2023 HESI Pharmacology Practice Exam With Answers (65 Solved Questions)

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HESI Pharmacology Practice ExamGRADED A 2023 100 QUESTIONS ANANSWERSFollowing the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin to aclient experiencing anacute anginal attack, which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that thedesired effect has been achieved?A. Client states chest pain is relievedB. Client's pulse decreases from 120 to 90C. Client's systolic blood pressuredecreases from 180 to 90D. Clients SaO2 level increases from 92% to 96%-CORRECT ANSWERA.nitroglycerin reduces mycocardial oxygen consumption which decreases ischemiaand reduces chest painA client with hyperlipidemia recieves a prescription forniacin (niaspan). whichclient teaching is most important for the nurse to providea. expected duration of flushingb. symptoms of hyperglycemiac. diets that minimize gi irritationd. comfort measure for pruritis-CORRECT ANSWERA. flushing of the face andneck, lasting up to an hour, is a frequent reason for discontinuing niacin. inclusionof this effect in clietn teaching may promote compliance in taking the med.When assessing an adolescent who recently overdosed on acetaminophen(tylonel), it is most important for the nurse to assess for pain in which area of thebody

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a. flankb. abdomenc. chestd. head-CORRECT ANSWERB. acetaminophen toxicisty an result in liverdamage; therefore, it is especially important for the nurse to assess for pain in theright upper quadrant of the abdomen (which might indicated liver damage)A client is admitted to the coronary care unit with a medical diagnosis of acutemyocardial infarction. which medication prescription decreases both preload andafterloada. nitroglycerinb. propranololc. propranolold. captopril-CORRECT ANSWERA. nitroglycerin is a nitrate that causesperipheral vasodilation and decreases contractility, thereby decreasing bothpreload and afterloadA client is being treated for hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil (PTU). Thenurse knows that the action of this drug is toA. decrease the amount of the thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in thebloodB. increase the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the bloodC. increase the amount of T4 and decrease the amount of T3 produced by thethyroidD. inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland-CORRECT ANSWERD. PTUis an adjunct therapy used to control hyperthyroidism by inhibiting production ofthyroid hormones. It is often prescribed in prep for thyroidectomy or radioactiveiodine therapy

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Which change in data indicates to the nurse the desired effect of the angiotensin IIreceptor antagonist has been achievedA. Dependent edema reduced form +3 to +1B. Serum HDL increased from 35 to 55mg/dlC. PUlserate reduced from 150 to 90 beats/minD. Blood pressure reducedf rom 160/90 to 130.80-CORRECT ANSWERD.angiotensin II receptor antagonist (blocker), prescribed from treatment of HTN.The desired effect is a decrease in blood pressure.Which instructions should the nurse give to a female client who just recieved aprescription for oral metronidazole (flagyl) for treatment of trichomonas vaginalis(select all that apply)A. increase fluid intake, especially cranberry juiceB. Do not abruptly discontinue the medication; taper useC. Check blood pressure daily to detect hypertensionD. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medicationE. Use condoms until treatment is completedF. Ensure that all sexual partners are treated at the same time-CORRECTANSWERADEFThe nurse is transcribing a new prescription for spironolactone (aldactone) for aclient who receives an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Which actionshould the nurse implementA. verify both prescriptions with the HCPB. report themed interactions to the nurse managerC. hold the ACE inhibitor and give the new prescription

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D. Transcribe and send the prescription to the pharmacy-CORRECT ANSWERA.the concomitant use of an ACE inhibitor and a potassium-sparing diuretic sucha sspironolactone, should be given with caution b/c the two drugs may interact tocause an elevation in serum potassium levels.A client has myxedema, which results from a deficiency of thyroid hormonesynthesis in adults. The nurse knows that which medication should becontraindicated for this client?A. liothyronine (cytomel) to replace iodineB. Furosemide (Lasix) for relief offluid retentionC. Pentobarbital sodium for sleepD. nitroglycerin for angina pain-CORRECT ANSWERC. persons with myxedemaare dangerously hypersensitive to narcotics, barbiturates, and anesthetics. Theydo not tolerate liothyronine and usually receive iodine replacement therapy.These clients are also suceptable to heart problems such as angina for whichnitroglycerine would be indicated and and congestive heart failure for whichfurosemide would be indicatedA client has a continuous IV infusion ofdopamine and an IV of normal saline at50ml/hour. The nurse noes that the client's urinary output has been 20ml/hourfor the last two hours. Which intervention should the nurse initiate?A. stop the infusion of dopamineB. change the normal saline to a keep open rateC. replace the urinary catheterD. notify the healthcare provider of the urinary output.-CORRECT ANSWERD.A healthcare provider prescrives cephalexin monhydrate (Keflex) for a client with apostoperative infection. It is most important for the nurse to assess for whatadditional drug allergy before administering this prescription?

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A. PenicillinsB. AminoglycosidesC. ErythromycinsD.Sulfonamides-CORRECT ANSWERA. Cross-allergies exist between penicillinsand cephalosporines,such askeflex. so checking for penicillin allergy is a wiseprecautionWhich medications should the nurse caution the client about taking whilereceiving an opioid analgesic?A. Antacids.B. BenzodiasepinesC. AntihypertensivesD. Oral antidiabetics-CORRECTANSWERB. respiratory depression increaseswith the concurrent use of opioid analgesics and other cns depressant agents,such as alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiasepinesWhich nursing diagnosis is important to include in the plan of care for a clientrecieving the angiotensin II receptor antagonist irbesartan (avapro)?A. Fluid volume deficitB.Risk for infectionC. Risk for injuryD. Impaired sleep patterns-CORRECT ANSWERC. Avapro is an antihypertensiveagent, which acts by blocking vasoconstrictor effects at various receptor sites. Thiscan cause hypotension and dizziness, placing the client at high risk for injuryA postoperative client has been recieving a continuous IV infusion of meperidine(demerol) 35mg/hr for four days. The client has a PRN prescription for Demorol

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100mg PO Q3H. The nurse notes that the client has become increasingly restless,irritable and confused, stating that there are bugs all over the walls. What actionshould the nurse take FIRST?A. Administer a PRN dose of the PO meperidine (demorol)B. Administer naloxone (narcan) IV per PRN protocolC. Decrease the IV infusion rate of the demerol perprotocolD. notify the healthcare provider of the clients confusion and hallucinations-CORRECT ANSWERC. The client is exhibiting symptoms of demerol toxicity,which is consistent with the large dose of demerol recieved over four days. C. isthe mosteffective action to immediately decrease the amount of serum demerol.The client with a dysrhythmia is to receive procainamide (pronestyl) in 4 divideddoses over the next 24 hours. What dosing schedule is best for the nurse toimplement?A. q6hB. QIDC. AC and bedtimeD. PC and bedtime-CORRECT ANSWERA. q6hAfter abdominal surgery, a male client is prescribed low molecular weight heparin.during administration of the medication, the client asks the nurse why he isreceiving this medication. Whichis the best response for the nurse to provide.A. This medication is a blood thinner given to prevent blood clot formationB. this medication enhances antibiotics to prevent infectionC. This medication dissolves any glots that develop int he legsD. This abdominal injection assists in the healing of the abdominal wound-CORRECT ANSWERA

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Following heparin treatment for a PE, a client is being discharged with aprescription for warfarin. In conducting discharge teaching, the nurse advises theclient to have which diagnostic test monitored regularly?A. Perfusion scanB. Prothrombin time (PT/INR)C. Activated Partial thromboplastin (APTT)D. Serum Coumadin Level (SCL)-CORRECT ANSWERB. When used for a clientwith PE, the therapeutic goal for wafarin therapy is a PT 1/5 to 2/5 times greaterthan the control or an INR of 2-3. A perfusion might be preformed to monitor lungfunction but not monthly. APTT is monitored for Heparin.A client who has been taking levodopa PO TID to control the symptoms ofParkinsons disease has a new prescription for sustained releaselevodopa/carbidopa (sinemet 25/100 PO BID. The client took his levodopa at0800. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for thisclient?A. take the first dose of sinemet today, as soon as your prescription is filldB. Since you already took your levodopa, wait until tomorrow to take the sinemetC. Take both drugs for the 1st week, then switch to taking only the sinemet.D. You can begin taking the sinemet this evening, but do not take anymorelevodopa-CORRECT ANSWERDWhile taking a nursing history, the client states, "I am allergice to penicillin." whatrelated allergy to another type of anti-infective agent shouldthe nurse ask theclient about when taking nursing history.A. aminoglycosidesB. Cephalosporins

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C. SulfonamidesD. Tetracyclines-CORRECT ANSWERB. Cross allergies exist between penicillinsand cephalosporinsA client asks the nurse if glipizide (Glucotrol) is an oral insulin. Which responseshould the nurse provide?A. Yes it is an oral insulin and has the same actions and properties as intermediateinsulinB. Yes, it is an oral insulin and is distributed, metabolized, and excreted in thesame manner as insulinC. No it is not an oral insulin and can be used only when some beta cell function ispresentD. No, it is not an oral insulin, but it is effective for those who are resistant toinjectable insulins-CORRECT ANSWERCAn adult client has prescriptions for morphine sulfate 2.5 mg IV q6h and ketorlac(toradol) 30mg IV q6h. which action should the nurse implement?A. administer both medications according to the prescriptionB. Hold the ketorolac to prevent an antagonist effectC. Hold the morphine to prevent an additive drug interactionD. Contact the healthcare provider to clarify the prescription-CORRECT ANSWERA. Morphine and ketorolac can be administered concurrently and may produceadditive analgesic effect resulting in ability to reduce the dose of morphine, asseen in this prescriptionThe healthcare provider prescribes digitalis (Digoxin) for a client diagnosed withcongestive heart failure. Which intervention should the nurse implement prior toadminstering the digoxin?

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