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KAPLAN Fundamentals Practice Exam with Answers (75 Solved Questions)

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    KAPLAN FUNDAMENTALS I, II. 1. Which of the followings actions, if performed by the nurse, would illustrate breach in basic health care ethics? o Reporting a colleague who is late to work to the nurse manager. o Writing a personal nursing story for 3 popular nursing journal. o Discussing a patient’s history with a friend who works in the lab. o Asking a nursing assistant to leave her assignment to help you turn a patient. 2. The nurse is planning care for a patient who is to receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following nursing actions should be included in the immediate plan?. o Teach the patient to test the urine for metabolites. o Stop the infusion rate during periods of patient activity. o Test the patient blood glucose every 4 to 6 hours. o Place the patient on high fiber diet. 3. The best way for the nurse to verify the placement of an NG tube in a patient is to: o Invert the tube in a cup of sterile saline. o Check the PH of aspirated stomach contents. o Inject air and listen for a swoosh. o Palpate the end of the tube in the patient’s abdomen. 4. The nurse is observing a nursing assistant provide an intermittent tube feeding to a patient with a large bore NG tube. Which of the following reservations would require an intervention by the nurse?.

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    o The end of the NG tube is plugged while the nursing assistant gathers the equipment. o The barrel of the syringe is filled with the formula before the tube is unclamped. o The plunger of the syringe is pushed to deliver the formula to the stomach. o The tube is clamped before the barrel of the syringe is removed from the end. 5. The nurse assesses a 24-year-old client’s apical pulse to be 100 and irregular. What is the NEXT action the nurse should take? o Ask the physician on call to see the client. o Wait five minutes and then retake the client’s apical pulse. o Take the client’s apical-radial pulses and assess the difference in rates. o Ask the client’s if the pulse is usually regular. 6. To remove a fecal impaction from a 86-year-old patient, it is MOST important for the nurse to: o Position the patient prone with his head turned to the left side. o Remove the entire fecal mass at one time. o Provide an analgesic before the procedure. o Periodically assess the patient’s heart rate during the procedure. 7. To administer a soap-suds enema to an adult before abdominal surgery, the nurse should : o fill the container with cold water to soother the intestinal mucosa. o Insert the tip for the rectal tube 1-2 inches into the rectum. o Raise the fluid container 12-18 inch above the patient’s anus. o Remove and replace the rectal tube several times during the procedure.

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    8. Which of the followings symptoms would indicate to the nurse that a 6-year- old girl needs to be suctioned? o The patient is drooling(babeando). o The patient is hoarse(ronco) when she talks. o The patient complains of a sore throat(dolor de garganta). o The patient’s lips are chapped(agrietados). 9. A client who has been placed on a low-fat diet asks the nurse for the best choice among these foods. The nurse should select: o Chicken noodle and apple juice. o Macaroni and cheese and iced tea. o Cooked oatmeal with whole milk and black coffee. o Whole wheat toast and orange juice. 10. On the way to work. The nurse encounters a school bus that has just hit a tree. The driver is unhurt but several children are bruised and bleeding. After calling the emergency number, the nurse’s BEST course of action is to: o Talk to the children to keep calm until the paramedics arrive to initiate care. o Administer first aid to the most injured children and direct the driver to handle the unhurt children. o Run to the nearest occupied building for help, or stop another car on the road and ask for volunteers. o Make sure no one is in immediate danger then drive to work and check on the accident victims during break. 11. To place a 67-year-old patient who is immobile on a bedpan the nurse should:

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    o Raise(elevar) the head of the patient’s bed 60 degrees. o Remove all the top linen from the patient bed. o Position the bedpan with the open rim facing the foot of the head. o Lift(levanter) the patient onto the center of the bedpan. 12.The nurse is teaching a client about a bone narrow biopsy. The client asks the nurse where the biopsy will be done. Which of the following is the BEST response by the nurse? o The doctor decides the location based on personal preference. o The location will depend on how you can tolerate remaining in fixed position. o A small chip from the end your leg bone will be removed o A sample of the marrow(medulla osea) will be taken from your hip. 13. The nurse is teaching a client about a low-residue diet. The nurse knows that further teaching is necessary if the client selects which of the following loods? o Whole milk. o Corn on the cob. o Egg custard(flan de huevo) o mashed potatoes. 14. Nurse is preparing to change the dressing on an infected abdominal wound for a patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis. The nurse should wear: o A surgical mask, gloves and shoe covers. o A face shield, gown and gloves. o A hair net, gown and eye guard. o The particulate mask, gown, and gloves.

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    15. The nurse is assisting a left-handed patient who has paralysis of the right side due to a cerebrovascular accident(CVA). The nurse should perform which of the following actions? o Place a bib around the patient’s neck. o Encourage(alentar) the patient’s family to feed him. o Cut the patient’s food into small pieces. o Add additional milk to the patient pudding. 16. The nurse observes a patient using an incentive spirometer. Which of the following observations would cause the nurse to intervene. o The patient is sitting in a chair at the bedside. o The patient’s lips completely cover the mouthpiece. o The patient inhales rapidly. o The patient exhales slowly. 17. The nurse is preparing to move a patient with right-sided paralysis from the bed to the wheelchair. It is MOST important for the nurse do: o Place the wheelchair on the left side of the patient’s bed. o Wear a transfer belt for the patient to grab. o Move the patient from the right side to the left side. o Apply a sling to the patient’s left arm before the transfer.

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