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PSY 405 Dispositional, Biological and Evolutionary Theory

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    PSY 405 Dispositional, Biological and Evolutionary Theory Describe the differences between dispositional and evolutionary or biological personality theories.  Discuss the strengths and limitations of dispositional and evolutionary or biological personality theories as they apply to behavior.  Discuss the Big Five personality test and how it is used to study personality. Dispositional, Biological and Evolutionary Theory PSY 405 Introduction There are many theories which are used to explain personality. Dispositional theories explain the relationship between personality and attributes. The most well known dispositional theories are factor, tract and Allport’s Psychology of individual theory (Paul, 2009). This chapter will discuss the differences between dispositional and evolutionary or biological personality theories, the strengths or both and how the Big Five personality test is used in the study of personality. The differences between dispositional and biological theories The assumptions of dispositional theories vary from those of other theorists because they provide the basis of study for personality. On the other hand, biological or evolutionary theories believe that personality development is mainly governed by biological maturation in an individual. Environmental factors which may also influence an individual personality are viewed as part of evolutionary theories (Peterson, 2013). Biological oriented personality theories argue that specific environmental factors are not necessary for a species development but the factors are viewed as a provider of opportunities for biological development. Environmental factors in biological theories are required for an individual personality functional and adaptive development. Dispositional theories bring together several thoughts about human personality. The basis of these theories is that human nature is a combination of both genetics and heritage and they have permanent effects on how an individual present himself to the world. Some dispositional theories such as Gordon Allport believe that many aspects of an individual are factors and traits of personality. Some of the dispositional traits are visible while others are

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