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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Document preview page 1

Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 1

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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023)

Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) is the ultimate study tool to help you pass your exam on the first try.

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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 1 preview image+Studyxy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 4 preview imageThePrincetonReviewPublishingTeamRobFranek,Editor-in-ChiefDavidSoto,SeniorDirector,DataOperationsStephenKoch,SeniorManager,DataOperationsDeborahWeber,DirectorofProductionJasonUllmeyer,ProductionDesignManagerJenniferChapman,SeniorProductionArtistSelenaCoppock,DirectorofEditorialOrionMcBean,SeniorEditorAaronRiccio,SeniorEditorMeaveShelton,SeniorEditorChrisChimera,EditorPatriciaMurphy,EditorLauraRose,EditorPenguinRandomHousePublishingTeamTomRussell,VP,PublisherAlisonStoltzfus,SeniorDirector,PublishingBrettWright,SeniorEditorEmilyHoffman,AssociateManagingEditorEllenReed,ProductionManagerSuzanneLee,DesignerEugeniaLo,PublishingAssistantThePrincetonReview110East42ndSt.,7thFloorNewYork,NY10017Copyright©2023byTPREducationIPHoldings,LLC.AllrightsreservedPublishedintheUnitedStatesbyPenguinRandomHouseLLC,NewYork.TermsofService:ThePrincetonReviewOnlineCompanionTools(“StudentTools’)forretailbooksareavailableforonlythetwomostrecenteditionsofthatbook.StudentToolsmaybeactivatedonlytwicepereligiblebookpurchasedfortwoconsecutive12-monthperiods,foratotalof24monthsofaccess.ActivationofStudentToolsmorethantwiceperbookisindirectviolationoftheseTermsofServiceandmayresultindiscontinuationofaccesstoStudentToolsServices.ISBN9780593517031EbookISBN9780593517048APisatrademarkregisteredandownedbytheCollegeBoard,whichisnotaffiliatedwith,anddoesnotendorse,thisproduct.ThePrincetonReviewisnotaffiliatedwithPrincetonUniversity.Editor:LauraRoseProductionEditors:NinaMozesandWendyRosenProductionArtist:LindseyCleworthContentContributor:GabrielleBudzonCoverartbyStellaPhotography/AlamyStockPhotoCoverdesignbySuzanneLeePhotoselectionandlayoutbyCarlingDesign,Inc.Forcustomerservice,pleasecontacteditorialsupport@review.com,andbesuretoinclude:«fullttleofthebook«ISBN|vv1StudyXY
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 6 preview imageAcknowledgmentsThePrincetonReviewwouldliketothankGabrielleBudzonandLindseyCleworthfortheirhardworkonrevisionstothisedition.+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 7 preview imageContentsGetMore(Free)ContentPartI:UsingThisBooktoImproveYourAPScorePreview:YourKnowledge,YourExpectationsYourGuidetoUsingThisBookHowtoBeginPartII:PracticeTest1PracticeTest1PracticeTest1:DiagnosticAnswerKeyandExplanationsHowtoScorePracticeTest1PartIll:AbouttheAPBiologyExamTheStructureoftheAPBiologyExamHowtheAPBiologyExamIsScoredOverviewofContentTopicsBreakdownofFreeResponseQuestionsHowAPExamsAreUsedOtherResourcesDesigningYourStudyPlanPartIV:Test-TakingStrategiesfortheAPBiologyExamPreview1HowtoApproachMultiple-ChoiceQuestions2HowtoApproachFree-ResponseQuestions3UsingTimeEffectivelytoMaximizePointsPartV:ContentReviewfortheAPBiologyExam4ChemistryofLifeElementsSubatomicParticlesCompoundsWater:TheVersatileMoleculeAcidsandBasesOrganicMolecules
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 8 preview imageKeyTermsChapter4Drill5CellStructureandFunctionLivingThingsTypesofCellsandOrganellesTransport:TrafficAcrossMembranesKeyTermsChapter5Drill6CellularEnergeticsBioenergeticsEnzymesReactionCouplingandATPPhotosynthesisTheLightReactionsCellularRespirationKeyTermsChapter6Drill7CellCommunicationandCellCycleCellCommunicationFeedbackTheCellCycleInterphase:TheGrowingPhaseMitosis:TheDanceoftheChromosomesKeyTermsChapter7Drill8HeredityHaploidsVersusDiploidsGregorMendel:TheFatherofGeneticsNon-MendelianGeneticsSex-LinkedTraitsEnvironmentalEffectonTraitsAnOverviewofMeiosisKeyTermsChapter8Drill9GeneExpressionandRegulationDNA:TheBlueprintofLifeGenomeStructure
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 9 preview imageDNAReplicationRNATranslationRegulationofGeneExpressionandCellSpecializationMutationsBiotechnologyKeyTermsChapter9Drill10NaturalSelectionNaturalSelectionCommonAncestryGeneticVariabilityCausesofEvolutionSpeciesPopulationGeneticsOriginsofLifeonEarthKeyTermsChapter10Drill11EcologyInteractingwiththeEnvironmentBehaviorHowAnimalsCommunicatePlantBehaviorEcologyPopulationEcologyEcologicalSuccessionHumanImpactontheEnvironmentKeyTermsChapter11Drill12QuantitativeSkillsandBiostatisticsSummarizingandPresentingDataTypesofDataTypesofExperimentsorQuestionsProbabilityHypothesisTestingKeyTermsChapter12Drill
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 10 preview image13SampleFree-ResponseQuestionsSectionII:Free-ResponseScoringGuidelinesSampleEssaysHowtoUsetheSampleFree-ResponseQuestions14LaboratoryLab1:ArtificialSelectionLab2:MathematicalModeling:Hardy-WeinbergLab3:ComparingDNASequencestoUnderstandEvolutionaryRelationshipswithBLASTLab4:DiffusionandOsmosisLab5:PhotosynthesisLab6:CellularRespirationLab7:MitosisandMeiosisLab8:Biotechnology:BacterialTransformationLab9:Biotechnology:RestrictionEnzymeAnalysisofDNALab10:EnergyDynamicsLab11:TranspirationLab12:FruitFlyBehaviorLab13:EnzymeActivity15ChapterDrillAnswersandExplanationsAPBiologyEquationsandFormulasPartVI:AdditionalPracticeTestsPracticeTest2PracticeTest2:AnswersandExplanationsPracticeTest3PracticeTest3:AnswersandExplanations
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 11 preview image1GotoPrincetonReview.com/prepandenterthefollowingISBNforyourbook:97805935170482AnswerafewsimplequestionstosetupanexclusivePrincetonReviewaccount.(Ifyoualreadyhaveone,youcanjustlogin.)3EnjoyaccesstoyourFREEcontent!Needtoreportapotentialcontentissue?ContactEditorialSupport@review.comandinclude:«fulltitleofthebook«ISBN«pagenumberNeedtoreportatechnicalissue?ContactTPRStudentTech@review.comandprovide:«yourfullname«emailaddressusedtoregisterthebook«fullbooktitleandISBN«Operatingsystem(Mac/PC)andbrowser(Chrome,Firefox,Safari,etc.)Onceyou’veregistered,youcan...«Getourtakeonanylate-breakingdevelopmentstotheAPBiologyExam*Getvaluableadviceaboutthecollegeapplicationprocess,includingtipsforwritingagreatessayandwheretoapplyforfinancialaid«UseoursearchablerankingsofTheBest389Collegestofindoutmoreinformationaboutyourdreamschool.«Accesscomprehensivestudyguidesandavarietyofprintableresources,includingbubblesheetsandtheAPBiologyequationandformulatables«Checktoseeiftherehavebeenanycorrectionsorupdatestothisedition+StudyXY
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 12 preview imageLookForTheseIconsThroughoutThePROVENTECHNIQUESAPPLIEDSTRATEGIESOTHERREFERENCES
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 13 preview image+Studyxy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 14 preview imagePartIUsingThisBooktoImproveYourAPScore+Preview:YourKnowledge,YourExpectations+YourGuidetoUsingThisBook+HowtoBegin
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 15 preview imagePREVIEW:YOURKNOWLEDGE,YOUREXPECTATIONSYourroutetoahighscoreontheAPBiologyExamdependsalotonhowyouplantousethisbook.Startthinkingaboutyourplanbyrespondingtothefollowingquestions.1.RateyourlevelofconfidenceaboutyourknowledgeofthecontenttestedbytheAPBiologyExam.A.Veryconfident—IknowitallB.I'mprettyconfident,buttherearetopicsforwhichIcouldusehelpC.Notconfident—IneedquiteabitofsupportD.I’mnotsure2.Ifyouhaveagoalscoreinmind,chooseyourgoalscorefortheAPBiologyExam.54321I’mnotsureyet3.Whatdoyouexpecttolearnfromthisbook?Chooseallthatapplytoyou.A.AgeneraloverviewofthetestandwhattoexpectB.StrategiesforhowtoapproachthetestC.ThecontenttestedbythisexamD.I’mnotsureyetYOURGUIDETOUSINGTHISBOOKThisbookisorganizedtoprovideasmuch—oraslittle—supportasyouneed,soyoucanusethisbookinwhateverwaywillbemosthelpfultoimprovingyourscoreontheAPBiologyExam.«TheremainderofPartIwillprovideguidanceonhowtousethisbookandhelpyoudetermineyourstrengthsandweaknesses.«PartIIofthisbookcontainsyourfirstpracticetest,aDiagnosticAnswerKey,detailedanswersandexplanationsforeachquestion,andascoringguide.(BubblesheetscanbefoundatthebackofthisbookorprintedfromyouronlineStudentTools.)Thisiswhereyoushouldbeginyourtestpreparationinordertorealisticallydetermine:©yourstartingpointrightnow°whichquestiontypesyou’rereadyforandwhichyoumightneedtopracticeowhichcontenttopicsyouarefamiliarwithandwhichyouwillwanttocarefullyreview+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 16 preview imageRoomtoWriteOntheactualtest,youwillbegivenspacealongwiththebubblesheettorecordyouranswersforeachfree-responsequestion.Youshouldusescrappaperforthefree-responsesonthesepracticetests(diagramsthatneedtobecompletedhavebeenincludedinthebook).Afteryou'vegottenahangofthetiming,beawareofhowmuchspaceeachresponseistakingup,incaseyouneedtowriteinsmallerprintorusefewerwordsonthetest.Onceyouhavenaileddownyourstrengthsandweaknesseswithregardtothisexam,youcanfocusyourtestpreparation,buildastudyplan,andbeefficientwithyourtime.OurDiagnosticAnswerKeywillassistyouwiththisprocess.ThecontentinthisbookaccuratelydescribeswhattheCollegeBoardhasplannedforitsMay2024exam,butintheeventthereareanylate-breakingchanges,pleaseregisteryourbookonline(it'sfree!)toseeifthereareanyupdates.«PartIIIofthisbookwill:°provideinformationaboutthestructure,scoring,andcontentoftheAPBiologyExam©helpyoutomakeastudyplan©pointyoutowardadditionalresources«PartIVofthisbookwillexplore:>howtohandlemultiple-choicequestions°howtowritehigh-scoringfree-responseanswers>howtomanageyourtimetomaximizethenumberofpointsavailabletoyou«PartVofthisbookcoversthecontentyouneedforyourexam.«PartVIofthisbookcontainsPracticeTests2and3,andtheiranswersandexplanations.CompareyourprogressbetweenthesetestsandwithPracticeTest1.Ifyouansweracertaintypeofquestionwrongseveraltimes,youprobablyneedtoreviewit.Ifyouansweritwrongonlyonce,youmayhaverunoutoftimeorbeendistracted.Ineithercase,comparingyourprogresswillallowyoutofocusonthefactorsthatcausedthediscrepancyinscoresandtobeaspreparedaspossibleonthedayofthetest.1Study.
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 17 preview imageYoumaychoosetoprioritizesomepartsofthisbookoverothers,oryoumayworkthroughtheentirebook.Yourapproachwilldependonyourneedsandhowmuchtimeyouhave.Let’sexaminehowtomakethisdetermination.1.TakePracticeTest1Beforeyoucandecidehowtousethisbook,youneedtotakeapracticetest.Doingsowillgiveyouinsightintoyourstrengthsandweaknesses,andthetestwillalsohelpyoumakeaneffectivestudyplan.Ifyou'refeelingtest-phobic,remindyourselfthatapracticetestisjustatoolfordiagnosingyourself—it’snothowwellyoudothatmatters.Aslongasyoutryyourbest,youcangleaninvaluableinformationfromyourperformancetoguideyourpreparation.So,beforeyoureadfurther,takePracticeTest1startingonthispageofthisbook.Besuretofinishinonesitting,followingtheinstructionsthatappearbeforethetest.AreYouaVisualLearner?Ifyou'regettingoverwhelmedbyalloftheconceptsforanAPcourse,considerlookingatourFastTrackorASAPbooks,availableforsomeAPsubjects.Thesehandyguidesfocusonthemost-testedcontentorpresentitinafriendly,illustratedfashion:2.CheckYourAnswersUsingtheDiagnosticAnswerKeyonthispage,followourthree-stepprocesstoidentifyyourstrengthsandweaknesseswithregardtothetestedtopics.Thiswillhelpyoudeterminewhichcontentreviewchapterstoprioritizewhenstudyingthisbook.Don’tworryabouttheexplanationsfornow,anddon’tworryaboutmissedquestions.We'llgettothatsoon.3.ReflectontheTestAfteryoutakeyourfirsttest,respondtothefollowingquestions:«Howmuchtimedidyouspendonthemultiple-choicequestions?«Howmuchtimedidyouspendoneachfree-responsequestion?+Howmanymultiple-choicequestionsdidyoumiss?«Doyoufeelyouhadtheknowledgetoaddressthesubjectmatterofthefree-responsequestions?+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 18 preview image«Doyoufeelyouwrotewell-organized,thoughtfulresponsestothefree-responsequestions?4.ReadPartIIIofthisBookandCompletetheSelf-EvaluationAsdiscussedintheGuidesectionabove,PartIIIwillprovideinformationonhowthetestisstructuredandscored.Itwillalsosetoutareasofcontentthataretested.AsyoureadPartIII,re-evaluateyouranswerstothequestionsabove.AttheendofPartIII,youwillrevisitandrefinethosequestions.Youwillthenbeabletomakeastudyplan,basedonyourneedsandtimeavailable,thatwillallowyoutousethisbookmosteffectively.5.EngagewithPartsIVandVasNeededNoticethewordengage.You'llgetmoreoutofthisbookifyouuseitintentionallythanifyoureaditpassively,hopingforanimprovedscorethroughosmosis.ThestrategychaptersinPartIVwillhelpyouthinkaboutyourapproachtothequestiontypesonthisexam.PartIVwillopenwitharemindertothinkabouthowyouapproachquestionsnow,andthenclosewithareflectionsectionaskingyoutothinkabouthoworwhetheryouwillchangeyourapproachinthefuture.ThecontentchaptersinPartVaredesignedtoprovideareviewofthecontenttestedontheAPBiologyExam,includingthelevelofdetailyouneedtoknowandhowthecontentistested.Youwillhavetheopportunitytoassessyourunderstandingofthecontentofeachchapterthroughtest-appropriatequestions.|knowwejustsaidthisonthepreviouspage,butit'sworthrepeating!Thestrategy,content,andpracticetestchaptersinthiseditionareup-to-datewiththemostrecentAPBiologyredesigns.Ifyouregisteryourbookonline,you'llhavefreeaccesstoanyfurtherupdates.6.TakeAnotherTestandAssessYourPerformanceOnceyoufeelyouhavedevelopedthestrategiesyouneedandgainedtheknowledgeyoulacked,youshouldtakePracticeTest2,whichstartsonthispageofthisbook.Youshouldfinishinonesitting,followingtheinstructionsatthebeginningofthetest.+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 19 preview image‘Whenyouaredone,checkyouranswerstothemultiple-choicesections.Seeifateacherwillreadyouressaysandprovidefeedback.Onceyouhavetakenthetest,reflectonwhatareasyoustillneedtoworkonandrevisitthechaptersinthisbookthataddressthosedeficiencies.Onceyoufeelconfident,takePracticeTest3,andrepeattheprocess.Throughthistypeofreflectionandengagement,youwillcontinuetoimprove.7.KeepWorkingAfteryouhaverevisitedcertainchaptersinthisbook,continuetheprocessoftesting,reflection,andengagingwiththecontentinthisbookandonline.Considerwhatadditionalworkyouneedtodoandhowyouwillchangeyourstrategicapproachtodifferentpartsofthetest.AswewilldiscussinPartII,thereareotherresourcesavailabletoyou,includingawealthofinformationatAPStudents,theofficialsiteoftheAPExams.Youcancontinuetoexploreareaswhereyouneedmoreimprovementandengageinthoseareasrightuptothedayofthetest.GoOnline!CheckusoutonYouTubefortest-takingtipsandtechniquestohelpyouaceyournextexamatyoutube.com/ThePrincetonReview.+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 20 preview imagePartIIPracticeTest1+PracticeTest1+PracticeTest1:DiagnosticAnswerKeyandExplanations+HowtoScorePracticeTest1
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 21 preview imagePracticeTest1ClickheretodownloadaPDFofPracticeTest1.
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 22 preview imageTheExamAP®BiologyExamSECTIONI:Multiple-ChoiceQuestionsDONOTOPENTHISBOOKLETUNTILYOUARETOLDTODOSO.AtaGlanceTotalTime1hourand30minutesNumberofQuestions60PercentofTotalScore50%WritingInstrumentPencilrequiredInstructionsSectionIofthisexaminationcontains60multiple-choicequestions.Indicateallofyouranswerstothemultiple-choicequestionsontheanswersheet.AnswersheetsareavailableinthebackofthisbookandonlineinyourStudentsTools(MoreFreeContent).Nocreditwillbegivenforanythingwritteninthisexambooklet,butyoumayusethebookletfornotesorscratchwork.Afteryouhavedecidedwhichofthesuggestedanswersisbest,completelyfillinthecorrespondingovalontheanswersheet.Giveonlyoneanswertoeachquestion.Ifyouchangeananswer,besurethatthepreviousmarkiserasedcompletely.Hereisasamplequestionandanswer.SampleQuestionChicagoisa(A)state(B)city(C)country(D)continentSampleAnswer+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 23 preview imageUseyourtimeeffectively,workingasquicklyasyoucanwithoutlosingaccuracy.Donotspendtoomuchtimeonanyonequestion.Goontootherquestionsandcomebacktotheonesyouhavenotansweredifyouhavetime.Itisnotexpectedthateveryonewillknowtheanswerstoallthemultiple-choicequestions.AboutGuessingManycandidateswonderwhetherornottoguesstheanswerstoquestionsaboutwhichtheyarenotcertain.Multiple-choicescoresarebasedonthenumberofquestionsansweredcorrectly.Pointsarenotdeductedforincorrectanswers,andnopointsareawardedforunansweredquestions.Becausepointsarenotdeductedforincorrectanswers,youareencouragedtoanswerallmultiple-choicequestions.Onanyquestionsyoudonotknowtheanswerto,youshouldeliminateasmanychoicesasyoucan,andthenselectthebestansweramongtheremainingchoices.+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 24 preview imageBIOLOGYSECTIONI60QuestionsTime—90minutesDirections:Eachofthequestionsorincompletestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfoursuggestedanswersorcompletions.Selecttheonethatisbestineachcaseandthenfillinthecorrespondingovalontheanswersheet.Questions1-5refertothefollowingpassage.Thefollowingtableliststheintracellularosmolalityconcentrationsoffourosmoconformingorganismsthatareknowntomimictheosmoticconditionsoftheirsurroundings.Table1.OsmolalityconcentrationsofosmoconformingorganismsOrganism1100mOsmkg!Organism2400mOsmkg!Organism3500mOsmkg!Organism4150mOsmkg!Organism5350mOsmkg!1.Ifalargeamountofsaltwasaddedtothesealedtankwhereorganism4wasbeingkept,whatwouldbetheeffectontheintracellularosmolalityoforganism4?(A)Increaseinitiallyandthenreturntotheinitialstate(B)Increaseandmaintaintheincreasedstate(C)Decreaseandthenreturntotheinitialstate(D)Decreaseandmaintainthedecreasedstate2.Whichofthefollowingwouldlikelyhavethelargestdirecteffectondatainthetable?(A)Amutationinacytoskeletonprotein(B)Amutationinaproteininthesodium-potassiumpumpcomplex(C)Amutationinalipidintheouterchloroplastmembrane(D)Amutationinanuclearporechannelprotein+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 25 preview image3.Whichcoulddecreasetheosmolalitiesoftheorganisms?(A)Sodiumisaddedtothesealedtank.(B)Chlorideisinjectedintotheorganism.(C)Glucoseisingestedbytheorganism.(D)Waterisaddedtothesealedtank.4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestheinsidesoftheseorganismscomparedtotheenvironmentinthetankwhentheyreachosmoconformity?(A)Duetotheinfluxofwaterintotheorganisms’cells,theorganisms’insidesarehypertonicwhencomparedtothetank.(B)Comparedtothetank,thelossofwateroutoftheorganisms’cellsmakestheorganisms’insideshypotonic.(C)Theorganisms”insidesareisotonicsincetheintracellularosmolalityconcentrationsmatchtheosmolalityconcentrationsofthetank.(D)Theflowofwaterintoandoutoftheorganisms’insidescausesthecellstoberetrotonic.5.ApopulationoforganismsthatarenotosmoconformersisdroppedintothetankwithOrganism1.TheintracellularosmolalityofOrganism1beginstoslightlydecrease.Whichofthefollowingcouldexplainthis?(A)Theneworganismswerehypotoniccomparedtothetankandtheylostwaterviaosmosis.(B)Theneworganismsexpelledwasteproductsthatincreasedthetank’sosmolality.(C)Theneworganismcompetedwithorganism1forfoodandcausedittobecomeactive.(D)Theneworganismingestedlargeamountsoffluidandthetankfluidleveldecreased.Questions6-9refertothefollowingpassage.TheactivesiteoftheenzymeRitzolinine(RZN45)containsthreepositivelychargedlysineresidues.Whenascorbicacidispresent,bindingofJB-76,thesubstrateofRZN45,decreases.Thereactionrateisaffectedbythepresenceofascorbicacidasshowninthefigurebelow.ItisthoughtthatadailysupplementofVitaminCmightaidthosesufferingfromRitzolierre’sDisease,whichiscausedbyelevatedlevelsofRZN45.
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 26 preview imageFigure1.Reactionratebasedonascorbicacid6.Whichofthefollowingislikelytrue?(A)RZN45andJB-76havesimilarlychargedaminoacidsattheiractivesites.(B)RitzolinineisstabilizedinthepresenceofVitaminC.(C)AscorbicacidandJB-76eachhaveapocketofnegativelychargedaminoacids.(D)JB-76andascorbicacidhaveanidenticalnumberofaminoacids.7.WhichisthebestexplanationforthedifferingeffectsonreactionratecausedbyascorbicacidatlowandhighconcentrationsofJB-76?(A)AthighconcentrationsofJB-76,therearefewerfreeactivesitesfortheascorbicacidtobindto.(B)AtlowconcentrationsofJB-76,therearefewerfreeallostericsitesfortheRZN45tobindto.(C)AthighconcentrationsofJB-76,therearemorefreeallostericsitesfortheascorbicacidtobindto.(D)AtlowconcentrationsofJB-76,therearemorefreeactivesitesfortheRZN45tobindto.8.ApatientwithRitzolierre’sDiseasewouldlikelybenefitfromwhichofthefollowing:1.InjectionsofRZN45II.InjectionsofJB-76III.Injectionsofascorbicacid(A)Ionly(B)ITonly(C)IIIonly(D)ITandIIT9.IfFigure1weretoincludeadditionaldataforhigherconcentrationsofJB-76,howwouldthereactionratechange?(A)ThereactionratewouldbelowerthananyreactionrateshowninFigure1.(B)ThereactionratewouldbehigherthananyreactionrateshowninFigure1.(C)ThereactionratewouldbeequaltothehighestreactionrateshowninFigure1.+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 27 preview image(D)ThereactionratewouldincreasegraduallyforeachconcentrationofJB-76added.10.TheGalapagosIslandscontainabout15speciesoffinchesthatvaryintermsofbeaksizeandstrength.Thedifferencesarebelievedtohaveoccurredasaresultofallopatricspeciationactingonthefinchpopulations.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainshowthefinchpopulationsdevelopeddifferentbeaks?(A)Asfinchesmigratedbetweenislands,allelesweretransferredbetweenpopulationsthroughtheprocessofgeneflow.(B)Geneticdriftoccurredduetoahurricaneneartheislands,causingabottleneckeffect.(C)Throughconvergentevolution,thefinchesdevelopedcomparablefeaturesduetobeingexposedtocomparableselectivepressures.(D)Geographicisolationbetweenthedifferentislandskeptthepopulationsfrombreedingwitheachother,andeachpopulationevolvedseparately.11.AcellexperiencesanondisjunctioneventinMeiosisI.Calculatethechancesofeachresultinggameteexhibitinganormalkaryotype.(A)0%(B)25%(C)50%(D)100%Questions12-16refertothefollowingpassage.AgeneresponsibleforproductionofhairpigmentindogsiscalledFursilla(frsl).AmapoftheFursillalocusisshowninFigure1,below.Whenexpressed,itresultsindarklypigmenteddogfur.Whenunexpressed,thehairisdevoidofpigmentationandappearspurewhite.ExpressionofFursilla(frsl)dependsonthebinding/lackofbindingofseveralproteins:Nefur(NEFR),Lesfur(LSFR),andDirkfur(DRKFR).Figure2showstherelativelevelsoffrsltranscriptasmeasuredviaRT-qPCRwheneachproteinisoverexpressedorunexpressedinthecell.Figure1.MapoftheFursillaregionofchromosome8Figure2.RelativeamountsofFursillatranscript+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 28 preview image12.ScientistsidentifiedamutantalleleoftheFursillagenecausedbyadeletionofbases1231-1295onchromosome8.Whatisthelikelyeffectofthismutation?(A)NotranscriptionandnotranslationofFursillawilloccur.(B)Transcriptionwillnotoccur,buttranslationwillbeunaffected.(C)TranscriptionofFursillawilloccur,butnotranslationwilloccur.(D)BothtranscriptionandtranslationofFursillawillbeunaffected.13.Whichofthefollowingwouldlikelyproduceadogwiththedarkestfur?(A)HighlevelsofLSFRandhighlevelsofDRKFR(B)HighlevelsofLSFRandlowlevelsofDRKFR(C)LowlevelsofLSFRandhighlevelsofDRKFR(D)LowlevelsofLSFRandlowlevelsofDRKFR14.Basedonthedata,whichofthefollowingmostlikelydescribeshowthebindingofproteinsaffectstheproductionofFursillatranscript?(A)BecauseFursillatranscriptlevelschangewhencertainproteinsareoverexpressedorunexpressedinthecell,Fursillamustinterferewiththeotherproteins.(B)BecauseFursillatranscriptlevelsstaythesamewhetherNEFRisoverexpressedorunexpressed,NEFRmustbindinhibittheproductionofFursillatranscript.(C)BecauseFursillatranscriptlevelsdecreasewhenLSFRisunexpressedinthecell,LSFRmustcompeteforthebindingsiteorRNApolymerase.(D)BecauseFursillatranscriptlevelsincreasewhenDRKFRisunexpressedinthecell,DRKFRmustcompeteforthebindingsiteofRNApolymerase.15.Anadditionalprotein,Baldidog(BLD),wasidentifiedandfoundtointeractwiththeDRKFRprotein.Basedonthisinformation,whichofthefollowingbestdescribeswhytheseproteinsareabletobindtogether?(A)Complementarynucleotidessequences(B)Aminoacidpocketswithcomplementaryconformations(C)Opposingregionsrichincytosinesandthymines(D)Hydrophobiclipidsandhydrophobicmolecules16.HowwouldtheoverexpressionofBLDaffectthetranscriptlevelsofFursilla?(A)Fursillatranscriptlevelswouldincrease.(B)Fursillatranscriptlevelswoulddecrease.(C)Fursillatranscriptlevelswouldbeunaffected.+StudyXY
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 29 preview image(D)Fursillatranscriptwouldcompletelydisappear.17.Watermoleculesexperienceintermolecularforceswheninteractingwitheachother.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelyoccurifwaterbecameanonpolarmolecule?(A)Polarsoluteswoulddissolveinwaterformingaqueoussolutionsofvariousconcentrations.(B)Theamountofliquidwaterontheplanetwouldincrease,andtheamountofwatervaporintheairwoulddecrease.(C)Themeltingandboilingpointsofwaterwouldincrease.(D)Solidwaterwouldbemoredensethanliquidwater,soicewouldnolongerfloat.Questions18-21refertothefollowingpassage.Achainofthreesmallislandswasfoundtobethehometoasmallspeciesofmouse.Theangleofjawopeningwasfoundtovarysignificantly.Theaveragesizeangleofthemaximaljawopeningfoundinmiceat10locationsonthethreesmallislandsisshowninFigure1,below.Figure1.Anglesofmaximaljawopening(indegrees)formicefoundatvariousislandpositions18.Ascientistwantstoanalyzethedatatodeterminewhatfactoraccountsforthevariationinmaximaljawangle.Whichofthefollowinganalyseswouldbestallowhimtodeterminethiscause?(A)Plotthewindspeedsoneachislandversusthejawangle.(B)Plottheheightsoftreesoneachislandversusthejawangle.(CPlotthesizesofseedsoneachislandversusthejawangle.(D)Plotthedifferencesinaltitudeoneachislandversusthejawangle.19.IfthemicefromIslandAandthemicefromIslandBwereplacedtogether,whatwouldlikelyhappen?(A)Themicewouldmate,butitisimpossibletopredictjawangle.(B)Themicewouldmate,andthejawanglewouldbeapproximately27°.(C)Themicewouldmate,andthejawanglewouldbeeither21°or32°.(D)Themicewouldnotbecapableofmating.+StudyXy
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 30 preview image20.Skeletonshavebeenfoundthatindicatethatmicewithjawangleslessthan30degreeswereoncefoundonIslandB.Whichexplanationbestaccountsforthis?(A)AsmalljawanglehindersthesurvivalofmiceonIslandB.(B)AlargejawanglehindersthesurvivalofmiceonIslandA.(C)AsmalljawangleencouragesthesurvivalofmiceonIslandC.(D)AlargejawangleencouragesthesurvivalofmiceonIslandA.21.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsupportsthatthejawangleonIslandBchangedviapunctuatedequilibrium?(A)FossilevidencehasshownthatovertimethejawangleonIslandBslowlyincreased.(B)FossilevidencehasshownthatthejawangleofthemiceonIslandBincreasedveryquickly.(C)FossilevidencehasshownthatovertimethejawangleonIslandBslowlydecreased.(D)FossilevidencehasshownthatthejawangleofthemiceonIslandBfluctuatesovertime.22.Ascientiststudyingosmosisplacedsixsimilarlysizedpiecesofpotatoinsodiumchloridesolutionsofdifferentconcentrationsandthenmeasuredthepercentchangeinmass.Table1.%changeinmassofpotatosamplesSodiumchlorideconcentrationThepercentchangeinmassisclosestto0%atwhichofthefollowingapproximateconcentrationsofthesolutions?(A)0.01M(B)0.25M(©)03M+StudyXY
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Princeton Review AP Biology Prep: 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies and Techniques (2024) (2023) - Page 31 preview image(D)0.45MQuestions23-26refertothefollowingpassage.Proteinsoftenneedtheequivalentofashippinglabelsothattheycanbesentintracellularlyorextracellularlytothecorrectlocation.Theselabelsaretypicallyfoundinthreeforms:signalsequences,targetsignals,orlocalizationsignals.AsignalsequenceisastretchofhydrophobicaminoacidresiduethatisonlylocatedwithinpolypeptidesdestinedtofoldintoEITHERextracellularproteins,intermembraneproteinsthatwillanchortothecellsurface,orproteinsthatwillbemembersofthesecretorypathwaythatpacksandshipsthingstowardsthecellsurface.Atargetingsignalisasequencethatidentifiestheproteinsofthesecretorypathway.Alocalizationsignalisasequencethatlabelsproteinsthataredestinedtogotospecificorganelles(thatarenotpartofthesecretorypathway).Thetablebelowshowsseveneukaryoticproteins,andthesequenceshavebeenidentifiedineach.Table1.SequencesidentifiedwithineukaryoticproteinsSignalSequenceTargetingSignalLocalizationSequence23.WhichoffollowingcouldbeadescriptionforHRIET1?(A)Aproteinfoundinthebloodthatplaysaroleintheimmunesystem(B)AproteinfoundintheGolgiapparatusthathelpstethervesicles(C)Aproteinfoundinthenucleolusaidinginribosomeassembly(D)Aproteinfoundinthecytosolservingasacytoskeletalanchor24.Oneoftheproteinswasfoundtobeareceptorforalargeproteinthatisproducedinthebrainandtravelsthroughtheblooduntilitcandockatthetargetcellsthatitstimulates.Whichoftheproteinsislikelythisreceptor?+StudyXy
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