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2023 HESI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam With Answers (45 Solved Questions)

2023 HESI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam With Answers helps you develop speed and accuracy with past exam practice.

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    MED SURG FINAL HESI 2023 LA TEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWER A client with a productive cough has obtained a sputum specimen for culture as instructed. What is the best initial nursing action? A. Administer the first dose of antibiotic therapy B. Observe the color, consistency, and amount of sputum C. Encourage the client to consume plenty of warm liquids D. Send the specimen to the lab for analysis - B. Observe the color, consistency, and amount of sputum A client is brought to the ED by ambulance in cardiac arrest with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in progress. The client is intubated and is receiving 100% oxygen per self-inflating (ambu) bag. The nurse determines that the client is cyanotic, cold, and diaphoretic. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain? A. Breath sounds over bilateral lung fields. B. Carotid pulsation during compressions C. Deep tendon reflexes D. Core body temperature - A. Breath sounds over bilateral lung fields. After a hospitalization for Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH), a client develops pontine myselinolysis. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? A. Reorient client to his room B. Place a patch on one eye C. Evaluate client's ability to swallow D. Perform range of motion exercises - A. Reorient client to his room A male client with heart failure (HF) calls the clinic and reports that he cannot put his shoes on because they are too tight. Which additional information should the nurse obtain? A. What time did he take his last medications? B. Has his weight changed in the last several days? C. Is he still able to tighten his belt buckle? D. How many hours did he sleep last night? - B. Has his weight changed in the last several days? An older adult woman with a long history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with progressive shortness of breath and a persistent cough. She is

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    anxious and is complaining of a dry mouth. Which intervention should the nurse implement? A. Administer a prescribed sedative B. Encourage client to drink water C. Apply a high-flow venturi mask D. Assist her to an upright position - D. Assist her to an upright position A client with a history of asthma and bronchitis arrives at the clinic w ith sho rt ness of breath, productive cough with thickened tenacious mucous, and the inability to walk up a flight of stairs without experiencing breathlessness. Which action i s mo st important for the nurse to instruct the client about self-care? A. Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions B. Avoid crowded enclosed areas to reduce pathogen exposure C. Call the clinic if undesirable side effects of mediations occur D. Teach anxiety reduction methods for feeli ngs of su f focation - A. Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions A cardiac catherterization of a client with heart disease indicates the following blockages: 95% proximal left anterior descending (LAD), 99% proximal circumflex, and ? % proximal right coronary artery (RCA). The client later asks the nurse "what does all this mean for me?" What information should the nurse provide? A. Blood supply to the heart is diminished by artherosclerotic lesions, which necessitate lifestyle changes. B. Blood vessels supplying the pumping chamber have blockages ind icating a past heart attack. C. Three main arteries have major blockages, with only 1 to 5% of blood flow getting through to the heart muscle. D. The heart is not receiving enough blood, so there is a risk of hear t failure and fluid retention. - C. Three main arteries have major blockages, with only 1 to 5% of blood flow getting through to the heart muscle. A client who weighs 175 pounds is receiving IV bolus dose of hepari n 80 un its /kg. The heparin is available in a 2 ml vial, labeled 10,000 units/ml. How man y ml should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.) - 0.6 ml What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan of a c lient diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)? A. Sleep without pillows at night to maintain neck alignment. B. Adjust food intake to three full meals per day and no snacks. C. Minimize symptoms by wearing loose, comfortable clothing

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    D. Avoid participation in any aerobic exercise programs - C. Minimiz e sympt o ms by wearing loose, comfortable clothing The nurse is caring for a client with a lower left lobe pulmonary abscess. Which position should the nurse instruct the client to maintain? A. left lateral B. Supine, knees flexed C. Dorsal recumbent D. Knee-chest - A. left lateral A client with cholelithiasis has a gallstone lodged in the common bil e d uc t and is unable to eat or drink without becoming nauseated and vomiting. Which finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider. A. Belching B. Amber urine C. Yellow sclera D. Flatulence - C. Yellow sclera While caring for a client with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (A LS), the nurse perf orm s a neurological assessment every four hours. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse? A. Inappropriate laughter B. Increasing anxiety C. Weakened cough effort D. Asymmetrical weakness - C. Weakened cough effort The nurse is providing preoperative education for a Jewish client scheduled to receive a xenograft graft to promote burn healing. Which information should the nurse provide this client? A. Grafting increases the risk for bacterial inf ection s B. The xenograft is taken from nonhuman sources C. Grafts are later removed by a debriding procedure D. As the burn heals, the graft permanently attaches - B. The xenograft is taken from nonhuman sources A male client who had colon surgery 3 days ago is anxious and requ esting assistan c e to reposition. While the nurse is turning him, the wound dehiscences and e visc erates. The nurse moistens an available sterile dressing and places it over the wound. Wh a t intervention should the nurse implement next? A. Bring additional sterile dressing supplies to the room B. Prepare the client to return to the operating room

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