Study GuideSociology–The Sociological Perspective1. Sociology in America1.1How Sociology Came to the United StatesSociology came to the United States from Europe around the beginning of the 20th century. EarlyAmericansociologists wanted to understand the major social problems of their time. These problemsincluded crime, racial inequality, and economic hardship.Although American sociologists shared concerns with European thinkers, their approach wasdifferent. European sociologists focused more on creating large theories about how society works.American sociologists preferred practical solutions to specific problems, such as child labor andunsafe working conditions.1.2Jane Addams and Hull HouseOne of the most important figures in early American sociology was Jane Addams (1860–1935). She isconsidered a founder of American sociology and strongly believed that research should be used toimprove people’s lives.Jane Addams established Hull House in Chicago. Hull House was both a community center and aplace for sociological research. Many of the sociologists who worked there were women. Theybelieved in using sociological knowledge to solve real social problems.The sociologists at Hull House studied issues such as unfair labor practices, child labor, workerexploitation, poverty, juvenile delinquency, and discrimination against women, minorities, and theelderly.They used a research method called mapping. This method involved collecting data like age, gender,and income level, placing the information on maps, and studying patterns. Mapping helped them seewhere social problems were most serious.Preview Mode
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