2024 WGU D236 Pathophysiology Practice Exam With Answers (134 Solved Questions)

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WGUD236PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAMLATEST 2024QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSGRADED A+1.What is Starling's Law of Capillary forces? How does thisexplain why a nutritionally deficient child would haveedema?Starling’sLaw describes how fluids move across the capillary membrane.There are two major opposing forces that act to balance each other,hydrostatic pressure (pushing water out of the capillaries) and osmoticpressure (including oncontic pressure, which pushes fluid into the capillaries).Both electrolytes and proteins (oncontic pressure) in the blood affect osmoticpressure, high electrolyte and protein concentrations in the blood would causewater to leave the cells and interstitial space and enter the blood stream todilute the high concentrations. On, the other hand, low electrolyte and proteinconcentrations (as seen in a nutritionally deficient child) would cause water toleave the capillaries and enter the cells and interstitial fluid which can lead toedema.2.How does the RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) result in increased blood volumeand increased blood pressure?A drop in blood pressure is sensed by the kidneys by low perfusion,which in turn begins to secrete renin. Renin then triggers the liver to produceangiotensinogen, which is converted to Angiotensin I in the lungs and thenangiotensin II by the enzyme Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).Angiotensin II stimulates peripheral arterial vasoconstriction which raises BP.Angiotensin II is also stimulating the adrenal gland to release aldosterone,

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