2021 HESI Pharmacology Review Exam With Answers (49 Solved Questions)

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Pharmacology HESI(2021) ReviewQuestions & Answers Best Graded A+A client who is taking an oral dose of tetracycline reportsgastrointestinal upset. Which snack should the nurse instruct the clientto take with the tetracycline?a. Fruit-flavored yogurtb.Toasted wheat bread and jellyc. Cold cereal with skim milkd. Cheese and crackers-Exact Answer:B.The nurse is assessing the eyes of a client who just received mydriaticeye drops. Which physiological function of the eye will not respondduring the therapeutic period after administration of eye drops?a. Refractionb. Eye convergencec.Pupillary constrictiond. Accommodation-Exact Answer:C.A older male client is being discharged after a myocardial infacrtion (MI)and receives a new prescription for atenolol. Which instruction is mostimportant for the nurse to include in her clients teaching plan?

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a. Avoid intake of alcoholic beverages.b. Avoid driving or operating machinery.c. Take a missed dose as soon as possible.d. Standing slowly when getting up from bed-Exact Answer:D.The healthcare provider prescribes vancomycin 500 mg IV every 12hours for a clientwith methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). Review of the client's laboratory values shows that serum peakand trough levels are within the desired therapeutic range and theserum creatinine level is 4.5 mg/dL. Which action should the nurseimplement?a.Withhold the next scheduled dose and contact the healthcareprovider. b. Monitor the laboratory values until all prescribed doseshave been given. c. Administer the next dose and flag the results for thehealthcare provider. d. Insert a secondIV catheter for theadministration of emergency IV fluids.-Exact Answer:A.After taking orlistat for one week, a female client tells the home healthnurse that she is experiencing increasingly frequent oily stools andflatus. Which action should the nurse take? a. Instruct the client toincrease her intake of saturated fats over the next week. b. Obtain astool specimen to evaluate for occult blood and fat content.

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c.Ask the client to describe her dietary intake history for the last severaldays.d. Advise the client to stop taking the drug and contact herhealthcare provider.-Exact Answer:C.6. A client receiving a heparin sodium infusion develops hemoptysis.The nurse reviews the client'slaboratory values to include hemoglobin 8 g/dL and platelet count of50,000/mm3. Vital signs are: oxygen saturation 92% on 50% venturimask, heart rate 130 beats/minute, respiration 32 breaths/minute, andblood pressure 76/50mmHg. Which intervention should the nurseimplement first?a. Obtain consent for a blood transfusion.b.Stop the heparin sodium infusion.c. Titrate Venturi mask oxygen to 60%.d. Administer protamine sulfate.-Exact Answer:B.The nurse is teaching a client with coronary artery disease about anewly prescribed medication, atorvastatin. The client plans to take themedication in the morning with breakfast. Which food choices are bestfor the nurse to recommend that the client should include with themeal? (select all that apply)a. Whole milk.

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b. Low fat yogurt.c. Oatmeal.d. Sliced grapefruit.e. Whole banana.-Exact Answer:C, EA client received succinylcholine, a depolarizing neuromuscular blockingagent during surgery. Which assessment finding is most important forthe nurse to report to the surgeon? a. Observable skin flushing.b.Ventricular tachycardiac. Neck and shoulder paind. Blood pressure 114/72 mm/Hg-Exact Answer:B.A client, who has a myocardial infarction last year, has a dailyprescription for aspirin 325 mg by mouth. Which assessment findingshould alert the nurse to withhold the medication?a. Low prothrombin time.b. High white blood cell count.c. Oral temperature of 97.9 F.d.Low platelet count.-Exact Answer:D.A nurse administered a second dose of an opioid containing codeineand acetaminophen to a client fifteenminutes after a first dose was

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administered by another nurse, because the first dose was notdocumented in the medication record. Which intervention is mostimportant for the nurse to implement?a. Assess the client's pain on a 10 point scale.b. Obtain aserum liver enzyme panel.c. Complete a medication error form.d.Evaluate the client's vital signs.-Exact Answer:D.Azithromycin is prescribed to a client with Chlamydia trachomatis. Inproviding client teaching about the medication, the nurse shouldemphasize the importance of reporting the onset of which symptom tothe healthcare provider?a. Yellow sclera.b. Headache.c. Urinary frequency.d.Flatulence and nausea.-Exact Answer:D.Before administering a newly prescribed dose of terbinafine HCL to aclient with a fungal toenail infection, which assessment finding is mostimportant for the nurse to address? a. White blood cell count of8,500/mm3b. Employed as a construction worker.

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c. Toenails appear thick and yellow.d.Reported history of alcoholism.-Exact Answer:D.The nurse administers naloxone to a client with opioid-inducedrespiratory depression. One hour later, nursing assessment reveals thatthe client has a respiratory rate of 4breaths/minute, oxygen saturationof 75%, and is unable to be aroused. Which action should the nurseimplement?a.Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).b. Prepare to assist with chest tube insertion.c. Administer a second dose of naloxone.d. Determine Glasgow coma scale.-Exact Answer:A.An older adult client with restless legs syndrome begins takingmelatonin at bedtime. When evaluating the effectiveness of the herb,which client assessment should the nurse complete?a.Determine sleep patterns.b.Palpate pedal pulse volume.c. Observe for peripheral edema.d. Assess anxiety level.-Exact Answer:A.

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A client who is newly diagnosed with erosive esophagitis secondary toGERD reports to the home health nurse that there has been only aminimal reduction in symptoms after taking lansoprazole PO for one fullweek. Which action should the nurse take?a. Auscultate the client's bowel sounds and measure abdominal girth.b. Notify the healthcare provider that the client may need a change indosage. c.Advise the client that healing typically takes several weeks tooccur.d. Confirm that the client is taking the medication one hour after meals.-Exact Answer:C.A client recently diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease receives a newprescription for carbidopa levodopa, a dopaminergic drug. To reducethe client's risk for injury, which instruction should the nurse provide?a. Use caution when changing from sitting to standing position.b. Place small rugs on smooth surfaces such as tile or wood floors.c.Ambulate using a four-point cane or a walker with wheels.d. Obtain a hospital bed with side rails and an over-bed trapeze.-ExactAnswer:C.A client diagnosed with myasthenia gravis receives a prescription for theanticholinesterase medication, pyridostigmine. Which intervention

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