Test Bank For Emergency Care, 12th Edition

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1Test Questions for Appendix B,Emergency Care, 12thEditionCorrelation(Note: all references are to pages in Appendix B,Emergency Care, 12thEdition)1.To determine whether or not a child has a pulse, you would assess the __________artery.a.Carotid (p.1130)b.Femoralc.Radiald.Brachial2.As you attempt to ventilate your patient,the first breath is unsuccessful. Your next stepwould be to:a.Reposition the head.(p.1128, Table B-2)b.Assess the brachial pulse.c.Assess the carotid pulse.d.Begin chest compressions.3.When performing CPR, what is the rate of chest compressions per minute for an adultpatient?a.At least 80b.At least 90c.At least 100 (p.1135, Table B-3)d.1204.The compression-to-ventilation ratio for a newborn is:a.3:1.(p.1135, Table B-3)b.30:2.c.15:2.d.5:1.5.When performing two-person CPR on an infant, the correct compression-to-ventilationratio is:a.30:2.b.5:1.c.3:1.d.15:2.(p.1135, Table B-3)

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26.Do not perform finger sweeps on unresponsive victims with a foreign body airwayobstruction:a.Because the patient maybite.b.Unless your gloves are sterile.c.Unless the object is visible.(p.1138, Table B-4)d.Because the patient may cough.7.The rate of compressions for a newborn in cardiac arrest is:a.100 per minute.b.60 per minute.c.80 per minute.d.120 per minute.(p.1135,Table B-3)8.To prevent fatigue while performing CPR,you should switch positions with your partner:a.Every five cycles of CPR.(p.113, Scan B-3)b.Every minute.c.Each time you deliver a shock.d.Each time you ventilate.9.Which of the following is considered asign of life?a.Gasping breathsb.Wheezing (p.1124, Table B-1)c.Pulselessnessd.Breathlessness10.The depth of compressions when performing CPR on an adult is:a.1 to 1½inches.b.½–¾inch.c.At least 2 inches.(p. 1135, Table B-3)d.¾–1 inch.11.Which of the following describes thefirstaction you would take when encountering aperson who has collapsed?a.Determine ifthepatient has an airwayb.Determine ifthepatient has a pulsec.Determine ifthepatient is unresponsive (p.1124)d.Determine ifthepatient is breathing

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312.What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio when performingtwo-person CPR on achild?a.15:2 (p.1135, Table B-3)b.30:2c.15:1d.30:113.The ratio of compressions to ventilations for single-rescuer CPR for adult, child, andinfant patients is:a.1 compression:6 ventilationsb.2 compressions:15 ventilationsc.15 compressions:2 ventilationsd.30 compressions:2 ventilations (p.1135, Table B-3)14.Most common airway obstructions are caused by:a.Dentures.b.Vomitus.c.Broken teeth.d.The tongue.(p.1126)15.For an unresponsive patient less than1year of age,you would check for a pulse at the:a.Carotid artery.b.Femoral artery.c.Brachial artery.(p.1125)d.Radial artery.16.When performing CPR on a child,you should usethe:a.Tips ofthemiddle and ring fingers.b.Heel of one or two hands.(p.1133)c.Thumbs of both hands.d.Index finger.17.What is the preferred method of performing CPR on an infant when two rescuers arepresent?a.Heel of one handb.Heel of both handsc.Two-thumb–encirclinghandstechnique (p.1134, Scan B-4)d.Index fingers18.When ventilating a patient,itisimportant to avoid gastric distention. The best way toavoid gastric distention or makeit worse if it develops isto:a.Deliver breaths that are enough to cause the chest to rise.(p.1130)b.Deliver forceful breaths.c.Deliver quick breaths.d.Deliver deep breaths.

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419.As you are performing rescue breathing on a patient with no spinal injury,you notice thatthe person is resuming adequate breathing. Inwhich position would you place thisperson?a.Recovery position (p.1130)b.Supine positionc.Pronepositiond.Shock position20.In order to minimize a delay in beginning compressions for a person in suspected cardiacarrest,you should:a.Open the airway while determining unresponsiveness.b.Look, listen, and feel for breathing.c.Look for signs of breathing while checking for a pulse.(p.1125)d.Immediately begin chest compressions.21.You are on location with an adult patient with a known cardiac history. You have alreadydetermined that the patient is unresponsive. What would your next step be?a.Open the airwayb.Place the patient in the recovery positionc.Check for a carotid pulse (p.1125)d.Look, listen,and feel for breathing22.What is the ventilation rate when performing rescue breathing for a child?a.10–12 breaths per minuteb.12–20 breaths per minute (p.1128, TableB-2)c.15–30 breaths per minuted.25–50 breaths per minute23.For the purposes of CPR, a child is defined as a person who is:a.Less than1year of age.b.Age 1 to puberty.(p.1132)c.Age 1 to age 8.d.Age 1 to age 17.24.Despite your best efforts to help, a child with aknown airway obstruction has becomeunresponsive. You should next:a.Perform abdominal thrusts.b.Open the airway and attempt to ventilate.(p.1138, Table B-4)c.Perform back blows.d.Ventilate the patient.

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525.You have assessed a patient who is unresponsive in his bed and have determined that heis in cardiac arrest. In order to perform CPR,you should:a.Place the patient in a supine position on a hard surface.(p.1133)b.Leave him on the bed.c.Place the patient in the recovery position.d.Elevate his legs.

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Chapter1—Introduction to Emergency Medical CareSelect theBESTanswer to the following multiple-‐choice questions.1.You and another new EMT are studying your local protocols. The other EMT noticesthat you may give oral glucose without utilizing on-line medical control, but you must getan on-line order from a physician before assisting a patient in taking his nitroglycerin forchest pain. The EMT asks you why some drugs require on-line medical control whileothers do not. What is the best answer to give him?A.Glucose is only sugar so it cannot hurt the patient.B.The physician does not trust EMTs.C.The patient’s nitroglycerin might be expired.D.The physician wants to be sure it is appropriate for the patient.Answer: DRationale:Glucose is sugar and relatively safe; however,it can be harmful if given to an unresponsivepatient.This answer does not explain why not to give nitroglycerin without a physician’sorder. The reason protocols are writtenis notbecause physicians do not trust EMTs; they arewritten because EMTs do not have the advanced training that physicians have. Althoughmedications may beexpired, this does not requirecontactingmedical control to confirm.Nitroglycerin, although indicated for most chest pain patients, is not appropriate for allcardiac patients. The physician, with his advanced training, is better suited to make thatdetermination.2.You have just come on duty. The EMT on the previous shift complains to you that the QImanager was giving him grief because he did not document three sets of vital signs on thepatient record. The EMT isangry and does not understand why documenting three sets ofvital signs is so important. What is the best answer you could give him?A.Vital signs are something you have to fill out because the state requires it.B.The recording of three sets of vital signs demonstrates that youweretrending thepatient’s condition.C.It is important you show the QI manager that you are a team player.D.The report looks better when all the boxes are filled out.Answer:BRationale:The local or state governmental authority may or may not require three sets of vital signs;regardless, thisshould not be the primary reason to document them. Teamwork is an

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important trait in an EMT,but is not the driving factor for recording vital signs. QI is notconcerned with how the report looks,butratherthat the information in the report is completeand accurate. Recording three sets of vital signs demonstrates to the QI manager that theEMT is appropriately reassessing the patient at the appropriate periodic intervals.Thisdemonstratestothe QI managerthat the EMT is providing quality patient care.3.You and your EMT partner are assigned to spend a day at the senior center where you areto provide free blood pressure screenings for the community. Your partner is upset thathe is not in the ambulance where the“action is.”He complains that taking bloodpressures is a waste of his time. What would be the best response to his complaints?A.It is good practice for the next emergency call.B.It makes the taxpayers happy.C. Illness prevention is an important component of EMS.D.It minimizes the number of 911 calls late at night.Answer:CRationale:EMTs should already have competency inbloodpressure techniques prior to hosting anyscreening clinics. Although community relations are important, it is not the primary reasonfor checking blood pressures. Blood pressure screening clinics do not impact the number oflate night 911 calls. Illness prevention isan important component of EMS as EMTs arealways in the field,and the role of EMS in public health is expected to only increase in thefuture.4.During the new employee orientation, the training officer meets with the new EMTs andexplains to them themonthly training schedule and the classes they must attend for EMTrecertification. One of the new EMTs asks the training officer why they have to keeptaking EMT courses if they already passed the EMT examination. What is the bestanswer?A.The state requires the training.B.EMTs forget everything once they pass the EMT exam.C.It looks good to a jury should the service be sued.D.EMS is constantly evolving in response to evidence-based research.Answer:DRationale:Although continuing education is mandated by most states, it is not the reason continuingeducation is performed. Continuing education does provide EMTs with a good review of

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rarely used material; however, it is not accurate that EMTs forget everything once theypass the EMT exam. Although continuing education can demonstrate to a jury that theservice is providing adequate training, one of the goals of continuing education is toprevent lawsuits from happening in the first place, rather than to look good once a lawsuithas been filed. Evidence-based scientific research is what drives changes in EMS. Newand improved treatment techniques are derived from this research and the EMT needs tokeep abreast of these dynamic changes to his profession.5.A fellow EMT is talking with the Medical Director at a staff meeting. TheEMT statesthat the neighboring ambulance service is carrying special clotting bandages for seriousbleeding wounds. The special bandages cost five times as much as the regular bandages,but the EMT claims they work ten times better. The EMT wants the Medical Director toapprove the bandages forusein their ambulances. The Medical Director responds to theEMT by saying he will not approve the bandages until he can prove they are worth theadditional cost. How can the EMT best do this?A.Have a member of theother ambulance service call the Medical Director toprovide firsthand information on how the special bandages are much better.B.Call the manufacturer of the special bandage and request literature to give to theMedical Director.C.Perform a literature search to see what studies have been done on the specialbandages and report the findings to the Medical Director.D.Order a small number of the special bandages and compare them side by side tothe regular bandages.Answer:CRationale:Firsthand accounts or anecdotal information do not provide any actual scientific proofthat the special bandages are superior. Literature from the manufacturer is designed tosell the bandages and will only present the positives of the bandages without any negativeinformation. Product testing of the bandages is a good idea to determine how thebandages will work for that particular service, but does not provide proof that they areactually better. Finding objective, unbiased, evidence-based research that validates theclaims of the special bandage is the only way to actually prove that the special bandagesare superior.

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1. Which of the followingBESTdescribes the purpose of the modern emergency medicalservices (EMS) system?A) To have trained personnel respond quickly and provide emergency care on the scene, duringtransport, and at the hospitalB) To have trained personnel capable of assessing and caring for injured and ill patients on thesceneC) To have trained personnel understand the limitations of their training and "do no harm," whileproviding prompt transport to the hospitalD) To have trained personnel knowledgeable in all aspects of prehospital careAnswer: APage Ref: 7–18Objective: 1.42. Which of the following groups is credited with developing the earliest documented emergencymedical service?A) The SpanishB) The EgyptiansC) The MayansD) The FrenchAnswer: DPage Ref: 5–7Objective: 1.23. In 1966 the National Highway Safety Act charged which of the following agencies with thedevelopment of emergency medical service standards?A) The U.S. Department of TransportationB) The U.S. Department of the InteriorC) The U.S. Department of Health ServicesD) The U.S. Department of Homeland SecurityAnswer: APage Ref: 6–7

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Objective: 1.34. The National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians was founded to establish which ofthe following?A) An education curriculum for EMT coursesB) Quality oversight of emergency medical services practicesC) Professional standards for emergency medical services personnelD) Quality improvement and quality assurance programs for emergency medical servicesAnswer: CPage Ref: 13Objective: 1.95. What is the minimum level of certification required of ambulance personnel in most areas?A) Emergency Medical TechnicianB) Emergency Medical ResponderC) Advanced EMTD) Emergency Ambulance DriverAnswer: APage Ref: 8–9Objective: 1.56. Which of the following is the primary responsibility of the EMT?A) Protect and stabilize the patientB) Communicate with other responders on the sceneC) Maintain personal health and safetyD) Provide emergency careAnswer: CPage Ref: 6Objective: 1.67. Upon arrival at the hospital, the EMT advises hospital personnel of the patient's condition,

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observations from the scene, treatment rendered, and other pertinent data to assure continuity ofcare. This process is known as which of the following?A) Transfer of careB) Breach of dutyC) Definitive careD) End of tourAnswer: APage Ref: 10Objective: 1.68. Which of the followingBESTdescribes a person who speaks up on behalf of the patient andsupports his cause?A) GuardianB) AssistantC) AdvocateD) RepresentativeAnswer: CPage Ref: 11–12Objective: 1.79. Which of the following is an example of patient advocacy?A) Immobilizing the neck of a patient with a possible spinal injuryB) Granting patient wishes and not reporting spousal abuse to the authoritiesC) Building rapport with the patient during transport to the hospitalD) Providing oxygen to a patient that is short of breathAnswer: CPage Ref: 10Objective: 1.610.Why is it important for EMTs to participate in quality improvement programs?A) To ensure that individuals making false calls for EMS are prosecuted

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B) To identify problem employees and create a corrective action planC) To identify problems and developa plan to prevent their recurrenceD) To ensure adequate personnel are available for emergenciesAnswer: CPage Ref: 13–16Objective: 1.1011.Which of the following is a role of the EMT in the quality improvement process?A) Taking responsibilityfor the actions of one's partnerB) Writing complete patient care reportsC) Critiquing performance of one’s partnerD) Assuring personal safetyAnswer: BPage Ref: 14–15Objective: 1.1112. Who assumes the ultimate responsibility for patient care rendered by the EMT?A) EMS supervisorB) EMTC) Director of quality assuranceD) MedicalDirectorAnswer: DPage Ref: 15–16Objective: 1.1,1.1213. Which of the followingBESTdescribes a list of steps the EMT should perform whileassessing and managing emergency medical situations?A) Standing ordersB) On-line medical directionC) ProtocolsD) Standard operating procedures

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Answer: CPage Ref: 15–16Objective: 1.1,1.1214. A written authorization for an EMS provider to perform a particular skill in a specificsituation is a(n):A) on-line protocol.B) standard of care.C) direct medical order.D) standing order.Answer: DPage Ref: 15–16Objective: 1.1,1.1215. Which of the following is a physical trait necessary for performingthe duties of an EMT?A) Nonjudgmental and fairB) Ability to lift and carry 200 poundsC) Giving and receiving written instructionsD) Ability to remain calm in stressful situationsAnswer: CPage Ref: 11–12Objective: 1.716. Which of the following is a personal trait an EMT should demonstrate?A) A self-starterB) A strong studentC) Strong communicationD) Good eyesightAnswer: APage Ref: 12Objective: 1.8

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17. Centralized coordination of emergency medical access, transportation, andcare most refersto which of the following?A) An emergency preparedness planB) A trauma systemC) Resource managementD) Central deploymentAnswer: CPage Ref: 6–7Objective: 1.318. Which of the following is professionally equivalent to the EMT?A) Ambulance technicianB) Physician assistantC) Ambulance driverD) None of the aboveAnswer: DPage Ref: 8–9Objective: 1.519. All of the following are EMS system components as defined by the National HighwayTraffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)EXCEPT:A)safety and security of EMS personnel.B)facilities.C)regulation and policy.D)public information and education.Answer: APage Ref: 6–7Objective: 1.320. Which of the following agencies is responsible for establishing EMS system assessment

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programs?A) Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)B) National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)C) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)D) United States Health Services Agency (HSA)Answer: CPage Ref: 6–7Objective: 1.321.Which of the following refers to a program or process for evaluating and improving theeffectiveness of an EMS system?A) Quality improvementB) System effectiveness managementC) Quality assuranceD) Total quality managementAnswer:APage Ref: 13–15Objective: 1.1022. Which of the following best describes training that supplements the EMT's original trainingand that is usually taken in regular intervals?A) Distance educationB) EMT training programC) RecertificationD) Continuing educationAnswer: DPage Ref: 14–15Objective: 1.1123. Which of the following is the most common gateway for hospital services for patients whoneed emergency medical assistance?

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