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2023-2024 NUR109 Final Exam with Answers (150 Solved Questions)

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    NUR 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 100%VERIFIED ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS • The nurse is teaching a patient being discharged with a long leg cast. Which of the following instructions is appropriate? a. Keep plaster casts covered until thoroughly dry. b. Apply lotion under cast edges to lubricate the skin. c. Elevate the cast above the level of the heart whenever possible . d. Put talcum powder down the cast to prevent perspiration. • Ms. R. is a 40 year old woman who underwent total hip replacement. Which of the following activities would be appropriate for Ms. R. after discharge? a. Sitting in only a low chair b. Resuming all ADLs as soon as possible c. Sitting at least 8 hours a day d. Putting a pillow between her legs when sleeping • Ms. K’s right knee appears to be swollen. To further evaluate this, the nurse should first: a. put the knee through range of motion. b. test muscle strength. c. compare it to the left knee. d. palpate for crepitus. • Ms. E. is a 78 year old woman who was admitted with an impacted right hip. She was placed in traction. When caring for a patient in traction, the nurse is guided by which principle? a. Weights should rest on the bed b. Knots in the ropes should touch the pulley c. Weights are removed routinely d. Skeletal traction is never interrupted • The nurse is assessing the patient for the presence of a Chvostek’s

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    sign. What electrolyte imbalance does a positive Chvostek’s sign indicate? a. Hypermagnesemia b. Hypercalce mia c. Hypocalcemia d. Hyperkalemia The next 9 question will show your ability to analyze ABG (arterial blood gas) results. Some questions will give preview information. • A patient has arrived at the ER complaining to tingling in her face, hands, and eet. She stated she feels “light - headed” and has been studying for NUR 109 Final Exam for 3 straight days. Assessments reveals BP 165/110, HR 124, RR 36, skin clammy and pale. ABG’s: pH = 7.49, PaCO2 = 31, HCO3 = 19 a. Respiratory acidosis b. Respiratory alkalosis c. Metabolic acidosis d. Metabolic alkalosis • You are an ER nurse caring for a trauma patient. Your patient has the following arterial blood gas results: pH = 7.26, PaCO2 = 28, HCO3 = 11 mEq/L. How would you interpret these results? a. Respiratory acidosis with no compensation b. Metabolic alkalosis with a compensatory alkalosis c. Metabolic acidosis with no compensation d. Metabolic acidosis with a compensatory alkalosis • A patient in the ICU starts complaining of being “short of breath.” An arterial blood gas (ABG) is drawn. The ABG has the following values: pH = 7.21, PaCO2 = 64, HCO3 = 24. What does the ABG reflect? a. Respiratory acidosis b. Metabolic alkalosis

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    c. Respiratory alkalosis d. Metabolic acidosis • An 16 - year - old female is admitted through the ER semi - conscious, RR = 56, fruity breath, diaphoretic pale skin, blood glucose is 740, and ketones in her urine. ABG results show pH = 7.21, PaCO2 = 35, and HCO3 = 14. What does the ABG reflect? a. Respiratory acidosis b. Respiratory alkalosis c. Metabolic acidosis d. Metabolic alkalosis

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    • Interpret theses ABG’s: pH = 7.36, PaCO2 = 56, pO2 = 90, HCO3 = 20. a. Respiratory acidosis, partially compensated b. Respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated c. Metabolic acidosis, fully compensated d. Metabolic alkalosis, fully compensated • An 83 - year - old female was found by her daughter in distress. She calls 911. When the EMTs arrive they assess her breathing and airway, do and EKG, obtain ABGs, and questions the daughter. The patient has been taking Oxycodone for back pain and a sleeping pill at night. Assessment reveals lethargic, unresponsive patient. RR = 5, BP = 80/40, MAP = 53, HR = 45. ABG results: pH = 7.12, PaCO2 = 64, pO2 = 68, HCO3 = 24. Interpretation of these ABG results is: a. respiratory acidosis, uncompensated. b. respiratory acidosis, fully compensated. c. respiratory alkalosis, uncompensated. d. respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated. • What do you suspect will be immediate treatment plans for the patient in the above scenario? a. Establishment of IV and bolus of 1000 mls of NS b. Intubation and oxygenation c. Blood transfusion d. Administration of sublingual nitroglycerin • Analyze these ABGs: pH = 7.37, PaCO2 = 43, HCO3 = 23. a. Metabolic acidosis b. Respiratory alkalosis c. Normal d. Respiratory acidosis • A student has been experiencing severe gastric burning and consistently takes TUMS antacids for this discomfort. He states “as long as I keep popping the TUMS, then burning is better.” During a physical exam these ABG results were dra wn: pH = 7.49, PaCO2 = 39, HCO3 = 37. Interpretation of theses ABGs is:

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    a. uncompensated metabolic acidosis. b. uncompensated metabolic alkalosis. c. fully compensated respiratory alkalosis. d. uncompensated respiratory acidosis.

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    • The school health nurse if presenting a health - promotion class to a group of middle - school students. Which is the best intervention to address health - promotion strategies related to the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America? a. Monthly self - breast exams b. Smoking cessation c. Annual colonoscopies d. Monthly testicular exams • You are the clinical nurse in an oncology clinic. Your patient arrives for a 2 - month follow - up appointment following chemotherapy. You note that the patient's skin appears yellow. Which blood test should be done to further explore this clinical sign? a. Liver function test b. CBC c. Platelet count d. Electrolytes • Your are teaching a nutrition class in the local high school. One student tells you that he has heard that certain foods can increase the incidence of cancer. You respond, "Research has shown that certain foods appear to increase the risk of cancer." Which of the following menu selections would be the best choice for reducing the risks of cancer? a. Smoked salmon and green beans b. Po rk chops and fired green tomatoes c. Baked apricot chicken and steamed broccoli d. Liver, onions, and steamed peas • Traditionally, nurses have been involved with tertiary prevention with their cancer patients. However, emphasis is also placed on both primary and secondary prevention. What would be an example of primary prevention? a. Yearly Papanicolaou tests b. Testicular self - examination

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    c. Teaching patients to wear sunscreen d. Screening mammogram • While a patient is receiving intravenous doxorubicin, the nurse observes that there is swelling and pain at the IV site. The nurse should: a. stop the administration of the drug immediately. b. notify the patient's physician. c. continue to administer but decrease the rate of infusion. d. apply a warm compress to the site.

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    NUR 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 BEST EXAM SOLUTION TOP RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS • A patient newly diagnosed with cancer is scheduled to begin chemotherapy treatment. The patient asks the nurse what the most common side effect of chemotherapy is. What would be the best answer the nurse could give? a. Alopecia b. Nausea and vomiting c. Altered glucose metabolism d. Increased appetite • Your patient is receiving carmustine, a chemotherapy agent. A significant side effect of this medication is thrombocytopenia. Which symptom would the nurse assess for in patients at risk for thrombocytopenia? a. Interrupted sleep pattern b. Hot flashes c. Nose bleed d. Increased weight • When a client is immobilized, what is the most appropriate plan to prevent constipation? a. Encourage daily laxative use b. Limit fluid intake c. Encourage frequent periods of sitting on the bedpan d. Increase fluids and fiber in the client’s diet • The nurse is caring for a patient who has had a plaster leg cast applied. Immediately post - application, the nurse should inform the patient that: a. the cast will cool in 5 minutes.

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    NUR 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 BEST EXAM SOLUTION TOP RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS b. the cast should be covered with a towel. c. the cast should be supported on a board while drying. d. the cast will only have full strength when dry. • A female patient states that she has pain and numbness to her thumb, first, and second finger of her right hand. The nurse discovers that the patient’s occupation is an auto mechanic, and the pain is increased at work. This may indicate that the patient could possibly have: a. Carpel tunnel syndrome b. Tendonitis c. Impingement syndrome d. Dupuytren’s contracture • Which of the following nursing actions demonstrates proper technique when caring for a patient with skeletal traction for a fractured femur? a. Lift weights when sliding patient up in bed b. Rest both feet against a footboard c. Remove weight immediately if patient complains of muscle spasms d. Be certain weights and ropes hang freely • Which of the following exercises would be contraindicated for a patient who has recently been discharged following a total hip replacement? a. Abduction exercises b. Deep - knee bends c. Gluteal setting d. Quadriceps setting

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    NUR 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 BEST EXAM SOLUTION TOP RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS • The nurse is teaching a patient and family signs of compromised circulation to a casted arm. The patient should be instructed to report? a. Discoloration of the fingers b. Foul odor from the cast c. Severe itching under the cast d. Bounding radial pulse in the affected arm • A nurse is teaching Mrs. P. about appropriate and safe position changes after her total hip replacement. Which of the following statements indicates that Mrs. P. understands proper positioning? a. “I’ll avoid sitting straight up in bed.” b. “I’ll turn my leg slightly inward when I am in bed or in a chair.” c. “I’ll cross my legs when I sit in the chair.” d. “I’ll bend forward to put on my shoes and socks.” • The nurse is evaluating patient teaching while caring for a client who has undergone total hip replacement. Which of the following signs and symptoms must the patient report to the physician promptly? a. Need for pain medication every 4 hours b. Decrease in pain by elevation of leg on 2 pillows c. Cool, pale, tingly toes d. Keeping the affected hip in extension • When the health care provider tells a patient that the pain in the patient’s knee is caused by bursitis, the patient asks the nurse to explain just what exactly bursitis is. The nurse’s best response would be to tell the patient bursitis is an inflammation of: a. the fibrocartilage that acts as a shock absorber in the knee joint b. a small, fluid - filled sac found at many joints c. any connective tissue that is found supporting the joints of the body

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    NUR 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 BEST EXAM SOLUTION TOP RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS d. the synovial membrane that lines the area between two bones • Following a motor - vehicle accident, a patient arrives in the emergency department with massive right lower - leg swelling. Which action will the nurse take first? a. elevate the leg on pillows b. apply a compression bandage c. place ice packs on the lower leg d. check leg pulses and sensation • In developing a care plan for a patient with an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of an open, displaced fracture of the tibia, the priority nursing diagnosis is: a. risk for constipation related to prolonged bed rest b. activity intolerance related to deconditioning c. risk for infection related to disruption of skin integrity d. risk for impaired muscle atrophy related to immobility • A patient who tested positive for HIV 3 years ago is admitted to the hospital with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP). Based on diagnostic criteria established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the patient is diagnosed as having: a. early chronic infection. b. HIV infection c. AIDS d. intermediate chronic infection. • A patient who is diagnosed with AIDS and has developed Kaposi's sarcoma tells the nurse, "I have lots of thoughts about dying. Do you think I am just being morbid?" Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

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    NUR 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 BEST EXAM SOLUTION TOP RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS a. "Thinking about dy ing will not improve the course of AIDS." b. "Although you diagnosis is serious, there are more treatments available now." c. "Try to focus on the good things in life because stress impairs the immune system." d. "Tell me what kind of thoughts you have about dying." • Intervention such as promotion of nutrition, exercise, and stress reduction should be promoted by the nurse for patients who have HIV infection, primarily because these intervention will: a. promote a feeling of well - being in the patient. b. prevent transmission of the virus to others. c. improve the patient's immune function. d. increase the patient's strength and self - care ability. • A nurse has sustained a needlestick from a patient. A blood sample has been drawn on the source and sent to the lab for analysis. The house supervisor knows that the nurse has a clear understanding when he makes the following statement: a. "I will have to wait for 2 hours to know the results of the rapid HIV test on the source blood." b. "I will have to take penicillin immediately after the needlestick." c. "I will wait and go to Employee/Occupational Health tomorrow morning." d. "I need not do anything and wait for 6 months for the results of the HIV test on the source blood." • The occupational health nurse will teach the nursing staff that the highest risk of acquiring HIV for an HIV - infected patient is: a. a patient who spits in the nurse's face. b. contamination of open skin lesions with vaginal secretions. c. a needlestick with a needle and syringe

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    NUR 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 BEST EXAM SOLUTION TOP RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS used to draw blood. .. 3 d 30 03. 333333333333333333333333333203..0 32300000000000000220 . .312000202300000000000020022100000000 000000000000000+00000000000000000000000000000000002221232 0000000000000000 splashing the eyes when emptying a bedpan containing stool. • Drug therapy is being co nsidered for and HIV - infected patient who has a CD4+ cell count of 400. The nursing assessment that is most important in determining whether therapy will be used is the patient's: a. social support system offered by significant others and family. b. socioeconomic status and availability of medical insurance. c. understanding of the multiple side effects that the drugs may cause. d. willingness and ability to comply with stringent medication schedules. • While teaching community groups about AIDS, the nurse informs people that the most common method of transmission of the HIV virus currently is: a. perinatal transmission of the fetus. b. sharing equipment to inject illegal drugs. c. blood transfusions. d. sexual contact with an infected partner.

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    NUR 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 BEST EXAM SOLUTION TOP RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS • A 24 - year old woman who uses IV illegal drugs asks the nurse about preventing AIDS. The nurse informs the patient that the best way to reduce the risk of HIV infection from drug use is: a. participate in a needle - exchange program. b. clean drug injection equipment before use. c. ask those who share equipment to be tested for HIV. d. avoid sexual intercourse when using IV drugs. • At the health promotion level of care HIV infection, which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask? a. "Are you having any symptoms such as severe weight loss or confusion?" b. "Are you experiencing any side effects from the antiretroviral medication?" c. "Do you need any assistance to obtain drugs or treatments?" d. "Do you use any IV drugs or have multiple sexual partners?" • A patient with HIV infection has developed Mycobacterium avium complex infection with diarrhea. An appropriate outcome for the patient is that the patient will: a. be free from injury. b. maintain intact perineal skin. c. have adequate oxygenation. d. receive immunizations. • When designing a program to decrease the incidence of HIV infection in the community, the nurse will prioritize education about: a. how to prevent transmission between sexual partners. b. methods to prevent perinatal HIV transmission. c. ways to sterilize needles used by IV drug users. d. means to prevent transmission through blood transfusions.

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    NUR 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 BEST EXAM SOLUTION TOP RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS • When assessing a patient for breast cancer risk, the nurse considers that the patient has a significant family history of breast cancer if she has a: a. cousin who was diagnosed with breast cancer at age 38 b. mother who was diagnosed with breast cancer at age 42 c. sister who died from ovarian cancer at age 56 d. grandmother who died from breast cancer at age 72 • Select all that apply. A healthy 2 month old whose immunizations are up to date is attending the well child clinic for a check - up. The nurse anticipates that this infant may receive several vaccinations including: a. HiB( Haemophilus influenze type b conjugate vaccine) b. DTaP (Diptheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine) c. MMR (Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine) d. Influenza vaccine e. IPV (Inactivated polio vaccine) • Strict isolation is required for a child who is hospitalized with: a. mumps. b. chickenpox. c. exanthema subitum (roseola). d. erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). • Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect when a child with sickle cell anemia experiences an acute vaso - occlusive crisis? a. Circulatory collapse b. Cardiomegaly, systolic murmurs c. Hepatomegaly, intrahepatic cholestasis d. Painful swelling of hands and feet; painful joints

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    NUR 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023/2024 BEST EXAM SOLUTION TOP RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS • A school - age child is admitted in vaso - occlusive sickle cell crisis. The child’s care should include which of the following? a. Correction of acidosis b. Adequate hydration and pain management c. Pain management and administration of heparin d. Adequate oxygenation and replacement of factor VIII • Which of the following statements best describes β - thalassemia major (Cooley anemia)? a. All formed elements of the blood are depressed. b. Inadequate numbers of red blood cells are present. c. Increased incidence occurs in families of Mediterranean extraction. d. Increased incidence occurs in persons of West African descent. • In which of the following conditions are all the formed elements of the blood simultaneously depressed? a. Aplastic anemia b. Sickle cell anemia c. Thalassemia major d. Iron deficiency anemia • Myelosuppression, associated with chemotherapeutic agents or some malignancies such as leukemia, can cause bleeding tendencies because of what?

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