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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Document preview page 1

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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions)

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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 1 preview imageHESIA2|ANATOMYANDPHYSIOLOGY| LATEST|QUESTIONSWITHANSWERS2024/2025VERIFIED ANSWERS1.Skinresponsibleforfingerprints?DermalpapillaseMarkelcellsAmectors piliSudoriferousgland2.Whattypeofsynoviajointistheelbow?PivotHingeBall andsocketToddle3.Where is blood produced in infants after birth?HeartchamberRedbonemarrow4.What structure is a ball and socket joint?ElbowAnkleShoulderKnee5.What are macromolecules genetic code carried on?NucleotideChromosomesDNARNA6.Whatcavityofhearthasthethickestwall?RightatriumLeft atriumRight ventricleLeftventricle7.Whatarelikecellsgroupedtogethercalled?MembraneSystem
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 2 preview image
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 3 preview imageOrganTissue8.Which type of skin cancer can be recognized in lesion character based on the ABCDrule?
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 4 preview imageMelanomaBasalcellcaranomaSarcomaSquareallcarcua9.Whatcontributesphagocytesinwhitebloodcells?ERLysosomesVocuoleGolgiappearance10.Whichorganispartofmalereproductivesystemandurinarysystem?EpididermisUreterTestisUrethra11.Whichstructureregulatesthetransportsubstancesinand outofthe cell?CellmembraneCell’s cytoplasmaNucleus membraneCellplasma12.What is function of thrombocytes?Bloodclot13.Which bones are formed by intramembranous ossification?Flatbone70. Where does digestive begin in digesive system?SmallinterestineOral cavityAsophagusSternum14.Urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs are found in which cavity?PelvicAbdominalThoracicPleaure15.Which anatomic structure houses the malleus, inus, and staples?Ear16.Anaerobicrespiratory canleadtoaburningsensationcausedbywhichmolecules?
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 5 preview image18.Whatdocerumnousglandsecretes?EarwaxKeratinMucosOilysebum19.Which muscle of quadriceps famous group lies on the side surface of lower extremity?VastuslegsGastrucremnAnterior tibiaRectusfemur20.Whichstructureislocatedonsternum?XiphoidboneSesamaidboneHyoidboneOssicafied17.Anaerobic respiratory can lead to a burning sensation caused by which molecules?Creatine-phosphateADPATPLactinacid
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 6 preview imageANATOMYANDPHYSIOLOGYQUESTIONS1.Listthebodyplanes.2.Definesection.3.Definesagittalsection.4.Definefrontalsection.5.Definecrosssection.6.Whatistheanatomicposition?7.Whatarethetermsofdirection?8.Definethe termsofdirection.9.Defineproximal.10.Definedistal.11.Whatishistology? Thestudyoftissues12.Definetissue.13.Whatarethe fourfundamentaltissues?14.Definethefourtissues.15.Whatisthe largestorganofthebody?skin16.Whatarethetwolayersoftheskin?Dermis,epidermis17.Definethelayers.18.Definemelanin.19.Whatdoesthebodyframeworkconsistof?20.Whatarethefunctionsoftheskeletalsystem?21.Namethetypesofbones.22.Whatareosteoblasts?23.Howmanybonesdoestheaxial skeleton consistof?24.Whatdoestheappendicularskeletonconsistof?25.Whatmustbepresentforamusclecelltocontract?26.Whattypeofmusclesmakeup themuscularsystem?27.Whatdoesthe nervoussystemconsistof?28.Whatarethetwoparts ofthenervoussystem?29.List and definethemajorpartsofthebrain?30.Whatisthefunctionoftheendocrinesystem?31.Definehormones.32.Whatdoes wholeblood consistof?33.Whatisthesmallestartery?34.Whereisrespiration controlled?35.Whatisthefunctionoftherespiratorysystem?36.Whatisthealimentarycanal?37.Whatdoesthedigestivesystem consist of?38.Definebolus.39.Definechime.40.Whatarethepartsoftheurinarysystem?
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 7 preview image41.Whatisthefunctionofthekidneys?42.Whatisthefunctionoftheureters?43.Whatdoes theurinarybladderdo?44.Whatisthefunctionoftheurethra?Emptyurine45.Whatarethemalesexorgans?testes46.Whatarethefemalesexorgans?ovaries47.Whatisthefunctionofthemaleandfemale sexorgans?Producehormones
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 8 preview imageC.D.growthhormoneglucocorticoids2.A.B.C.D.Whichstructurecontrols thehormonessecretedbythepituitarygland?hypothalamusadrenalglandtestespancreas3.Howmuchofafemale’sbloodvolumeiscomposedofredbloodcells?A.10%B.25%C.40%D.70%4.A.B.C.D.Whichtypeofcholesterol isconsidered to bethebest forhealth?LDLHDLVLDLVHDL5.Wherearethevocalcordslocated?AnatomyandPhysiology1.Whichofthefollowinghormonesdecreasestheconcentrationofbloodglucose?A.insulinB.glucagonA.bronchiB.trachea
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 9 preview imageC.larynxD.epiglottis6.Wheredoesgas exchangeoccurin thehuman body?A.alveoliB.bronchiC.larynxD.pharynx7.Whatmineral isresponsibleformusclecontractions?A.ChlorideB.SodiumC.CalciumD.Magnesium8.In which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductiveorgans befound?A.ThoraciccavityB.MediastinumC.AbdominalcavityD.Pelviccavity9.Whatseparatesthethoraciccavityfromtheabdominalcavity?A.DiaphragmB.MediastinumC.LiverD.Lungs
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 10 preview imageD.Simplecolumnarepitheliumsecretionor absorption11.Atissueexaminedunder themicroscopeexhibitsthefollowingcharacteristics:cellsfoundoninternal surface ofstomach,no extracellularmatrix,cells talland thin, nobloodvesselsinthetissue.Whattype oftissueisthis?A.B.C.D.E.EpithelialConnectiveMuscleCartilageNervous12.Nervetissueiscomposedofneuronsand connectivetissuecellsthat arereferredtoaswhichofthefollowing?A.B.C.D.OsteoblastsNeurogliaOsteocytesArterioles13.Whichtissueservesastheframeworkofthebodyby providingsupport andstructurefortheorgans?A.B.C.D.EpithelialConnectiveNervousMuscle10.Whichofthefollowingepithelial typesiscorrectlymatchedwith itsmajorfunction?A.SimplesquamousepitheliumsecretionorabsorptionB.StratifiedsquamousepitheliumchangesshapewhenstretchedC.Stratifiedsquamousepitheliumdiffusion
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 11 preview image14.Whatisthebasic unitof lifeandthebuildingblock oftissuesand organs?A.AtomB.OrganelleC.CellD.DNA15.What is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveolicalled?A.ExternalrespirationB.InternalrespirationC.InhalationD.Cellularrespiration16.Inorderforinhalationtooccur, whatmusthappen?A.Contraction of the diaphragm, which decreases the volume of the chest cavity and drawsairintothelungsB.Contraction of the diaphragm, which enlarges the chest cavity and draws air into thelungsC.Recoil ofthelungsastherespiratorymusclescontract,andthethoraxdecreasesinsizeD.Recoil ofthelungs astherespiratorymusclesrelax,and thethoraxdecreases insize17.Mostof thecarbon dioxideintheblooddoes which of thefollowing?A.Itiscarriedinsolutionorboundtobloodproteins.B.Itiscarriedonhemoglobin.C.Itisconvertedtobicarbonateionsbycarbonicanhydrasewithin redbloodcells.D.It isconvertedtobicarbonateionsbycarbonicanhydrasewithintheplasma.18.Howdoes the trachea remainopen likeahollowtube?A.Airpressureinsidekeepsitopen.
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 12 preview imageB.Supportingcartilaginousrings keepitopen.C.Itisreinforcedwithbone thatcannotcollapse.D.Specialmusclesareworkingtokeepthetrachea open.19.Thestomach musclechurnsandmixesfood,turning themassintoasoupysubstancecalledwhichofthefollowing?A.BolusB.BileC.ChymeD.Feces20.Whichtypeofcell divisiontakesplaceinthegonads?A.MitosisB.MeiosisC.BinaryfissionD.Asexualdivision21.In whatareaofthebodywouldyouexpecttofindanespeciallythick stratumcorneum?A.BackofthehandB.HeelofthefootC.AbdomenD.Overtheshin22.Whichofthefollowingproteinsisproducedbycartilage?A.actinB.estrogenC.collagenD.myosin
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 13 preview image23.Whichcomponent ofthenervoussystemisresponsibleforlowering theheart rate?A.centralnervoussystemB.sympatheticnervoussystemC.parasympatheticnervoussystemD.distalnervoussystem24.Whichtypeofsubstancebreaksdownto formurea?A.lipidB.proteinC.carbohydrateD.iron25.Whatis thename forajointthatcan onlymoveintwodirections?A.hingeB.insertionC.ballandsocketD.flange26.Inwhichofthefollowing muscletypesarethefilamentsarrangedinadisorderlymanner?A.cardiacB.smoothC.skeletalD.rough27.Whataretheglandsofskin thatproduceathin,waterysecretion?A.SebaceousglandsB.EccrineglandsC.Apocrineglands
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 14 preview imageD.Endocrineglands28.Skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body by participating intheproductionofwhichof the following?A.SebumD.AdiposetissueB.C.D.KeratinVitaminAVitaminD29.A.B.C.D.Whichofthefollowingarefunctions oftheskeletalsystem?(Select all thatapply.)SupportthebodyHemopoiesisConduct impulsesProvideprotection30.Theorthopedic surgeoninforms youthatyouhavebrokenthemiddleregionofthehumerus.Whatishedescribing?A.B.C.D.EpiphysisArticularcartilagePerichondriumDiaphysis31.Youhavebeengiven asampleoftissuethathasopenspacespartially filledbyanassemblageofneedlelikestructures.What is thetissue?A.B.C.SpongyboneCompactboneCartilage
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 15 preview image32.Thehearthasanintrinsicbeatthat isinitiated bywhich ofthefollowing?A.SemilunarvalveB.BicuspidvalveC.TricuspidvalveD.Sinoatrialnode33.Vasodilationandvasoconstriction result fromwhichofthefollowing?A.ContractionofsmoothmuscleinthearterialwallB.Relaxationofsmooth muscleinthearterialwallC.RelaxationandcontractionofsmoothmuscleinthearterialwallD.Contractionandrelaxationofsmoothmuscleinthevenouswall34.Whichofthefollowingis thebloodvesselwhereexchangestakeplace betweenbloodandthe cells ofthebody?A.ArteryB.VeinC.CapillaryD.Arteriole35.Whatisthefunctionofaldosterone?A.Itconvertsproinsulintoinsulin.B.Itconservessodium inthebody.C.Itprotectsagainst stress.D.Itaffectsheat production.36.Allthenutrients that enterthehepaticportal veinarerouted wherefordecontamination?A.KidneyB.PancreasC.Spleen
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 16 preview imageD.Liver37.Whichofthefollowingbones is theonlymoveableboneoftheskull?A.MaxillaB.ZygomaticC.LacrimalD.Mandible38.A.B.C.D.Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the body?ChlorideSodiumCalciumMagnesium39.A.B.C.D.Whyareskeletalmusclesalsocalledvoluntarymuscles?Theyareunderconsciouscontrol.They are attached to the skeleton.TheyuseATPtoenergizecontraction.Theyarestriatedinappearance.40.All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses overwhich of thefollowing?A.NeurogliaB.EfferentpathwaysC.AfferentpathwaysD.Neurons41.MotororneuronstransmitnerveimpulsesawayfromtheCNS.A.Afferent
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 17 preview imageB.EfferentC.CentralD.Peripheral42.Jefferyhascontracted bulbarpoliomyelitis,andithasaffectedthemedullaoblongata.The doctors warned the family that his condition is grave and death may be imminent. Whatfunctionsofthemedullaoblongatahavewarrantedsuchadireprognosis?A.Themedullaoblongatacontainsvitalcentersthatcontrolheartaction,bloodvesseldiameter,and respiration.B.Themedullaoblongatacontainsneuralconnectionsofthereticular-activatingsystem.C.Themedullaoblongatacontainsthepinealgland,whichcontrols thevitalcenters.D.Themedullaoblongatacontainsthecorporaquadrigemina,whichcontrolstheneuraltransmissionofimpulses alongthespinalcord.43.What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism ofspecifictargetcellscalled?A.HormonesB.NeuronsC.GlandsD.Secondmessengers44.Whichofthefollowingaretropichormones?(Select all thatapply.)A.SomatotropinB.Follicle-stimulatinghormoneC.AntidiuretichormoneD.Thyroid-stimulatinghormone45.Whichleukocytesarecorrectlymatchedwith theirfunctionordescription?(Selectallthatapply.)A.Monocytesbecomemacrophages
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 18 preview imageB.Basophilsthemost common typeofWBCC.LymphocytesimportantinimmuneresponseD.Neutrophilsphagocytizemicroorganisms46.Whicharethefunctionalunitsof thekidney?A.UretersB.GlomeruliC.NephronsD.Renalcapsules47.Whatarethetwofunctions ofthemaleandfemalesex organs?A.ProductionofallcellsandproductionofhormonesB.ProductionofinterstitialcellsandproductionofhormonesC.Productionofgametesand productionofhormonesD.Productionofgametesand productionofinterstitialcells48.Inmen,spermatozoa developwithintheofeachtestis.A.SeminiferoustubulesB.VasdeferensC.EjaculatoryductsD.Bulbourethralglands49.Testicularactivityisunderthecontrolofwhichhormone(s)?A.FSHB.LHC.GHD.BothFSHandLH
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 19 preview image50.Whichhormoneinitiates thepreparationofthe endometriumoftheuterus forpregnancy?A.FSHB.EstrogenC.LHD.Progesterone51.During pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the endometrium andpreparethebreasts formilkproduction?A.PlacentaB.UterusC.CervixD.Corpusluteum52.Whatisthenameofthestructurethatpreventsfoodfromenteringtheairway?A.tracheaB.esophagusC.diaphragmD.epiglottis53.Whichsubstancemakesup thepadsthatprovidesupportbetweenthevertebrae?A.boneB.cartilageC.tendonD.fat54.Howmany differenttypes oftissuearetherein thehumanbody?A.fourB.sixC.eight
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 20 preview imageD.ten55.Whatisthename oftheoutermostlayerofskin?A.dermisB.epidermisC.subcutaneoustissueD.hypodermis56.Whichhormonestimulatesmilkproductioninthebreastsduringlactation?A.norepinephrineB.antidiuretichormoneC.prolactinD.oxytocin57.Whichofthefollowingstructureshasthelowestbloodpressure?A.arteriesB.arterioleC.venuleD.vein58.Whichoftheheartchambersis themost muscular?A.leftatriumB.rightatriumC.leftventricleD.rightventricle59.Whichpartofthe braininterpretssensoryinformation?A.cerebrum
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 21 preview imageB.hindbrainC.cerebellumD.medullaoblongata60.Howmuchairdoesanadult inhaleinanaveragebreath?A.500mLB.750mLC.1000mLD.1250mL61.Whichtypeofcell secretesantibodies?A.bacterialcellB.viralcellC.lymphcellD.plasmacells62.Whichforcemotivatesfiltrationinthekidneys?A.osmosisB.smoothmusclecontractionC.peristalsisD.bloodpressure63.Which structure of the nervous system carries action potential in the direction of asynapse?A.cellbodyB.axonC.neuronD.myelin
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 22 preview imageD.brain65.Whatisthenameoftheprocessin thelungsbywhich oxygenistransportedfromtheairtotheblood?A.B.C.D.osmosisdiffusiondissipationreverseosmosis64.Whereistheparathyroid glandlocated?A.neckB.backC.side
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 23 preview imageANATOMYAND PHYSIOLOGY1.The pulse point located behind the knee is palpated over which artery?Popliteal2.PartofthebodyFacingforward-Anterior3.……ABCDofcancer?Melanoma{Themostdangerousform ofskincancer}4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribeendocrineglands?Theysecretechemicalsinto theblood5.Whichorgan is partofboth themalereproductivesystem &theurinarysystem?Urethra6.Anaerobic respiration can lead to a burning sensation caused by which molecule?Lacticacid7.When assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian in the nurse notesthat she has an unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten largeamountof:Carrotandsquash8.Which hand position describes an anatomical position of a person who is standing erectwithfeet forward?Palmsofthehandfacinganteriorly9.Whatarelikecellsgroupedtogethercalled?A tissue10.Whattypeofsynovialjointistheelbow?Hinge11.Which structure is a ball and socket joint?Shoulder12.Whatarefingerprintsmadeof?FrictionRidges13.Whatarelikecellsgroupedtogethercalled?Tissue14.Whichisthe largest chamberoftheheart?LeftVentricle15.Membranethat linesbodycavitiesthat opentheexterior of thebodyis
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 24 preview imageMucousmembrane(insideofthebodycavity-serousmembrane)16.Whichmuscleofthequadriceps femorisgrouplieson theslidesurfaceofthelowerextremity?Vastuslateralis17.Whichstructureislocated onthesternum?Xiphoidprocess18.What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?IncreasedCardiacoutput19.Wheredoesdigestionbegininthedigestivesystem?Oralcavity/Mouth20.Whichcell structureregulatesthetransportationofsubstancesin andoutthecell?Cellmembrane21.TheMalleus,Incus,andStapesarelocatedinwhichpartofthebody?Ear22.Whatisthefunctionofthethrombocytes(platelets)?Playroleinbloodclotting23.Whatistheresponseofcellsinthecollectingtubulesinthenephronswhenantidiuretichormone(ADH)issecreted?Waterisreabsorbedfromtheurinaryfiltrate24.WhatisthefunctionofGolgibody/apparatus inthehumancell?Processproteinsecretion.synthesizecarbsandglycoproteins25.4stepsinBoneformation:Hematoma(inflammation)-callusformation-ossification-remodeling.26.Whichlobeofthebrainisresponsibleforauditoryfunctioning?Temporallobe27.When water molecules move across cell membrane from high to low concentration thisprocessis called?Osmosis28.Facilitatestherecognitionofgeneticcodeonmacromolecules?DNA29.What plane divides the body from left to right?Sagittalplane
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2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions) - Page 25 preview image30.Aqueoushumoriswateryfluidin whichpart ofthebody?EyeA&PVersion1and2-MIX1.What are the chemical substances that prevent a sharp change in the pH of a fluidwhenanacidorabaseisadded toit?Buffer2.WhatdoT-lymphocytesdo?Defendthebodyagainstmicrobes3.WhichstructureproducesT-lymphocytes?Thymus4.WhichstructureproducesB-lymphocytes?Redbonemarrow5.WhatisthefunctionofEustachiantube?Equilibratespressurebetweenthemiddleearandexternal environment6.What physiological response occurs when epinephrine and non-ephedrine-Bloodisdirectedtowardtheheart,skeletalmusclesandbrain.7.Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory system?Pharynx(throat). It includes nose (nostrils), nasal cavity, mouth, and larynx(voicebox).8.ThestructureinthelowerRS includes:Trachea,primarybronchiandlungs.9.Calcaneusislocatedinwhat partofthebody?Foot10.Dorsiflexionplantarflexionaretypesofjointmovementthatareassociatedwithwhichpartofthebody?Foot11.Apersonwho hasdamagetotheirulnarnervewillhavedecreasedsensation in whicharea?Arminabilitytoabducthandsandfingers12.Theankle isdistaltotheknee13.Posteriormeanswhat partofthebody?
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