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Test Bank for Essential Organic Chemistry Plus Mastering Chemistry , 3rd Edition

Stay prepared with Test Bank for Essential Organic Chemistry Plus Mastering Chemistry , 3rd Edition, a well-organized exam guide featuring essential topics, tips, and solved examples.

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    1 Essential Organic Chemistry, 3e (Bruice) Chapter 1 Remembering General Chemistry: Electronic Structure and Bonding 1) What element is represented by the following electronic configuration? 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 5 A) F B) C C) N D) Al E) O Answer: A Diff: 2 Section: 1-2 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.2 2) How many unpaired electrons are present in the electronic configuation of carbon (atomic number = 6)? A) none B) one C) two D) three E) four Answer: C Diff: 2 Section: 1-2 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.2 3) Which of the following is the electronic configuration of the element Fe? A) 1 s2 2s 2 2 p 6 3 s 2 3p6 4 s 2 3 d 6 B) 1 s2 2s2 2p 6 3 s2 3p8 3d 6 C) 1 s2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d 6 D) 1 s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4d 6 E) 1 s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4p 6 Answer: A Diff: 2 Section: 1-2 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.2

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    2 4) The atomic number of boron is 5. The correct electronic configuration of boron is ________. A) 1 s2 2s 3 B) 1 s2 2p 3 C) 1 s2 2s2 2p 1 D) 2 s2 2p 3 E) 1 s2 2s2 3s 1 Answer: C Diff: 2 Section: 1-2 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.2 5) Which of the following statements correctly describes the third shell that surrounds the nucleus of an atom? A) The third shell contains only s and p atomic orbitals. B) The maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third shell is 18. C) The total number of atomic orbitals present in the third shell is 16. D) The third shell can contain f orbitals. E) All third shell elements must have d electrons. Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1-2 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.2 6) What is the electronic configuration of N3-? A) 1 s2 2s 2 B) 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 3 C) 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 4 D) 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 E) 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 3 s 1 Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1-2 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.2

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    3 7) Which of the following atoms is the least electronegative? A) P B) Na C) I D) B E) O Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1-3 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.4 8) Which of the following compounds have bonds that are predominantly ionic? A) KCl B) CF4 C) NH3 D) both A and B E) both B and C Answer: A Diff: 2 Section: 1-3 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.3 9) What type of bonding is found in CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3? A) ionic B) hydrogen C) covalent D) polar Answer: C Diff: 2 Section: 1-3 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.3 10) Which of the following contains polar covalent bonds? A) NH3 B) Na2O C) H2 D) KF E) both A and C Answer: A Diff: 2 Section: 1-3 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.3

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    4 11) Which of the following covalent bonds has the largest dipole moment? A) C-C B) C-H C) C-O D) H-N E) H-F Answer: E Diff: 2 Section: 1-3 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.3 12) How many nonbonding pairs of electrons are in H2NOH? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4 Answer: D Diff: 3 Section: 1-4 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.4 13) The compound CH3NH2, contains a C-N bond. Which of the following best describes the charge on the nitrogen atom in this compound? A) +1 B) slightly positive C) uncharged D) slightly negative E) -1 Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1-4 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.4

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    5 14) The formal charge on nitrogen in the following compound is ________. A) +2 B) +1 C) 0 D) -1 E) -2 Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1-4 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.5 15) Which of the following is the most likely Lewis structure for C2H2? A) B) C) D) H—C C—H E) Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1-4 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.5

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    6 16) Which of the following Lewis structures is correct for CH2N2? A) : CH2—N N : B) C) D) E) Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1-4 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.5 17) What are the formal charges on nitrogen and on the starred oxygen in the following species? A) N = -1, O = 0 B) N = +1, O = -1 C) N = +1, O = +1 D) N = -1, O = -1 E) N= +1, O = 0 Answer: E Diff: 2 Section: 1-4 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.5

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    7 18) What is the formal charge on the nitrogen in the ammonium ion? A) -2 B) -1 C) 0 D) +1 E) +2 Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1-4 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.5 19) How many degenerate p orbitals are in the second shell? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4 Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1-5 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.7 20) What is the hybridization of the indicated atom ? CH3CH2CH2CH3 ↑ A) sp B) sp 2 C) sp 3 D) none of the above Answer: C Diff: 2 Section: 1-7 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.9

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    8 21) How many sp 2 carbons are present in H2C=C=CH2? A) 0 B) 1 C) 1.5 D) 2 E) 3 Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1-8 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.10a 22) What orbitals overlap to form the C-H bond in ethene (H2C=CH2)? A) s-sp B) s-sp 2 C) s-sp 3 D) s-p E) p-p Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1-8 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.10a 23) Are all the carbons in this structure in the same plane? A) Yes B) No Answer: A Diff: 2 Section: 1-8 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.10a

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    9 24) Are all the carbons in this structure in the same plane? A) Yes B) No Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1-8 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.10a 25) How many sp 2-hybridized atoms are in the following compound? A) Two B) Three C) Four D) Five E) Six Answer: C Diff: 2 Section: 1-8 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.10a

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    10 26) How many carbon-carbon sigma bonds are in the following compound? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 Answer: B Diff: 3 Section: 1-9 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.11 27) CH3CN contains ________ sigma bonds and ________ pi bonds. A) 5; 2 B) 4; 3 C) 4; 2 D) 2; 2 E) 4; 0 Answer: A Diff: 2 Section: 1-9 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.11 28) Which carbons in the following compound are sp hybridized? A) carbon 1 B) carbon 2 C) carbons 1, 3 D) carbons 4 E) carbons 4, 5 Answer: E Diff: 2 Section: 1-9 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.11

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    11 29) How many carbon-carbon sigma bonds are in the following compound? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4 Answer: C Diff: 3 Section: 1-9 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.11 30) How many sp carbons are in the following compound? A) Zero B) One C) Two D) Three Answer: C Diff: 2 Section: 1-9 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.11 31) How many sp -hybridized atoms are in the following compound? A) One B) Two C) Three D) Four Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1-9 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.11

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    12 32) Which of the following has an sp 2 carbon? A) B) ∙ CH 3 C) D) A and B E) A, B and C Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1-10 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.12 33) What is the bond angle and hybridization of the carbon in +CH3? A) 120°, sp 2 B) 120°, sp 3 C) 109.5°, sp 2 D) 120°, sp 2 E) 109.5°, sp 2 Answer: A Diff: 2 Section: 1-10 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.12 34) What orbitals overlap to form the H-C bond in CH3 +? A) sp 3- sp 3 B) sp 2- sp 3 C) s -p D) s - sp 2 E) s - sp 3 Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1-10 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.12

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    13 35) The lone-pair electrons of the methyl anion occupy a(n) ________ orbital. A) s B) p C) sp D) sp 2 E) sp 3 Answer: E Diff: 2 Section: 1-10 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.12 36) The N-H bond in CH3NH2 is a ________ bond formed by the overlap of a(n) ________ orbital of N with the ________ orbital of H. A) σ; sp 2; s B) σ; sp 3; s C) π; sp 3; s D) π; sp 2; p E) π; p ; p Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1-11 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.13 37) The nitrogen atom in (CH3CH2)3N is ________ hybridized and the C-N-C bond angle is ________. A) sp 2; >109.5° B) sp 2; <109.5° C) sp 3; >109.5° D) sp 3; <109.5° E) sp ; 109.5° Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1-11 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.13

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    14 38) The N-H bond in the ammonium ion, +NH4, is formed by the overlap of what two orbitals? A) sp 3- sp 3 B) sp 3- sp 2 C) sp 2- sp 2 D) sp 2- s E) sp 3- s Answer: E Diff: 2 Section: 1-11 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.13 39) Which of the following angles is closest to the C-O-C bond angle in CH3-O-CH3? A) 180° B) 120° C) 109.5° D) 90° E) 160° Answer: C Diff: 2 Section: 1-12 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.14 40) Each lone pair on the O in CH3OH occupies a(n) ________ orbital. A) s B) p C) sp D) sp 2 E) sp 3 Answer: E Diff: 2 Section: 1-12 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.14

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    15 41) Of the hydrogen halides, the strongest bond is found in ________ and the longest bond is found in ________. A) HF; HF B) HF; HI C) HI; HF D) HI; HI E) HCl; HBr Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1-13 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.15 42) The hydrogen—halogen bond becomes ________ and ________ as the size of the halogen increases. A) longer; weaker B) longer; stronger C) shorter; weaker D) shorter; stronger Answer: A Diff: 3 Section: 1-13 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.15 43) Which bond in the following compound is the shortest? A) bond 1 B) bond 2 C) bond 3 D) bond 4 E) bond 5 Answer: E Diff: 2 Section: 1-14 Objective: G2, G3 LO: 1.16

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