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Test Bank For University Physics, 13th Edition

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    1 University Physics, 13e (Young/Freedman) Chapter 1 Units, Physical Quantities, and Vectors 1.1 Conceptual Questions 1) The current definition of the standard meter of length is based on A) the distance between the earth's equator and north pole. B) the distance between the earth and the sun. C) the distance traveled by light in a vacuum. D) the length of a particular object kept in France. Answer: C Var: 1 2) The current definition of the standard second of time is based on A) the frequency of radiation emitted by cesium atoms. B) the earth's rotation rate. C) the duration of one year. D) the oscillation of a particular pendulum kept in France. Answer: A Var: 1 3) The current definition of the standard kilogram of mass is based on A) the mass of the earth. B) the mass of the sun. C) the mass a particular object kept in France. D) the mass of a cesium - 133 atom. Answer: C Var: 1 4) If a woman weighs 125 lb, her mass expressed in kilograms is x kg, where x is A) less than 125. B) greater than 125. Answer: A Var: 1 5) If a tree is 15 m tall, its height expressed in feet is x ft, where x is A) less than 15. B) greater than 15. Answer: B Var: 1 6) If a flower is 6.5 cm wide, its width expressed in millimeters is x mm, where x is A) less than 6.5. B) greater than 6.5. Answer: B Var: 1

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    2 7) If an operatic aria lasts for 5.75 min, its length expressed in seconds is x s, where x is A) less than 5.75. B) greater than 5.75. Answer: B Var: 1 8) Scientists use the metric system chiefly because it is more accurate than the English system. A) True B) False Answer: B Var: 1 9) When adding two numbers, the number of significant figures in the sum is equal to the number of significant figures in the least accurate of the numbers being added. A) True B) False Answer: B Var: 1 10) When determining the number of significant figures in a number, zeroes to the left of the decimal point are never counted. A) True B) False Answer: B Var: 1 11) Which of the following is an accurate statement? A) The magnitude of a vector can be zero even though one of its components is not zero. B) It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. C) Even though two vectors have unequal magnitudes, it is possible that their vector sum is zero. D) Rotating a vector about an axis passing through the tip of the vector does not change the vector. E) The magnitude of a vector is independent of the coordinate system used. Answer: E Var: 1 12) If - = 0, then the vectors and have equal magnitudes and are directed in the opposite directions from each other. A) True B) False Answer: B Var: 1

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    3 13) Under what condition is | - | = A + B ? A) The magnitude of vector is zero. B) Vectors and are in opposite directions. C) Vectors and are in the same direction. D) Vectors and a re in perpendicular directions. E) The statement is never true. Answer: B Var: 1 14) If A > B , under what condition is | - | = A - B ? A) The statement is never true. B) Vectors and are in opposite directions. C) Vectors and are in the same direction. D) Vectors and a re in perpendicular directions. E) The statement is always true. Answer: C Var: 1 15) For the vectors shown in the figure, express vector in terms of vectors and . Answer: = - Var: 1 16) The magnitude of a vector can never be less than the magnitude of one of its components. A) True B) False Answer: A Var: 1 17) If the magnitude of vector is less than the magnitude of vector , then the x component of is less than the x component of . A) True B) False Answer: B Var: 1

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    4 18) If the eastward component of vector is equal to the westward component of vector and their northward components are equal. Which one of the following statements about these two vectors is correct? A) Vector is parallel to vector . B) Vectors and point in opposite directions. C) Vector is perpendicular to vector . D) The magnitude of vector is equal to the magnitude of vector . E) The magnitude of vector is twice the magnitude of vector . Answer: D Var: 1 19) If all the components of a vector are equal to 1, then that vector is a unit vector. A) True B) False Answer: B Var: 1 20) If the dot product of two nonzero vectors is zero, the vectors must be perpendicular to each other. A) True B) False Answer: A Var: 1 21) If two nonzero vectors point in the same direction, their dot product must be zero. A) True B) False Answer: B Var: 1 22) The value of the dot product of two vectors depends on the particular coordinate system being used. A) True B) False Answer: B Var: 1 23) If two vectors are perpendicular to each other, their cross product must be zero. A) True B) False Answer: B Var: 1

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    5 24) If two vectors point in opposite directions, their cross product must be zero. A) True B) False Answer: A Var: 1 25) If and are nonzero vectors for which ∙ = 0, it must follow that A) × = 0. B) is parallel to . C) | × | = AB. D) | × | = 1. Answer: C Var: 1 1.2 Problems 1) Convert 1.2 × 10 - 3 to decimal notation. A) 1.200 B) 0.1200 C) 0.0120 D) 0.0012 E) 0.00012 Answer: D Var: 5 2) Write o ut the number 7.35 × 10 - 5 in full with a decimal point and correct number of zeros. A) 0.00000735 B) 0.0000735 C) 0.000735 D) 0.00735 E) 0.0735 Answer: B Var: 5 3) 0.0001776 can also be expressed as A) 1.776 × 10 - 3 . B) 1.776 × 10 - 4 . C) 17.72 × 10 4 . D) 1772 × 10 5 . E) 177.2 × 10 7 . Answer: B Var: 5

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    6 4) 0.00325 × 10 - 8 cm can also be expressed in mm as A) 3.25 × 10 - 12 mm. B) 3.25 × 10 - 11 mm. C) 3.25 × 10 - 10 mm. D) 3.25 × 10 - 9 mm. E) 3.25 × 10 - 8 mm. Answer: C Var: 1 5) If, in a parallel universe, π has the value 3.14149, express π in that universe to four significant figures. A) 3.141 B) 3.142 C) 3.1415 D) 3.1414 Answer: A Var: 1 6) The number 0.003010 has A) 7 significant figures. B) 6 significant figures. C) 4 sig nificant figures. D) 2 significant figures. Answer: C Var: 1 7) What is 74 . 0 674 . 0 to the proper number of significant figures? A) 0.91 B) 0.911 C) 0.9108 D) 0.9 Answer: A Var: 50+ 8) What is the value of π(8.104) 2 , written with the correct nu mber of significant figures? A) 206.324 B) 206.323 C) 206.3 D) 206 E) 200 Answer: C Var: 1

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    7 9) What is the sum of 1123 and 10.3 written with the correct number of significant figures? A) 1.13 × 10 3 B) 1133.3000 C) 1.1 × 10 3 D) 1133.3 E) 1133 Answer: E Var: 1 10) What is the sum of 1.53 + 2.786 + 3.3 written with the correct number of significant figures? A) 8 B) 7.6 C) 7.62 D) 7.616 E) 7.6160 Answer: B Var: 3 11) What is the difference between 103.5 and 102.24 written with the correct number of significant figures? A) 1 B) 1.3 C) 1.26 D) 1.260 E) 1.2600 Answer: B Var: 3 12) What is the product of 11.24 and 1.95 written with the correct number of significant figures? A) 22 B) 21.9 C) 21.92 D) 21.918 E) 21.9180 Answer: B Var: 3 13) What is the result of 1.58 ÷ 3.793 written with the correct number of significant figures? A) 4.1656 × 10 - 1 B) 4.166 × 10 - 1 C) 4.17 × 10 - 1 D) 4.2 × 10 - 1 E) 4 × 10 - 1 Answer: C Var: 3

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    8 14) What is 34 + (3) × (1.2465) written with the correct number of significant figures? A) 37.7 B) 37.74 C) 4 × 10 1 D) 38 E) 37.7395 Answer: D Var: 5 15) What is 56 + (32.00) / (1.2465 + 3.45) written with the correct number of significant figures? A) 62.8 B) 62.812 C) 62.81 D) 63 E) 62.8123846 Answer: D Var: 1 16) Add 3685 g and 66.8 kg and express your answer in milligrams (mg). A) 7.05 × 10 7 mg B) 7.05 × 10 4 mg C) 7.05 × 10 5 mg D) 7.05 × 10 6 mg Answer: A Var: 50+ 17) Express (4.3 × 10 6 ) - 1/2 in scientific notation. A) 4.8 × 10 - 4 B) 2.1 × 10 3 C) 2.1 × 10 - 5 D) 2.1 × 10 4 Answer: A Var: 40 18) What is 0.205 2/3 , expressed to the proper number of significant figures? A) 0.348 B) 0.35 C) 0.3 D) 0.3477 Answer: A Var: 50+

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    9 19) The length and width of a rectangle are 1.12 5 m and 0.606 m, respectively. Multiplying, your calculator gives the product as 0.68175. Rounding properly to the correct number of significant figures, the area should be written as A) 0.7 m 2 . B) 0.68 m 2 . C) 0.682 m 2 . D) 0.6818 m 2 . E) 0.68175 m 2 . Answer: C Var: 1 20) The following exact conversion equi valents are given: 1 m = 100 cm , 1 in = 2.54 cm, and 1 ft + 12 in. If a computer screen has an area of 1.27 ft 2 , this area is closest to A) 0.00284 m 2 . B) 0.0465 m 2 . C) 0.118 m 2 . D) 0.284 m 2 . E) 4.65 m 2 . Answer: C Var: 1 21) In addition to 1 m = 39.37 in., the following exact conversion equivalents are given: 1 mile = 5280 ft, 1 ft = 12 in, 1 hour = 60 min, and 1 min = 60 s. If a particle has a velocity of 8.4 miles per hour, its velocity, in m/s, is closest to A) 3.8 m/s. B) 3.0 m/s. C) 3.4 m/s. D) 4.1 m/s. E) 4.5 m/s. Answer: A Var: 50+ 22) A weight lifter can bench press 171 kg. How many milligrams (mg) is this? A) 1.71 × 10 8 mg B) 1.71 × 10 9 mg C) 1.71 × 10 7 mg D) 1.71 × 10 6 mg Answer: A Var: 50+

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    10 23) How many nanoseconds does it take for a computer to perform one calculation if it performs 6.7 × 10 7 calculations per second? A) 15 ns B) 67 ns C) 11 ns D) 65 ns Answer: A Var: 50+ 24) The shortest wavelength of visible light is approximately 400 nm. Express this wavelength in centimeters. A) 4 × 10 - 5 cm B) 4 × 10 - 7 cm C) 4 × 10 - 9 cm D) 4 × 10 - 11 cm E) 400 × 10 - 11 cm Answer: A Var: 1 25) The wavelength of a certain laser is 0.35 micrometers, where 1 micrometer = 1 × 10 - 6 m. Express this wavelength in nanometers. A) 3.5 × 10 2 nm B) 3.5 × 10 3 nm C) 3.5 × 10 1 nm D) 3.5 × 10 4 nm Answer: A Var: 50+ 26) A certain CD - ROM disk can store approximately 6.0 × 10 2 megabytes of information, where 10 6 bytes = 1 megabyte. If an average word requires 9.0 bytes of storage, how many words can be stored on one disk? A) 6.7 × 10 7 words B) 5.4 × 10 9 words C) 2.1 × 10 7 words D) 2.0 × 10 9 words Answer: A Var: 9

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    11 27) A plot of land contains 5.8 acres. How many square meters does it contain? [1 acre = 43,560 ft 2 ] A) 2.3 × 10 4 m 2 B) 7.1 × 10 3 m 2 C) 7.0 × 10 4 m 2 D) 5.0 × 10 4 m 2 Answer: A Var: 50+ 28) A person on a diet loses 1.6 kg in a week. How many micrograms/second ( μ g/s) are lost? A) 2.6 × 10 3 μ g/s B) 1.6 × 10 5 μ g/s C) 44 μ g/s D) 6.4 × 10 4 μ g/s Answer: A Var: 11 29) Albert uses as his unit of length (for walking to visit his neighbors or plowing his fields) the albert (A), the distance Albert can throw a small rock . One albert is 92 meters. How many square alberts is equal to one acre? (1 acre = 43,560 ft 2 = 4050 m 2 ) Answer: 1.29 A 2 Var: 50+ 30) Convert a speed of 4.50 km/h to units of ft/min. (1.00 m = 3.28 ft) A) 0.246 ft/min B) 82.3 ft/min C) 165 ft/min D) 246 ft/min E) 886 ft/min Answer: D Var: 1 31) The exhaust fan on a typical kitchen stove pulls 600 CFM (cubic feet per minute) through the filter. Given that 1.00 in. = 2.54 cm, how many cubic meters per second does this fan pull? A) 0.283 m 3 /sec B) 0.328 m 3 /sec C) 3.05 m 3 /sec D) 32.8 m 3 /sec Answer: A Var: 1

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    12 32) The mass of a typical adult woman is closest to A) 20 kg. B) 35 kg. C) 75 kg. D) 150 kg. Answer: C Var: 1 33) The height of the ceiling in a typical home, apartment, or dorm room is closest to A) 100 cm. B) 200 cm. C) 400 cm. D) 500 cm. Answer: B Var: 1 34) Approximately how many times does an average human heart beat in a year? A) 4 × 10 5 B) 4 × 10 6 C) 4 × 10 7 D) 4 × 10 8 E) 4 × 10 9 Answer: C Var: 1 35) Approximately how many times does an average human heart beat in a lifetime? A) 3 × 10 11 B) 3 × 10 10 C) 3 × 10 9 D) 3 × 10 8 E) 3 × 10 7 Answer: C Var: 1 36) Approximately how many pennies would you have to stack to reach an average 8 - foot ceiling? A) 2 × 10 2 B) 2 × 10 3 C) 2 × 10 4 D) 2 × 10 5 E) 2 x 10 6 Answer: B Var: 1

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    13 37) Estimate the number of times the earth will rotate on its axis during a human's lifetime. A) 3 × 10 4 B) 3 × 10 5 C) 3 × 10 6 D) 3 × 10 7 E) 3 x 10 8 Answer: A Var: 1 38) Estimate the number of pennies that would fit in a box one foot long by one foot wide by one foot tall. A) 5 × 10 2 B) 5 × 10 3 C) 5 × 10 4 D) 5 × 10 5 E) 5 x 10 6 Answer: C Var: 1 39) A marathon is 26 mi and 385 yd long. Estimate how many strides would be required to run a marathon. Assume a reasonable value for the average number of feet/stride. A) 4.5 × 10 4 strides B) 4.5 × 10 3 strides C) 4.5 × 10 5 strides D) 4.5 × 10 6 strides Answer: A Var: 1 40) The period of a pendulum is the time it takes the pendulum to swing back and forth once. If the only dimensi onal quantities that the period depends on are the acceleration of gravity, g , and the length of the pendulum, ℓ , what combination of g and ℓ must the period be proportional to? (Acceleration has SI units of m ∙ s - 2 .). A) g /ℓ B) g ℓ 2 C) g ℓ D)  g E) g /  Answer: E Var: 1

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    14 41) The speed of a wave pulse on a string depends on the tension, F , in the string and the mass per unit length, μ , of the string. Tension has SI units of kg · m · s - 2 and the mass per unit length ha s SI units of kg · m - 1 . What combination of F and μ must the speed of the wave be proportional to? A) F / μ B) μ / F C) F /  D) F  E)  / F Answer: A Var: 1 42) The position x , in meters, of an object is g iven by the equation x = A + Bt + Ct 2 , where t represents time in seconds. What are the SI units of A , B , and C ? A) m, m, m B) m, s, s C) m, s, s 2 D) m, m/s, m/s 2 E) m/s, m/s 2 , m/s 3 Answer: A Var: 1 43) You walk 55 m to the north, then turn 60° to your right and walk another 45 m. How far are you from where you originally started? A) 87 m B) 50 m C) 94 m D) 46 m Answer: A Var: 31

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    15 44) Vectors and are shown in the figure. Vector is given by = - . The magnitude of vector is 16.0 units, and the magnitude of vector is 7.00 units. What is the magnitude of vector ? A) 9.00 B) 9.53 C) 15.5 D) 16.2 E) 17.5 Answer: D Var: 1

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