12 carbon atoms, 22 hydrogen atoms, and 11 oxygen atoms. C 12 H 22 O 11 - Sucrose 3)Atoms of magnesium and oxygen form ions and ionic bonds in a similar way to atoms of sodium and chlorine. The difference is that instead of having each atom gain or lose one electron, each atom of one of these elements loses two electrons, and each atom of the other element gains two electrons. Describe the process that leads to the formation of the ionic bond between magnesium and oxygen atoms in magnesium oxide. Your answer should include mention of the charges that form on the atoms. Mg(s) → mg 2+ (aq)+ 2e - O+2e - → O 2 - Mg+O → MgO 4)How may protons and electrons do each of the following ions have?

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