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2023-2024 Portage Learning NURS251 Pharmacology Module 3 with Answers (98 Solved Questions)

2023-2024 Portage Learning NURS251 Pharmacology Module 3 with Answers is your go-to guide for practicing past exams, ensuring you�re fully prepared for test day.

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    PORTAGE LEARNIN G NURS 251 PHARMACOLOGY MODULE 3 2023/2024 WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS Blood pressure is measured using an instrument called - - answer - sphygmomanometer , the first sound heard when listeni ng during BP - - answer - Korotkoff sound The Korotkoff sound corresponds to the - - answer - systolic value (top number) of the patient's blood pressure. eventually the sounds disappear, representing that the brachial artery is now completely open. - - answer - diastolic value (bottom number) in a patient's blood pressure. the persistent systolic blood pressure of greater than 130mm/Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure greater than 80mm/Hg. - - answer - Hypertension Hypertension is often ______ and is also considere d___________ - - answer - An asymptomatic disease; most common disease state worldwide Normotensive Blood Pressure - - answer - <120/<80 Elevated Blood Pressure - - answer - 120 - 129/<80 Hypertensive - - answer - >130/>80 Stage 1 hypertension, - - answer - 130 - 139/80 - 89 Stage 2 hypertension - - answer - >140/90 also known as primary hypertension, is when the cause of the increased blood pressure is unknown. - - answer - Essential hypertension when a patient's elevated blood press ure is caused by another disease. - - answer - Secondary hypertension when a patient experiences a sudden drop in blood pressure when they change positions (i.e. when going from a seated position to standing). - - answer - Orthostatic hypotension, Blood Pressu re is determined by - - answer - cardiac output, blood volume, resistance to flow Cardiac output is determined by two factors: - - answer - heart rate (beats per minute) and stroke volume (volume of blood pumped per contraction of the heart).

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    When the heart is the specific organ damaged by ischemia, it is termed - - answer - ischemic heart disease. SVR is determined by the - - answer - diameter of the blood vessel as well as the musculature nature of the blood vessel. An increase in any of the above factors: will result in a rise in blood pressure. - - answer - heart rate, stroke volume or SVR Associated factors of blood pressure include: - - answer - sodium intake, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding smoking, proper exercise, and minimizing stress. BP Meds for Cardiac Factors: Heart Rate Contractability - - answer - Beta Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, and Centrally ac ting adrenergics BP Meds for Circulating Volume Salt; Aldosterone - - answer - ACE Inhibitors, Diuretics Hormones Vasodilators; Vasoconstrictors - - answer - Vasodilators Prostaglandins ACE - Inhibitors Calcium Channel Blockers Angiotensin II blockers Periphera l Sympathetic Receptors Gonstrictos; Dilators - - answer - Receptors Alpha blockers Beta blockers CNS regulation of BP - - answer - Centrally Acting Adrenergics Local regulation of BP - - answer - Peripherally Acting Adrenergics the resistance generated by the flow of blood through the arteries. - - answer - Peripheral resistance defined as chest pain that occurs when the heart's supply of blood carrying oxygen is insufficient to meet the demands of the heart. - - answer - Angina Pectoris Angina is often a symptom of - - answer - Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). CAD is d efined as - - answer - a condition due to atherosclerosis and insufficient blood supply to the heart. the arteries that deliver oxygen to the heart. - - answer - coronary arteries when there is damage to the tissues or cells because of a lack of oxygen deliver y. - - answer - Ischemia Blood pressure is - - answer - pressure exerted against the walls of blood vessels as blood circulates through the body.

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