Skip to content
Past Exams

2024-2025 HESI Milestone Exam 1 with Answers (162 Solved Questions)

2024-2025 HESI Milestone Exam 1 with Answers is the perfect way to get a feel for your upcoming test.

Preview 8 of 26 pages

See the first 8 pages exactly as they appear in the document.

  1. Page 1
    Read page 1 as text

    HESI Milestone Exam #1 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024/2025 Histamine1 blockers action(mine, zine, dine) bind selectively to H1 - histaminic receptors, blocking the actions of histamine at these sites H1 antagonists are useful in treating - mild allergies(seasonal rhinitis) - severe allergies(anaphylaxis) - motion sickness - insomnia - common cold Histamine (H2) - Receptor Antagonists action(tidine) block the H2 receptors responsible for stimulating the secret ion of gastric acid Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia - can occur right after meals - for severe hypoglycemia give IV dextrose Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia teaching - teach about s/s of hypoglycemia(cold and clammy give them candy) - have glucagon emergency k it available - regular monitoring of A1c levels are required

  2. Page 2
  3. Page 3
    Read page 3 as text

    Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia causes - insulin overdose - reduced food intake - vomiting and diarrhea - excessive alcohol intake - unaccustomed exercise - termination of pregnancy signs and symptoms o f hypoglycemia - tachycardia - palpitations - sweating - nervousness - headache - confusion - drowsiness - fatigue antitussives therapeutic action is to Act on the cough control center in the medulla to suppress the cough reflex; used for a cough that is nonproductive and irritating Anaphylaxis ‐ PCN - laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe hypotension= immediate hypersensitivity reaction Anaphylaxis tr eatment epinephrine (subQ, IM, or IV) plus respiratory support

  4. Page 4
    Read page 4 as text

    What drugs are effective and safe alternatives for patients with penicillin allergies? vancomycin, erythromycin, and clindamycin To ensure prompt treatment if anaphylaxis should develop patient s should be? observed for at least 30 minutes after drug injection (i.e., until the risk of an anaphylactic reaction has passed). To minimize the chances of an anaphylactic reaction, penicillin should be administered an initial small dose is followed at 60 - minute intervals by progressively larger doses until the full therapeutic dose has been achieved Morphine overdose treatment - Naloxone (narcan) - Intravenous, IM, and subQ. For initial treatment, administer IV CT ‐ diarrhea ‐ action - decrease intestinal motili ty and thereby slow intestinal transit, which allows more time for absorption of fluid and electrolytes - activation of opioid receptors decreases secretion of fluid into the small intestine and increases absorption of fluid and salt. ACE inhibitor ‐ hyperkal emia - Inhibition of aldosterone release (secondary to inhibition of angiotensin II production) can cause potassium retention by the kidney. - significant potassium accumulation is limited to patients taking potassium supplements, salt substitutes (which con tain potassium), or a potassium - sparing diuretic. Leukotrienes ‐ teaching

  5. Page 5
    Read page 5 as text

    1. To take medication 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals 2. To increase fluid intake 3. Not to discontinue the medication and to take it as prescribed, even during symptom - free perio d Methadone therapeutic use Relief or prevention of moderate to severe pain while causing minimal respiratory depression, constipation, urinary retention, and other adverse effects. methadone pain assessment - Assess pain before administration and 1 hour la ter - Determine the location, time of onset, and quality of pain (e.g., sharp, stabbing, dull) - assess for psychologic factors that can lower pain threshold (anxiety, depression, fear, anger) methadone is given Oral, IM, IV, subQ, rectal, epidural, intrathe cal, transdermal (fentanyl), and transmucosal (fentanyl) Methadone assess for - QT prolongation(dyshythmias) - overdose - respiratory depression - substance abuse - withdrawal symptoms Methadone is used as a replacement medication for opiate dependence and to facilitate withdrawal When starting a patient on ACE inhibitors monitor what?

  6. Page 6
    Read page 6 as text

    blood pressure closely for 2 hours after the first dose and periodically thereafter. a major side effect of alpha blocker(os in) is what? orthostatic hypotension diclofenac does what to the liver? cause severe injury while taking diclofenac patients should? - have periodic liver functions tests - monitor and report for signs of liver damage(jaundice, fatigue, nausea) calcium chann el blockers toxicity signs - severe hypotension - cardiac - toxicity(bradycardia and av block) - ventricular tachydhythmias Managing Acute Toxicity in calcium channel blockers - gastric lavage followed by activated charcoal - Give IV calcium to help counteract ex cessive vasodilation and reduced myocardial contractility - To raise blood pressure, give IV norepinephrine - Iv Fluids and Trendelenburg's position - atropine and glucagon to reverse bradycardia and AV block Calcium Channel Blockers medications - nifedipine ( Adalat, Procardia) - amlodipine (Norvasc) - verapamil (Calan) - diltiazem (Cardizem)

  7. Page 7
    Read page 7 as text

    NSAIDS medications - Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) - Indomethacin (Indocin) - usually used for GOUT - Naproxen (Aleve, Naproxyn) - COX - 2 - Inhibitors: Celecoxib (Celebrex) Avoid takin g calcium channel blockers with - digoxin(increases risk of partial or complete AV block) - beta blockers(bradicardia,av block, heart failure) - grapefruit juice NSAIDs should be used with extreme caution by - pregnant women - peptic ulcer disease - bleeding dis orders - anticoagulants - glucocorticoids - ACE inhibitors - ARBS NSAID administration teaching - take with food, milk or a glass of water - do not crush or chew enteric - coated or sustained release formulations - discard aspirin preparations that smell like vineg ar NSAIDs should be avoided in _________ Children with chickenpox or influenza to prevent Reye's syndrome NSAIDs with caution in patients with

  8. Page 8
    Read page 8 as text

    - advanced age - previous intolerance to NSAIDs - heavy cigarette smoking - history of alcoholism Aspirin toxicity tr eatment - sponging with tepid water for external cooling - infusion of fluids - bicarbonate as reversal - mechanical ventilation A high risk of toxicity exists if the client is taking ibuprofen concurrently with Calcium channel blocker Eyedrops Administration teaching - Semi prone position - wash hands before and after administration - pull down and place in conjunctival fornix - do not allow the tip of bottle to touch eye Enema Prep - reinforce misconceptions and concerns - explain procedure and what to expect - provide privacy - position in left side knee chest position - give at room temperature - solution must be retain to be effective - hang 12 - 18 inch above rectum resiudal volume

18 more pages in the full document

Unlock it once and it stays in your library, ready to chat with or turn into flashcards.

Unlock the full document

More Health Education Systems, Inc. study materials

See all

Study this document with CramX

Once it is in your library, every tool can work from it.