2024-2025 Autoimmune hematologic Disorders (PEARLS) (Smarty PANCE) with Answers (45 Solved Questions)

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Autoimmunehematologicdisorders(PEARLS)(SmartyPANCE)100% VERIFIEDANSWERS 2024/2025CORRECTAnemias can be broadly grouped into3 categories based on what?Anemias can be broadly grouped into 3 categoriesbased on mean corpuscularvolume, or MCV, which reflects the volume of a red blood cell.What arethe 3 broadly grouped categories of anemiabased on MCV?1. Microcytic: MCV is lower than 80 fL,2. Normocytic: MCV between 80 and 100 fL3. Macrocytic: MCV larger than 100 fL.Normocytic anemiascan be further classified as what?Normocytic anemias can be further classified as1. Hemolyticwhen there's increased destruction of RBCs2. Non-hemolyticwhen there's decreased production of RBCs from the bone marrowHemolytic anemia is a ___________?Normocytic anemia

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How do you distinguish betweenhemolyticandnon-hemolyticnormocyticanemias?When there's hemolysis, the bone marrow revs up and starts pumping out immatureRBCs calledreticulocytes, but when there's a bone marrow problem reticulocyte countis low. So for your exams, it's important to know that in hemolytic anemias there's anincreased reticulocyte production index of over 2%, while in non-hemolytic anemias it'slower than 2%.In hemolytic anemia thereticulocyte countwill be _______?High > 2%How arehemolytic anemiasclassified?Hemolytic anemias can be classified asintrinsicandextrinsichemolytic anemiasIntrinsichemolytic anemias?Inintrinsic hemolytic anemias, the RBCs are destroyed due toRBC membranedefects, likeinhereditaryspherocytosisandparoxysmalnocturnalhemoglobinuria, orPNH;enzyme deficiencies, like inG6PD deficiencyandpyruvatekinasedeficiency; andhemoglobin abnormalities, like insickle cell anemia.Extrinsichemolytic anemias?In extrinsic hemolytic anemias, the RBCs are normal but are later destroyed viaextrinsic mechanisms such asautoantibodies directed against RBCs.Extrinsichemolytic anemias thatincludeautoimmunehemolyticanemia,microangiopathichemolyticanemia,macroangiopathic hemolytic anemiaandinfections.How isintrinsichemolysis divided?

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