Lab 9 Energy Skate Park

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Student directions Energy SkateParkIntroduction to Conservation of Mechanical Energyhl tp://phet.coh>i~adoAtdu/sinis/litnil/encruy-skate-pai-k/latest/eneruy-skate-parken.hlmlPart ILearning Goals:Students will be able to* Explain the Conservation of Mechanical Energy concept using kinetic andgravitational potential energy.• Design a skate park using the concept of Mechanical energy1.Investigate what affects the skater s path. You should try adding some track, changingshapes or building jumps. (There's no friction on the track)I experimented with adding extra track to create a hill and a loop, and I measuredseveral heights to sec whicn would work best.2.Explain how you could use your investigation to plan a track that is fun, challenging andone that is relatively safe. You might think for example: When does he: fly off an end?make it to the lop a hill? or land a jump?To add excitement and difficulty, the skater began high, descended quickly into a loop, ascended asteep slope, and finished by running down the track to the earth. Because the circle is not too high,they started at a height that is sufficient and they arc moving quickly enough to complete the loop,reach a very high hi IL and safely return to the earth, it will be safe.3.Build a good track and sketch it. Then use the Energy Graphs to study theSkater's energy.•Decide which graphs or chart best helps you understand what makes yourtrack successful-Energy position graph.•Look in your text to find out what the Conservation of Mechanical Energy means andexplain it in your own words.-The principle of conservation of mechanical energy states that the total mechanicalenergy in a system stays constant as long as conservative forces are the only forcesoperating. For example, if there is no friction on the path, the mechanical energy inthe system will remain constant.•Explain why your track is successful in terms of Conservation of MechanicalEnergy. Include drawings of the Chart or Graphs to help explain your reasoning.-Since the track is made to balance the kinetic and potential energies of the item as itgoes through iL it can be seen why it is successful in maintaining mechanical energyconservation. The item accumulates kinetic energy as it descends the track from itshigh potential energy starting point. The item obtains potential energy and loseskinetic energy as it rises once again. If there is no friction in the system, the object'stotal mechanical energy (potential energy plus kinetic energy) stays constant while ittravels along the track. This indicates that the energy acquired when moving anobject from a low position to a high point is equivalent to the energy lost when

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moving the object from a high point to a low point. A fundamental tenet of physics,the conservation of mechanical energy applies to a wide range of systems, includingrollercoasters, A roller coaster track’s capacity to deliver an exhilarating andpleasurable ride frequently depends on how well the designer applies the theory ofconservation of mechanical energy to maintain a balance between potential andkinetic energy throughout the ride.4.Using the Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy, explain what things need to beconsidered when designing any successful track.You must consider the skater's requirements for both kinetic and potential energy, andensure that, even when they fluctuate, they remain equal throughout. Additionally, weneed to guarantee that the overall energy level never changes. To keep the trackenjoyable and safe and to slop any potentially harmful incidents. Additionally, wemust guarantee that the overall energy content never changes, help keep the trackenjoyable and safe while averting any potentially harmful mishaps.

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Part 2[.earning Goals:Students will be able to:•Describe Energy -Pic, -Bar, and -Position Charts from position or selected speeds.1.Explain howrchanging the Skater affects the situations above.2.Explain howrchanging the surface friction affects the situations above.•Predict position or estimate of speed from Energy -PieT-Bar, and -Position Charts•Look at the position of an object and use the Energy -Pic, - Bar. and -Position chartsto predict direction of travel or change in speed.I.Josie made africlionlesshot wheel track thatlooks like the one shown. She placed a red rubberball on the left lop of track at I .a.Make a data table like the one belowb.Fill in the Prediction column by sketchingwhat you think the Pic chart will look like forthe ball al points 1-4.c.Usethe1jx>p Trackwith the Ball Skater totest your ideas and make any adjustmentsPie chartPredictionSimulationExplain differences1Kinetic Energy = 0%Potential Energy =100%Thermal Energy = 0%Kinetic Energy = 0%'Potential Energy =100%Thermal Energy = 0%There is neither kinetic nor thermal energysince there is no motion nor friction. Butbecause the ball is so high up, there is a lot ofpotential energy.2Kinetic Energy = 90%Kinetic Energy = 75%Potential Energy = 10%:Potential Energy = 25%Thermal Energy = 0%Thermal Energy = 0%As the ball travels down the track, its kineticenergy increases, but its potential energydecreases as it approaches the surface. Sincethere is no friction, there is no heat energy.3Kinetic Energy = 55%Kinetic Energy = 50%Potential Energy = 45%:Potential Energy = 50%Thermal Energy = 0%Thermal Energy = 0%Since the ball loses speed as it rises inaltitude, its kinetic energy decreases. Due tothe ball's increased height, potential energyhas increased. Since there is no friction, thereis no heal energy.4Kinetic Energy = 10%Kinetic Energy = 15%Potential Energy = 90%Potcntial Energy = 85%Thermal Energy = 0%Thermal Energy = 0%Because there is less motion, kinetic energyreduced even more, but potential energy rosebecause the ball is higher. Since there is nofriction, there is no heal energy.2.Pretend that Josie can magically change the ball to different things like the simulation can.a.What do you think wrould change about the Pie Charts?With an increase in mass, the kinetic and potential energies wrould drop, and with a reduction inmass, they would rise.b.Explain wrby you think the charts would similar or different.

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When someone had less mass, their kinetic energy rose since there was no additional force torestrict their mobility. When mass increased, kinetic energy decreased because an additional forcewas used to halt forward motion. Due to the possibility that bulk may prevent an item from reachinga great height, the potential energy would change across charts. Lastly, at this time, thermal energydocs not exist.c.Check your reasoning using the simulation and make corrections if necessary.No corrections were necessary.3.Josie has a friend. Phillip that can magically change the friction on the track like the simulation can.a.What do you think would change about the Pic Charts?Kinetic energy would decrease as well as thermal energy would rise. This is due to the additionalforce that friction produces. Additionally, potential energy would drop.b.Explain why you inink the charts would similar or different.Because of the friction, the thermal energy would rise in the pic chart. The ball would slow downdue to the force created by increased friction, resulting in a loss in kinetic energy. Since the ballwouldn't be able to achieve a great height due to the additional friction, potential energy wouldlikewise diminish.c.Cheek your reasoning using the simulation and make corrections if necessary.No corrections were necessary.4.Build a track and sketch it.a.Make a table like the one you did for question I .b.Predict what you think the charts will look like.c.Use the simulation to check your ideas.d.Test your ideas from questions 2 and 3. Make changes to your answers if necessary.Pic chartExplain differencesThere is neither kinetic nor thermal energysince there is no motion nor friction. Butbecause the ball is so high up, there is a lot ofpotential energy.The skater just slid downhill, therefore there isa lot of kinetic energy there, but nearly nopotential energy because there is no heightremaining to fall from. Because the potentialenergy decreased, the thermal energy is alsoreduced.Kinetic and potential energy arc equivalent toone another. This is because the skater istraveling at a high speed down a hill, whichcauses a lot of motion. The rise in kineticenergy led to an increase in thermal energy.Because the skater had been skating down aslope before, there was only a little increase inkinetic energy. Potential energy decreasedsince there was hardly any rise in height.Thermal energy rose as a result of the forceneeded to move uphill.4Kinetic Energy = 50%Kinetic Energy = 47%Potential Energy = 30%;Potential Energy = 20%Thermal Energy = 20% Thermal Energy = 33%'PredictionSimulation1 Kinetic Energy = 10%Kinetic Energy = 5%Potential Energy = 85%;Potential Energy = 95%Thermal Energy = 5%Thermal Energy = 0%2Kinetic Energy = 90%Potential Energy = 5%Thermal Energy = 5%Kinetic Energy = 70%Potential Energy = 20%Thermal Energy = 10%>3Kinetic Energy = 45%Kinetic Energy = 40%Potential Energy = 45%Potential Energy = 40%Thermal Energy = 15% Thermal Energy = 20%

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