University Physics with Modern Physics, 14th Edition Test Bank

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)The current definition of the standard meter of length is based onA)the length of a particular object kept in France.B)the distance between the earth's equator and north pole.C)the distance traveled by light in a vacuum.D)the distance between the earth and the sun.1)2)The current definition of the standard second of time is based onA)the frequency of radiation emitted by cesium atoms.B)the duration of one year.C)the earth's rotation rate.D)the oscillation of a particular pendulum kept in France.2)3)The current definition of the standard kilogram of mass is based onA)the mass of the earth.B)the mass a particular object kept in France.C)the mass of the sun.D)the mass of a cesium-133 atom.3)4)If a woman weighs 125 lb, her mass expressed in kilograms isxkg, wherexisA)less than 125.B)greater than 125.4)5)If a tree is 15 m tall, its height expressed in feet isxft, wherexisA)less than 15.B)greater than 15.5)6)If a flower is 6.5 cm wide, its width expressed in millimeters isxmm, wherexisA)less than 6.5.B)greater than 6.5.6)7)If an operatic aria lasts for 5.75 min, its length expressed in seconds isxs, wherexisA)less than 5.75.B)greater than 5.75.7)8)Scientists use the metric system chiefly because it is more accurate than the Englishsystem.A)TrueB)False8)9)When adding two numbers, the number of significant figures in the sum is equal to thenumber of significant figures in the least accurate of the numbers being added.A)TrueB)False9)10)When determining the number of significant figures in a number, zeroes to the left of thedecimal point are never counted.A)TrueB)False10)1

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11)Which of the following is an accurate statement?A)Rotating a vector about an axis passing through the tip of the vector does notchange the vector.B)The magnitude of a vector can be zero even though one of its components is notzero.C)It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector.D)The magnitude of a vector is independent of the coordinate system used.E)Even though two vectors have unequal magnitudes, it is possible that their vectorsum is zero.11)12)IfA-B= 0, then the vectorsAandBhave equal magnitudes and are directed in theopposite directions from each other.A)TrueB)False12)13)Under what condition is |A-B|=A + B?A)The magnitude of vectorBis zero.B)VectorsAandBare in the same direction.C)VectorsAandBare in opposite directions.D)VectorsAandBare in perpendicular directions.E)The statement is never true.13)14)IfA > B, under what condition is |A-B|=A - B?A)VectorsAandBare in opposite directions.B)VectorsAandBare in the same direction.C)VectorsAandBre in perpendicular directions.D)The statement is never true.E)The statement is always true.14)SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.15)For the vectors shown in the figure, express vectorSin terms of vectorsMandN.15)2

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.16)The magnitude of a vector can never be less than the magnitude of one of itscomponents.A)TrueB)False16)17)If the magnitude of vectorAis less than the magnitude of vectorB, then thexcomponent ofAis less than thexcomponent ofB.A)TrueB)False17)18)If the eastward component of vectorAis equal to the westward component of vectorBand their northward components are equal. Which one of the following statementsabout these two vectors is correct?A)VectorAis parallel to vectorB.B)The magnitude of vectorAis twice the magnitude of vectorB.C)VectorsAandBpoint in opposite directions.D)The magnitude of vectorAis equal to the magnitude of vectorB.E)VectorAis perpendicular to vectorB.18)19)If all the components of a vector are equal to 1, then that vector is a unit vector.A)TrueB)False19)20)If the dot product of two nonzero vectors is zero, the vectors must be perpendicular toeach other.A)TrueB)False20)21)If two nonzero vectors point in the same direction, their dot product must be zero.A)TrueB)False21)22)The value of the dot product of two vectors depends on the particular coordinatesystem being used.A)TrueB)False22)23)If two vectors are perpendicular to each other, their cross product must be zero.A)TrueB)False23)24)If two vectors point in opposite directions, their cross product must be zero.A)TrueB)False24)3

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25)IfAandBare nonzero vectors for whichA∙B=0, it must follow thatA)|A×B|=AB.B)Ais parallel toB.C)|A×B|= 1.D)A×B= 0.25)26)Convert 1.2 × 10-3 to decimal notation.A)1.200B)0.1200C)0.0120D)0.0012E)0.0001226)27)Write out the number 7.35 × 10-5 in full with a decimal point and correct number ofzeros.A)0.00000735B)0.0000735C)0.000735D)0.00735E)0.073527)28)0.0001776 can also be expressed asA)1.776 × 10-3.B)1.776 × 10-4.C)17.72 × 104.D)1772 × 105.E)177.2 × 107.28)29)0.00325 × 10-8 cm can also be expressed in mm asA)3.25 × 10-12 mm.B)3.25 × 10-11 mm.C)3.25 × 10-10 mm.D)3.25 × 10-9 mm.E)3.25 × 10-8 mm.29)30)If, in a parallel universe, π has the value 3.14149, express π in that universe to foursignificant figures.A)3.141B)3.142C)3.1415D)3.141430)31)The number 0.003010 hasA)7 significant figures.B)6 significant figures.C)4 significant figures.D)2 significant figures.31)32)What is 0.6740.74to the proper number of significant figures?A)0.91B)0.911C)0.9D)0.910832)4

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33)What is the value of π(8.104)2, written with the correct number of significant figures?A)206.324B)206.323C)206.3D)206E)20033)34)What is the sum of 1123 and 10.3 written with the correct number of significant figures?A)1.13 × 103B)1.1 × 103C)1133.3D)1133.3000E)113334)35)What is the sum of 1.53 + 2.786 + 3.3 written with the correct number of significantfigures?A)8B)7.6C)7.62D)7.616E)7.616035)36)What is the difference between 103.5 and 102.24 written with the correct number ofsignificant figures?A)1B)1.3C)1.26D)1.260E)1.260036)37)What is the product of 11.24 and 1.95 written with the correct number of significantfigures?A)22B)21.9C)21.92D)21.918E)21.918037)38)What is the result of 1.58 ÷ 3.793 written with the correct number of significant figures?A)4.2 × 10-1B)4.1656 × 10-1C)4.166 × 10-1D)4.17 × 10-1E)4 × 10-138)39)What is 34 + (3) × (1.2465) written with the correct number of significant figures?A)4 × 101B)37.7C)37.74D)37.7395E)3839)40)What is 56 + (32.00)/(1.2465 + 3.45) written with the correct number of significantfigures?A)62.812B)62.8C)63D)62.81E)62.812384640)5

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41)Add 3685 g and 66.8 kg and express your answer in milligrams (mg).A)7.05×107 mgB)7.05×105 mgC)7.05×104 mgD)7.05×106 mg41)42)Express (4.3×106)-1/2 in scientific notation.A)2.1×104B)2.1×103C)2.1×10-5D)4.8×10-442)43)What is 0.2052/3, expressed to the proper number of significant figures?A)0.35B)0.3C)0.348D)0.347743)44)The length and width of a rectangle are 1.125 m and 0.606 m, respectively. Multiplying,your calculator gives the product as 0.68175. Rounding properly to the correct numberof significant figures, the area should be written asA)0.7 m2.B)0.68 m2.C)0.682 m2.D)0.6818 m2.E)0.68175 m2.44)45)The following exact conversion equivalents are given: 1 m = 100 cm, 1 in = 2.54 cm,and 1 ft = 12 in. If a computer screen has an area of 1.27 ft2, this area is closest toA)0.284 m2.B)0.00284 m2.C)4.65 m2.D)0.0465 m2.E)0.118 m2.45)46)In addition to 1 m = 39.37 in., the following exact conversion equivalents are given:1 mile = 5280 ft, 1 hour = 60 min, and 1 min = 60 s. If a particle has a velocity of 8.4miles per hour, its velocity, in m/s, is closest toA)3.0 m/s.B)4.5 m/s.C)4.1 m/s.D)3.4 m/s.E)3.8 m/s.46)47)A weight lifter can bench press 171 kg. How many milligrams (mg) is this?A)1.71×108 mgB)1.71×109 mgC)1.71×107 mgD)1.71×106 mg47)48)How many nanoseconds does it take for a computer to perform one calculation if itperforms 6.7×107 calculations per second?A)67 nsB)11 nsC)15 nsD)65 ns48)6

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49)The shortest wavelength of visible light is approximately 400 nm. Express thiswavelength in centimeters.A)4×10-11 cmB)4×10-5 cmC)4×10-7 cmD)4×10-9 cmE)400×10-11 cm49)50)The wavelength of a certain laser is 0.35 micrometers, where1 micrometer = 1×10-6 m. Express this wavelength in nanometers.A)3.5×104nmB)3.5×102nmC)3.5×103nmD)3.5×101nm50)51)A certain CD-ROM disk can store approximately 6.0 × 102 megabytes of information,where 106 bytes = 1 megabyte. If an average word requires 9.0 bytes of storage, howmany words can be stored on one disk?A)2.1×107 wordsB)2.0×109 wordsC)5.4×109 wordsD)6.7×107 words51)52)A plot of land contains 5.8 acres. How many square meters does it contain?[1 acre = 43,560 ft2]A)5.0×104m2B)7.1×103m2C)7.0×104m2D)2.3×104m252)53)A person on a diet loses 1.6 kg in a week. How many micrograms/second (μg/s) arelost?A)2.6×103μg/sB)1.6×105μg/sC)6.4×104μg/sD)44μg/s53)SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.54)Albert uses as his unit of length (for walking to visit his neighbors or plowing hisfields) the albert (A), the distance Albert can throw a small rock. One albert is92 meters. How many square alberts is equal to one acre? (1 acre = 43,560 ft2 =4050 m2)54)7

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.55)Convert a speed of 4.50 km/h to units of ft/min. (1.00 m = 3.28 ft)A)886 ft/minB)82.3 ft/minC)165 ft/minD)0.246 ft/minE)246 ft/min55)56)The exhaust fan on a typical kitchen stove pulls 600 CFM (cubic feet per minute)through the filter. Given that 1.00 in. = 2.54 cm, how many cubic meters per seconddoes this fan pull?A)3.05 m3/secB)32.8 m3/secC)0.283m3/secD)0.328m3/sec56)57)The mass of a typical adult woman is closest toA)35 kg.B)20 kg.C)75 kg.D)150 kg.57)58)The height of the ceiling in a typical home, apartment, or dorm room is closest toA)100 cm.B)200 cm.C)400 cm.D)500 cm.58)59)Approximately how many times does an average human heart beat in a year?A)4 × 105B)4 × 108C)4 × 107D)4 × 109E)4 × 10659)60)Approximately how many times does an average human heart beat in a lifetime?A)3 × 1010B)3 × 109C)3 × 107D)3 × 108E)3 × 101160)61)Approximately how many pennies would you have to stack to reach an average 8-footceiling?A)2 × 104B)2 × 105C)2 × 103D)2 × 102E)2 × 10661)62)Estimate the number of times the earth will rotate on its axis during a human's lifetime.A)3 × 105B)3 × 108C)3 × 104D)3 × 106E)3 × 10762)63)Estimate the number of pennies that would fit in a box one foot long by one foot wideby one foot tall.A)5 × 103B)5 × 104C)5 × 106D)5 × 105E)5 × 10263)8

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64)A marathon is 26 mi and 385 yd long. Estimate how many strides would be required torun a marathon. Assume a reasonable value for the average number of feet/stride.A)4.5×104 stridesB)4.5×105 stridesC)4.5×103 stridesD)4.5×106 strides64)65)The period of a pendulum is the time it takes the pendulum to swing back and forthonce. If the only dimensional quantities that the period depends on are the accelerationof gravity,g, and the length of the pendulum,ℓ, what combination ofgandℓmust theperiod be proportional to? (Acceleration has SI units of m•s-2.)A)gℓ2B)ℓ/gC)gℓD)gℓE)g/ℓ65)66)The speed of a wave pulse on a string depends on the tension,F, in the string and themass per unit length,μ, of the string. Tension has SI units of kg•m•s-2 and the massper unit length has SI units of kg • m-1. What combination ofFandμmust the speed ofthe wave be proportional to?A)F /μB)μ/FC)F/μD)μ/ FE)μF66)67)The positionx, in meters, of an object is given by the equationx=A+Bt+Ct2, wheretrepresents time in seconds. What are the SI units ofA,B, andC?A)m, m/s, m/s2B)m, m, mC)m/s, m/s2, m/s3D)m, s, sE)m, s, s267)68)You walk 55 m to the north, then turn 60° to your right and walk another 45 m. Howfar are you from where you originally started?A)46 mB)50 mC)87 mD)94 m68)9

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69)VectorsAandBare shown in the figure. VectorCis given byC=B-A. Themagnitude of vectorAis 16.0 units, and the magnitude of vectorBis 7.00 units. Whatis the magnitude of vectorC?A)9.00B)17.5C)16.2D)9.53E)15.569)70)VectorsAandBare shown in the figure. VectorCis given byC=B-A. Themagnitude of vectorAis 16.0 units, and the magnitude of vectorBis 7.00 units. Whatis the angle of vectorC, measured counterclockwise from the +x-axis?A)22.4°B)292°C)287°D)73.1°E)16.9°70)10

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71)A rabbit trying to escape a fox runs north for 8.0 m, darts northwest for 1.0 m, thendrops 1.0 m down a hole into its burrow. What is the magnitude of the net displacementof the rabbit?A)10 mB)8.8 mC)8.1 mD)66 m71)72)You walk 53 m to the north, then turn 60° to your right and walk another 45 m.Determine the direction of your displacement vector. Express your answer as an anglerelative to east.A)63° N of EB)69° N of EC)57° N of ED)50° N of E72)73)VectorAhas a magnitude 5.00 and points in a direction 40.0° clockwise from thenegativeyaxis. What are thexandycomponents of vectorA.A)Ax = 4.29 andAy = 2.16B)Ax = -3.21 andAy = 3.83C)Ax = 3.83 andAy = 3.21D)Ax = 3.83 andAy = -3.21E)Ax = -3.21 andAy = -3.8373)74)The components of vectorAareAx= + 3.90 andAy= -4.00. What is the anglemeasured counterclockwise from the +x-axis to vectorA?A)136°B)314°C)224°D)134°E)46.0°74)SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.75)VectorAhas a magnitude of 5.5 cm and points along thex-axis. VectorBhasa magnitude of 7.5 cm and points at +30° above the negativex-axis.(a) Determine thexandycomponents of VectorA.(b) Determine thexandycomponents of VectorB.(c) Determinexandycomponents of the sum of these two vectors.(d) Determine the magnitude and direction of the sum of these two vectors.75)11

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76)VectorAhas a magnitude of 75.0 cm and points at 30° above the positivex-axis. VectorBhas a magnitude of 25.0 cm and points along the negativex-axis. VectorChas a magnitude of 40.0 cm and points at 45° below thenegativex-axis.(a) Determine thexandycomponents of VectorA.(b) Determine thexandycomponents of VectorB.(c) Determine thexandycomponents of VectorC.(d) Determinexandycomponents of the sum of these three vectors.(e) Determine the magnitude and direction of the sum of these three vectors.76)MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.77)A helicopter is flying horizontally with a speed of 444 m/s over a hill that slopes upwardwith a 2% grade (that is, the "rise" is 2% of the "run"). What is the component of thehelicopter's velocity perpendicular to the sloping surface of the hill?A)444 m/sB)220 m/sC)8.9 m/sD)435 m/s77)78)An apple falls from an apple tree growing on a 20° slope. The apple hits the ground withan impact velocity of 16.2 m/s straight downward. What is the component of the apple'simpact velocity parallel to the surface of the slope?A)15 m/sB)8.7 m/sC)12 m/sD)5.5 m/s78)79)The components of vectorAareAx= +2.2 andAy= -6.9, and the components ofvectorBare given areBx= -6.1 andBy= -2.2. What is the magnitude of the vectorB-A?A)6.1B)9.5C)9.9D)0.76E)9179)80)The components of vectorBareBx= -3.5 andBy= -9.7, and the components ofvectorCareCx= -6 andCy= +8.1. What is the angle (less than 180 degrees) betweenvectorsBandC?A)17°B)106°C)56°D)124°E)163°80)81)An airplane undergoes the following displacements: First, it flies 66 km in a direction30° east of north. Next, it flies 49 km due south. Finally, it flies 100 km 30° north ofwest. Using vector components, determine how far the airplane ends up from its startingpoint.A)78 kmB)76 kmC)79 kmD)82 kmE)81 km81)12

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SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.82)In the figure, the magnitude of vectorAis 18.0 units, and the magnitude ofvectorBis 12.0 units. What vectorCmust be added to the vectorsAandBso that the resultant of these three vectors points in the -xdirection and has amagnitude of 7.50 units? Use vector components to find your answer, andexpress vectorCby giving its magnitude and the angle it makes with the+x-axis taking counterclockwise to be positive.82)13

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.83)Three forces are exerted on an object placed on a tilted floor. Forces are vectors. Thethree forces are directed as shown in the figure. If the forces have magnitudesF1 =1.0N,F2 =8.0 N andF3 =7.0 N, where N is the standard unit of force, what is thecomponent of thenet forceFnet =F1 +F2 +F3 parallel to the floor?A)6.0 NB)7.8 NC)5.1 ND)2.5 N83)84)As shown in the figure, three force vectors act on an object. The magnitudes of theforces as shown in the figure areF1= 80.0 N,F2= 60.0 N, andF3= 40.0 N, where Nis the standard SI unit of force. The resultant force acting on the object is given byA)180 N at an angle 60.0° with respect to +x-axis.B)40.0 N at an angle 60.0° with respect to+x-axis.C)35.5 N at an angle 34.3° with respect to +x-axis.D)60.0 N at an angle 90.0° with respect to +x-axis.E)20.0 N at an angle 34.3° with respect to +x-axis.84)14

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85)A teacher sends her students on a treasure hunt. She gives the following instructions:1. Walk 300 m north.2. Walk 400 m northwest.3. Walk 700 m east-southeast and the treasure is buried there.As all the other students walk off following the instructions, Jane physics studentquickly adds the displacements and walks in a straight line to find the treasure. How farand in what direction does Jane need to walk?A)187 m in a direction 67.3° north of eastB)481 m in a direction 40.9° north of eastC)284 m in a direction 28.2° west of northD)399 m in a direction 52.5° north of eastE)The treasure position cannot be reached in one straight walk.85)86)VectorA= -3.00i^+ 3.00j^and vectorB= 3.00i^+ 4.00j^. What is vectorC=A+B?A)7.00i^+ 7.00j^B)-3.00i^+ 7.00j^C)0.00i^+ 7.00j^D)-3.00i^- 3.00j^E)0.00i^+ 3.00j^86)87)VectorA= 1.00i^+ -2.00j^and vectorB= 3.00i^+ 4.00j^. What are the magnitude anddirection of vectorC=A+B?A)7.21 in a direction 33.7° counterclockwise from the positivexaxisB)7.21 in a direction 56.3° counterclockwise from the positivexaxisC)4.47 in a direction 26.6° counterclockwise from the positivexaxisD)6.00 in a direction 63.4° counterclockwise from the positivexaxisE)4.47 in a direction 6.34° counterclockwise from the positivexaxis87)88)What is the magnitude ofA + B + C, whereA= 1.00i^+ 4.00j^- 1.00k^,B= 3.00i^- 1.00j^- 4.00k^andC= -1.00i^+ 1.00j^?A)8.12B)2.00C)6.78D)7.07E)10.7688)89)IfA= +4i^- 2j^- 3k^andC= -4i^-2j^- 3k^, which of the following numbers is closestto the magnitude ofA-C?A)10B)8C)11D)7E)989)15

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