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Test Bank for Conceptual Integrated Science, 3rd Edition

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    1 Conceptual Integrated Science, 3e (Hewitt et al.) Chapter 1 About Science Multiple Choice Questions 1) Scientific thinking A) searches for cause - and - effect relationships. B) is rational thinking. C) both of these D) none of the above Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 1.1 2) Ancient Greek investigators discovered A) Earth's circumference. B) why things float. C) that Earth rotates daily. D) all of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.1 3) Among those who charted t he stars and planets in ancient ti mes were A) Polynesians. B) Chinese. C) Arabians. D) all of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.1 4) The first to be credited for Earth circling the Sun was A) Galileo. B) Copernicus. C) Newton. D) all at about the same time Answer: B Diff: 1 Obje ctive: 1.1

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    2 5) The scientist to be arrested for his views was A) Galileo. B) Copernicus. C) Newton. D) none of the above Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 1.1 6) The focus of equations in this textbook is A) guides to thinking. B) recipes for solving algeb raic problems. C) a route to "plugging and chugging." D) to challenge students weak in math. Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 1.2 7) Mathematics is useful in physics when A) relationships are studied. B) making scientific measurements. C) calculating trajec tories of projectiles. D) all of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.2 8) The classic scientific method includes A) observing carefully. B) questioning. C) predicti ng. D) all of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.3 9) The scientific metho d is most effective in A) making hypotheses. B) gaining, organizing, and applying new knowledge. C) discovering new things. D) making theories. Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 1.3

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    3 10) The classic scientific method includes A) performing experiments. B) pr edicting the results of experiments. C) formulating general rules that organize findings. D) all of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.3 11) In a less systematic way, many discoveries are found by A) trial and error. B) experimenting with guessing . C) accidental discovery. D) all of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.3 12) Eratosthenes' measurements of Earth's size involved A) a deep w ell in Syene. B) a pillar's shadow in Alexandria. C) surveying the distance between Alexandria and Syene. D) all of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.3 13) Eratosthenes would have measured a larger Earth if the distance between his pillar and the well in Syene were A) longer. B) shorter. C) no difference. D) impossible to say. Answer: A Diff: 2 Obje ctive: 1.3 14) If the pillar in Alexandria were taller and the well in Syene were deeper, Eratosthenes' calculation of Earth's size would be A) larger. B) smaller. C) no difference. D) impossible to say. Answer: C Diff: 2 Objective: 1.3

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    4 15) The most i mportant element in Eratosthenes' calculation of Earth's size was that the angle measurements of the Sun's rays with the pillar and reflection of sunlight in the well be A) exact. B) tested by other observers. C) simultaneous. D) the same rays of the Sun. Answer: C Diff: 2 Objective: 1.3 16) A scientific hypothesis is A) a theory about the correctness of something. B) a statement of scientific fact. C) an educated guess. D) experimentation. Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 1.4 17) A valid hypothesis mus t be capable of being proved A) wrong. B) sort of right. C) right beyond doubt. D) by other investigators. Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 1.4 18) A valid hypothesis must be A) more than an educated guess. B) capable of repeating by o ther investigators. C) testable. D) all of the above Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 1.4 19) Which of these is a scientific hypothesis? A) The full Moon is a poor time to make decisions. B) Your truest friends and you have the same astrological sign. C) Th e dumpster in your bac k alley is filled with garbage. D) none of the above Answer: C Diff: 2 Objective: 1.4

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    5 20) Which of these is speculation rather than a scientific hypothesis? A) A full Moon is illuminated by starlight. B) There are things we will never know about. C) T he planets move in square - shaped orbits about the Sun. D) The acceleration due to gravity decreases at high altitudes. Answer: B Diff: 2 Objective: 1.4 21) Reaso nable and valid questions that are not testable A) are a small segment of the scientific met hod. B) lie outside the domain of science. C) have no value. D) all of the above Answer: B Diff: 2 Objective: 1.4 22) Correct science is mainly linked to A) phi losophical discussions. B) determination and belief in your abilities. C) experimentation. D ) all of the above Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 1.5 23) Scientists who falsify experimental results or data are generally given A) a second chance. B) no second chance. C) a slap on the hand. D) only slight praise. Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 1.5 24 ) The person most likely to fool you is A) your physics ins tructor. B) your close relative. C) your enemy. D) yourself. Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.5

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    6 25) People in general are unlikely to question their own A) tribe. B) religion. C) favorite sports team. D) all the above Answer: D Diff: 2 Objective: 1.5 2 6) In the spirit of science, science - oriented people must be willing to consider ideas A) they dislike. B) they cherish. C) of other regions. D) that are unpopular. Answer: A Diff: 2 Objective: 1.5 27) Spots of sunlight on the ground cast through openings between leaves in trees above are actually A) images of the Sun. B) part of a solar eclipse. C) due to refraction of sunlight. D) all of the above Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 1.5 28) Holdi ng a card with a tiny opening in sunlight produces an image of the Sun on the ground below. If you hold the card a bit closer to the ground, the pinhole image is A) larger. B) smaller. C) the same size. D) impossible to say Answer: B Diff: 2 Objective: 1 .5 29) B eneath a sunlit tree are pinhole images of the Sun. If the tree casting the images is taller, then the images of the Sun are A) larger. B) smaller. C) the same size. D) impossible to say Answer: A Diff: 2 Objective: 1.5

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    7 30) The pinhole experime nt of casting images of the Sun with a card in sunlight depends on A) exactly straight rays of sunlight. B) a relatively short distance between the pinhole and the ground below. C) round pinholes. D) none of the above. Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 1.5 3 1) If the pinhole experiment is conducted at the time of a partial solar eclipse when the Sun is crescent shaped, the image will be A) as round as with no eclipse. B) a crescent. C) an ellipse. D) impossible to say Answer: B Diff: 1 Ob jective: 1.5 32) I f the diameter of the solar image cast by a pinhole is equal to the diameter of a coin that just covers it, and 110 coins would fit between the image and the pinhole, the Sun must be A) 55 Sun diameters from Earth. B) 110 Sun diameters from Earth. C) not e nough information D) impossible to say Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 1.5 33) A simple method of measuring the distance between the Earth and the Moon is to place in your line of sight to the Moon a A) magnifying glass. B) coin. C) telescope. D) meterstic k. Answer: B Diff: 2 Objective: 1.5

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    8 34) If in the pea - Moon experiment you us ed a grape rather than a pea, you would have to hold the grape A) nearer to you. B) farther from you. C) the same distance. Answer: B Diff: 2 Objective: 1.5 35) If you used a smaller pea in the pea - Moon experiment, then the Moon's distance from Earth w ould be A) longer. B) shorter. C) still 110 Moons away from Earth. D) impossible to say Answer: C Diff: 2 Objective: 1.5 36) In the pea and Moon experiment, it is most impo rtant that A) light travels in straight lines. B) the Moon be 100% full. C) the pea be green. D) all of the above Answer: A Diff: 2 Objective: 1.5 37) Experiments cited in this chapter show that the distances away for both the Sun and the Moon are A) t he same. B) closer to Earth than was thought in 19 00. C) about 110 times their respective diameters. D) impossible to say Answer: C Diff: 2 Objective: 1.5 38) In science, especially physics, an educated guess is called a A) fact. B) theory. C) both a fa ct and a theory. D) none of the above Answer: D D iff: 1 Objective: 1.6

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    9 39) In science, a theory is A) unchangeable. B) an educated guess. C) a synthesis of a large body of well - tested knowledge. D) an opinion. Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 1.6 40) In any field of science, facts A) are absolute. B) may change. C) mean very little. D) are much the same as theories. Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 1.6 41) A scientific law may begin as a hypothesis that A) is tested repeatedly and not contradicted. B) a la rge group of competent observers agree as true. C) both of these D) none of the above Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 1.6 42) A scientific idea that is well established and unquestionable is a A) valid hypo thesis. B) fact of nature. C) both of these D) non e of these Answer: B Diff: 2 Objective: 1.6 43) Which of these questions lies outside the realm of science? A) What is the purpose of life? B) What is the nature of the human spirit? C) both of these D) none of the above Answer: C Diff: 2 Objective: 1.6

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    10 44) When a cheating scientist reports fraudulent information, he or she A) as in many other professions, will be excused by the scientific co mmunity. B) gets no second chance in the scientific community. C) is elevated in the scientific community. D) none of the above Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 1.6 45) Which of these is a scientific statement? A) Candied walnuts contain no sugar. B) Things exist that we will never know about. C) Matter is filled with undetectable particles. D) Parts of the univer se exist that will never be discovered by humans. Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 1.6 46) Pseudoscience is a field of A) knowledge deservedly gaining a large following. B) wisdom only recently appreciated. C) both knowledge and wisdom. D) junk science. Ans wer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.6 47) Most bookstores in major cities have more books on A) pseudoscience than science. B) science than pseudoscience. C) not enough information to estimate D) none of the above Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 1.6 48) Science , art, and religion need not contradict one another because A) all three involve different domains. B) choosing the right one means no need to heed the other two. C) choosing religion and art means no need to heed science. D) choosing science means no need to heed religion and art. Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 1.7

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    11 49) Having to choose between science and religion is unnecessary A) when you hold fast to the courage of your convictions. B) since you know which is right and which is wrong. C) because both operate in different realms. D) none of the above Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 1.7 50) A truly educated person is knowledgeable about A) science. B) the arts. C) religion. D) all of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.7 51) Which of the followi ng involves passion, talent, and intelligence? A) Art B) Literature C) Science D) all of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.7 52) Science and technology are A) responsible for all the good in the world. B) responsible for all the bad in the world. C) actually one and the same. D) fundamentally different from each other. Answer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.8 53) Technology is a tool that can A) be socially beneficial. B) be socially harmful when abused. C) lead to a better world. D) all of the above A nswer: D Diff: 1 Objective: 1.8

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    12 54) The most basic of the sciences of physics, chemistry, and biology is A) physics. B) chemistry. C) biology. D) none of the above Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 1.9 55) Physical and life sciences in this textbook A) o verlap. B) are integrated. C) both of these D) none of the above Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 1.9 56) The aurora borealis occurs A) in the lower atmosphere. B) in the upper atmosphere. C) mainly in semi - tropical regions. D) in cycles that match solar cy cles. Answer: B Diff: 1 Objec tive: 1.10 57) The aurora borealis is most closely related to A) electric fields. B) magnetic fields. C) gravitational fields. D) solar - energy fields. Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 1.10 58) The aurora borealis is best view ed A) during summer nighttime skies. B) at the time of a full Moon. C) from orbiting space stations. D) during a lunar eclipse. Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 1.10

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    1 Conceptual Integrated Science, 3e (Hewitt et al.) Chapter 2 Describing Motion Multiple Choice Questions 1) Aristotle asserted that motion was characterized by A) natural motion. B) violent motion. C) both of these D) neither of these Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 2.1 2) Aristotle's view of natural laws is best understood by A) experiment. B) reasoning. C) patterns. D) mathematics. Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 2.1 3) When Galileo dropped balls from the Leaning Tower of Pisa, he A) confirmed A ristot le's teachings. B) refuted Aristotle's teachings. C) failed in their purpose. D) none of the above Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 2.1 4) A heavy and a light ball are dropped at the same time from a high tower. The ball to reach the ground first, assuming no air resistance, will be the A) heavier ball. B) lighter ball. C) both together. D) none of the above Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 2. 1

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    2 5) In contrast to Aristotle's statements about nature, Galileo's reliance was on A) experiment. B) logic. C) patte rns. D) mathematics. Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 2.2 6) Science greatly moved forward when Galileo favored A) philosophical discussions . B) experiment. C) non - mathematical thinking. D) none of the above Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 2.2 7) Galileo st ated that a ball rolled along a level surface it would A) slow down due to its natural tendency to come to rest. B) keep rolling without slowing down if no friction acted upon it. C) roll as long as its inertia nudged it along. D) eventually roll in the op posite direction. Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 2.2 8) W hen Galileo rolled a ball down and up an incline, he found that the ball rolled nearly to A) its initial height. B) halfway its original height. C) three - quarters its original height. D) higher than its original height. Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 2.2 9) According to Aristotle, a rolled ball eventually comes to a stop because A) of friction. B) of inertia. C) it seeks its natural state of rest. D) all of the above Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 2 .2

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    3 10) According to Galileo, a rolled ball eventually com es to a stop because A) of friction. B) of inertia. C) it seeks its natural state of rest. D) all of the above Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 2.2 11) The first scientist to be credited for discove ring the concept of inertia was A) Aristotle. B) Galileo. C) Newton. D) Copernicus. Answer: B Diff: 1 Objective: 2.2 12) In Galileo's thinking, inertia is a A) force like any other force. B) special kind of force. C) property of all matter. D) concept o pposite to force. Answer: C Diff: 1 Objective: 2.2 13) According to Galileo, the test of scientific truth is A) experiment. B) philosophical discussion. C) evident patterns in nature. D) logic. Answer: A Diff: 1 Objective: 2.2 14) A moving probe in s pace continues in its motion due to A) very low friction. B) its own inertia. C) it seeking a continued state of motion. D) none of the above Answer: B Diff: 2 Objective: 2.2

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