WeatheringSE

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Student Exploration: WeatheringVocabulary:abrasion, chemical weathering, clay formation, climate, dissolving, frost wedging,granite, limestone, mechanical weathering, rusting, sandstone, shale, weatheringPrior Knowledge Questions(Do these BEFORE usingthe Gizmo.)Compare the two pictures at right. Both pictures show thesame kind of rock, granite.1.Which rock do you think has been exposed on Earth'ssurface longer? A2.Why do you think so? You can see that not only is wallflat, but you can also see all the layers in the rockGizmo Warm-upWhen rocks are exposed on Earth's surface, they aregradually broken down into soil b y the actions of rain, ice,wind, and living organisms. This process is calledweathering.In the Weathering Gizmo, you will explorehow weathering takes place.To begin, select the SIMULATION tab. Notice the selectedRock type is Granite,a hard, dense rock.1.ClickPlay ( *). Wait for about 5,000 simulated years and clickPause (11).What do younotice? The tops of the rocks have disappeared, forming craters in the rocks2.ClickFastplay ( ** }. Waitfor about 50,000 simulated years. What do you notice? The rockcontinually gets smaller, and forms craters but it's extremely slow.3.Based on your observations, is weathering a fast or slow process? It's a slow process.

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Activity A:Get the Gizmo ready:*Select the ANIMATION tab. Check thatFrostwedgingis selected.TypesofweatheringIntroduction: Mechanical weatheringoccurs when rocks are physically brokenChemical weatheringoccurs when the minerals in the rock are changed by chemical reactions.Question: What are the most common ways in which weathering occurs?1.Observe: Read the text aboutfrost wedging,then clickPlay.A.In the process of frost wedging, how does ice cause cracks in rocks to becomelarger?Thewater expands asitfreezes witch pushestherocks apartinturn crackingthem.B.Is frost wedging more importantina warm or a cold climate? Cold2.Observe: Read about and lookat theanimations for the other major types of weathering:Abrasion, Pressure release, Dissolving, Clay formation,andRustingA.What are three different ways that rocks can be worn down byabrasion?Underneath glaciers / Sand carried by the wind / Sediment in rivers.B.How can a large block of granite form layers like an onion? It can form layers on topcreating a new top multiple times creating layersC.What type of rock is affected bydissolving .and what features result? Rocksinrivers and underground spring which can form canyons.D.How doesclay formationaffect a rock? The rockwillslowly transition into clayE.Which part of a rock will undergorusting ? Themetal inside the rock (Iron)3.Fill in: Scientists use the terms ''oxidation," ' carbonation," "hydrolysis,” and "exfoliation" fordifferent types of weathering. Fill in each blank with the appropriate term.Pressure release: ExfoliationDissolution: CarbonationClay formation: HydrolysisRusting: Oxidation

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