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Princeton Review AP Environmental Science Prep, 1 : 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review (2023)

Princeton Review AP Environmental Science Prep, 1 : 3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review (2023) helps you pass with expert-reviewed materials and study tips.

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    Downloaded from StudyXY.com [= Ww + StudyXY oi as . Za \ Rr ' BE \ Stu dy Anything This ContentHas been Posted On StudyXY.com as supplementary learning material. StudyXY does not endrose any university, college or publisher. Allmaterials posted are under the liability of the contributors. | 8) www.studyxy.com

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    The Princeton Review Publishing Team Rob Franek, Editor-in-Chief David Soto, Senior Director, Data Operations Stephen Koch, Senior Manager, Data Operations Deborah Weber, Director of Production Jason Ullmeyer, Production Design Manager Jennifer Chapman, Senior Production Artist Selena Coppock, Director of Editorial Orion McBean, Senior Editor Aaron Riccio, Senior Editor Meave Shelton, Senior Editor Chris Chimera, Editor Patricia Murphy, Editor Laura Rose, Editor Penguin Random House Publishing Team Tom Russell, VP, Publisher Alison Stoltzfus, Senior Director, Publishing Brett Wright, Senior Editor Emily Hoffman, Assistant Managing Editor Ellen Reed, Production Manager Suzanne Lee, Designer Eugenia Lo, Publishing Assistant The Princeton Review 110 East 42nd St, 7th Floor New York, NY 10017 Email: editorialsupport@review.com Copyright © 2023 by TPR Education IP Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved. Published in the United States by Penguin Random House LLC, New York. Terms of Service: The Princeton Review Online Companion Tools (“Student Tools”) for retail books are available for only the two most recent editions of that book. Student Tools may be activated only once per eligible book purchased, for a total of 24 months of access. Activation of Student Tools more than once per book is in direct violation of these Terms of Service and may result in discontinuation of access to Student Tools Services. ISBN 9780593517130

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    Ebook ISBN 9780593517147 AP is a trademark registered and owned by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse, this product. The Princeton Review is not affiliated with Princeton University. The material in this book is up-to-date at the time of publication. However, changes may have been instituted by the testing body in the test after this book was published. If there are any important late-breaking developments, changes, or corrections to the materials in this book, we will post that information online in the Student Tools. Register your book and check your Student Tools to see if there are any updates posted there. Editor: Laura Rose Production Editors: Lyssa Mandel and Kathy Carter Production Artist: Amanda Shurgin Content Contributor: Eliz Markowitz, EdD Cover art by K_E_N / Alamy Stock Photo Cover design by Suzanne Lee Photo selection and layout by Carling Design, Inc. For customer service, please contact editorialsupport@review.com, and be sure to include: o full title of the book e ISBN * page number a_prh_6.0_145431659_c0_r0 f Studyxy

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    Acknowledgments The Princeton Review would like to give a special thanks to Eliz Markowitz for her work on this year's edition. We would also like to extend our thanks to Amanda Shurgin, Lyssa Mandel, and Kathy Carter for their time and attention while producing this title.

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    Contents Get More (Free) Content Part I: Using This Book to Improve Your AP Score Preview: Your Knowledge, Your Expectations Your Guide to Using This Book How to Begin Part ll: Practice Test 1 Practice Test 1 Practice Test 1: Diagnostic Answer Key and Explanations How to Score Practice Test 1 Part lll: About the AP Environmental Science Exam The Structure of the AP Environmental Science Exam How the AP Environmental Science Exam Is Scored Overview of Course Units, Practice, and Big Ideas How AP Exams Are Used Other Resources Designing Your Study Plan Part IV: Test-Taking Strategies for the AP Environmental Science Exam 1 How to Approach Multiple-Choice Questions Chapter 1 Drill 2 How to Approach Free-Response Questions

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    Chapter 2 Drill 3 Using Time Effectively to Maximize Points Part V: Content Review for the AP Environmental Science Exam 4 Units 1 and 2: The Living World: Ecosystems and Biodiversity Ecosystems Evolution The World's Ecosystems Cycles in Nature Food Chains and Food Webs Biodiversity Ecosystem Services How Ecosystems Change Chapter 4 Key Terms Chapter 4 Drill 5 Unit 3: Populations Terms Used to Describe Populations Population Growth Human Populations The Impact of Humans on Human Populations Chapter 5 Key Terms Chapter 5 Drill 6 Unit 4: Earth Systems and Resources Welcome to Planet Earth Soil The Atmosphere The Hydrosphere

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    Chapter 6 Key Terms Chapter 6 Drill 7 Unit 5: Land and Water Use Share and Share Alike? Agriculture Forest Resources Water Use Ocean Resources Mining Housing and Community Economics and Resource Utilization The Importance of Being Sustainable Chapter 7 Key Terms Chapter 7 Drill 8 Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption Units of Energy Nonrenewable Energy Renewable Energy Energy Conservation: A Final Note Chapter 8 Key Terms Chapter 8 Drill 9 Units 7 and 8: Pollution Toxicity and Health Air Pollution Thermal Pollution Water Pollution Solid Waste (Garbage) Hazardous Waste

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    Noise Pollution Chapter 9 Key Terms Chapter 9 Drill 10 Unit 9: Global Change The Greenhouse Effect Climate Change Human Impacts on Biodiversity What Can We Do About It? Avenues to Environmental Progress Chapter 10 Key Terms Chapter 10 Drill 11 AP Environmental Science in the Lab A Sample Free-Response Question Involving a Lab Some Common AP Environmental Science Labs 12 Glossary 13 Chapter Drills: Answers and Explanations Part VI: Practice Tests Practice Test 2 Practice Test 2: Answers and Explanations Practice Test 3 Practice Test 3: Answers and Explanations 145431659 _

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    1 Go to PrincetonReview.com/prep and enter the following ISBN for your book: 9780593517147 2 Answer a few simple questions to set up an exclusive Princeton Review account. (If you already have one, you can just log in.)

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    3 Enjoy access to your FREE content! Need to report a potential content issue? Contact EditorialSupport@review.com and include:

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    full title of the book e ISBN * page number Need to report a technical issue? Contact TPRStudentTech@review.com and provide: « your full name « email address used to register the book « full book title and ISBN * Operating system (Mac/PC) and browser (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc.) Once you've registered, you can... « Access digital flashcards to review core AP Environmental Science content « Take a full-length practice SAT and/or ACT « Get valuable advice about the college application process, including tips for writing a great essay and where to apply for financial aid * Use our searchable rankings of The Best 389 Colleges to find out more information about your dream school.

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    * Access comprehensive study guides and a variety of printable resources, including bubble answer sheets and Key Terms lists * Check to see whether there have been any corrections or updates to this edition Look For These Icons Throughout The Book Online Articles Proven Techniques Applied Strategies Time-Saving Tip Ask Yourself

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    Part I

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    Using This Book to Improve Your AP Score Preview: Your Knowledge. Your Expectations * Your Guide to Using This Book * How to Begin

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    PREVIEW: YOUR KNOWLEDGE, YOUR EXPECTATIONS Your route to a high score on the AP Environmental Science Exam depends a lot on how you plan to use this book. Respond to the following questions: 1. Rate your level of confidence about your knowledge of the content tested by the AP Environmental Science Exam. A. Very confident—I know it all. B. I’m pretty confident, but there are topics with which I could use help. C. Not confident—I need quite a bit of support. D. I’m not sure. 2. Choose your goal score for the AP Environmental Science Exam. 5 4 3 2 1 I’m not sure yet. 3. What do you expect to learn from this book? Choose all that apply to you. A. A general overview of the test and what to expect B. Strategies for how to approach the test C. The content tested by this exam D. I’m not sure yet. YOUR GUIDE TO USING THIS BOOK This book is organized to provide as much—or as little—support as you need, so you can use this book in whatever way will be most helpful to improving your score on the AP Environmental Science Exam. Please note that this book should be used in conjunction with your AP course textbook.

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    o The remainder of Part I will provide guidance on how to use this book and help you determine your strengths and weaknesses. o Part II of this book contains your first practice test, the Diagnostic Answer Key, answers and explanations, and a scoring guide. (Bubble sheets can be found in the back of the book or you can download them from your Student Tools.) This is where you should begin your test preparation in order to realistically determine: o your starting point right now o which question types you're ready for and which you might need to practice o which content topics you are familiar with and which you will want to carefully review Once you have nailed down your strengths and weaknesses with regard to this exam, you can focus your test preparation, build a study plan, and be efficient with your time. Our Diagnostic Answer Key will assist you with this process. o Part III of this book will: o provide information about the structure, scoring, and content of the AP Environmental Science Exam o help you make a study plan o point you toward additional resources o Part IV of this book will explore the following strategies: o how to handle multiple-choice questions o how to approach free-response questions o how to manage your time to maximize the number of points available to you e Part V of this book covers the content you need to know for the AP Environmental Science Exam. e Part VI of this book contains Practice Test 2 and Practice Test 3, with

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    answers and explanations and a scoring guide. (Bubble sheets can be found in the very back of the book for easy tear-out.) If you skipped Practice Test 1, we recommend that you do all three tests (with at least a day or two between them) so that you can compare your progress between the three. Additionally, this will help to identify any external issues. If you get a certain type of question wrong all three times, you probably need to review it. If you only got it wrong once, you may have run out of time or been distracted by something. In either case, this will allow you to focus on the factors that caused the discrepancy in scores and to be as prepared as possible on the day of the test. Check out your online Student Tools for some great ways to extend your prep, including study guides Go to PrincetonReview.com/prep to register your book! HOW TO BEGIN 1. Take a Test Before you can decide how to use this book, you need to take a practice test. Doing so will give you insight into your strengths and weaknesses and help you make an effective study plan. If you're feeling test-phobic, remind yourself that a practice test is a tool for diagnosing yourself— it’s not how well you do that matters, but how you use information gleaned from your performance to guide your preparation. So, before you read further, take Practice Test 1 starting on this page of this book. Be sure to do so in one sitting, following the instructions that appear before the test. 2. Check Your Answers Using the Diagnostic Answer Key on this page, follow our three-step process to identify your strengths and weaknesses with regard to the

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    tested topics. This will help you determine which content review chapters to prioritize when studying this book. Don’t worry about the explanations for now, and don’t worry about missed questions. We’ll get to that soon. 3. Reflect on the Test After you take your first test, respond to the following questions: e How much time did you spend on the multiple-choice questions? e How much time did you spend on each free-response question? ¢ How many multiple-choice questions did you miss? ¢ Do you feel you had the knowledge to address the subject matter of the free-response questions? e Check the content areas that were most challenging for you and draw a line through the ones in which you felt confident/did well. o Geological eras o Atmosphere o Soil dynamics o Population o Pollution (specifically solid waste, acid rain, ozone depletion, and thermal pollution) o Water conservation o Conservation and economic impact o Interpreting charts and graphs o Interpreting experimental data o Analyzing experiments and experimental reasoning o Ecosystems and biodiversity o Biogeochemical cycles o Global climate change o Environmental regulation and international treaties o Energy resources and consumption o Energy science o Mining

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    Bonus Tips and Tricks... test-taking tips and must-know strategies at youtube.com/c/ThePrincetonReview/videos 4. Read Part III of this Book and Complete the Self-Evaluation As discussed in the Guide section above, Part IIT will provide information on how the test is structured and scored. It will also outline areas of content that are tested. As you read Part III, re-evaluate your answers to the questions you just answered. At the end of Part III, you will revisit and refine your answers to the previous questions. You will then be able to make a study plan, based on your needs and available time, that will allow you to use this book most effectively. 5. Engage with Parts IV and V as Needed Notice the word engage. You’ll get more out of this book if you use it intentionally than if you read it passively, hoping for an improved score through osmosis. Strategy chapters in Part IV will help you think about your approach to the question types on this exam. Part IV will open with a reminder to think about how you approach questions now, and then close with a reflection section asking you to think about how/whether you will change your approach in the future. Content chapters in Part V are designed to provide a review of the content tested on the AP Environmental Science Exam, including the level of detail you need to know and how the content is tested. You will + Studyxy

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    have the opportunity to assess your mastery of the content of each chapter through test-appropriate questions and a reflection section. 6. Take Practice Tests 2 and 3. Assess Your Performance Once you feel you have developed the strategies you need and gained the knowledge you lacked, you should take Practice Test 2 and then Practice Test 3. Take each test in one sitting, with maybe a day or two in between. When you are done, check your answers to the multiple-choice sections. See if a teacher will read your responses to the free-response questions and provide feedback. Once you have taken the test, reflect on what areas you still need to work on, and revisit the chapters in this book that address those deficiencies. Through this type of reflection and engagement, you will continue to improve. 7. Keep Working As Part ITI will discuss, there are other resources available to you, including a wealth of information on AP Students. You can continue to explore areas in which you can stand to improve and engage in those areas right up to the day of the test. AP Students Check out the College Board's homepage for more information about the updated exam at apstudents.collegeboard.org/courses/ap- environmental-science T= StudyXY

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    Part II Practice Test 1 * Practice Test 1 « Practice Test 1: Diagnostic Answer Key and Explanations » How to Score Practice Test 1

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    Practice Test 1 Click here to download a PDF of Practice Test 1.

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    The Exam AP® Human Geography Exam SECTION I: Multiple-Choice Questions DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Total Time 1 hour and 30 minutes Number of Questions 80 Percent of Total Grade 60% Writing Instrument Pencil required Instructions Section I of this examination contains 80 multiple-choice questions. Fill in only the ovals for numbers 1 through 80 on your answer sheet (located at the back of this book). Indicate all of your answers to the multiple-choice questions on the answer sheet. No credit will be given for anything written in this exam booklet, but you may use the booklet for notes or scratch work. After you have decided which of the suggested answers is best, completely fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Give only one answer to each question. If you

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    change an answer, be sure that the previous mark is erased completely. Here is a sample question and answer. Sample Questions Chicago is a (A) state (B) city (C) country (D) continent Sample Answers Use your time effectively, working as quickly as you can without losing accuracy. Do not spend too much time on any one question. Go on to other questions and come back to the ones you have not answered if you have time. It is not expected that everyone will know the answers to all the multiple- choice questions. About Guessing Many candidates wonder whether or not to guess the answers to questions about which they are not certain. Multiple-choice scores are based on the number of questions answered correctly. Points are not deducted for incorrect answers, and no points are awarded for unanswered questions. Because points are not deducted for incorrect answers, you are encouraged to answer all multiple-choice questions. On any questions you do not know the answer to, you should eliminate as many choices as you can, and then select the best answer among the remaining choices. + Studyxy

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    ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Section I Time—1 hour and 30 minutes 80 Questions Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by four suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case and then fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. 1. Which of the following best explains how clearcutting contributes to climate change on a global scale? (A) Clearcutting requires prescribed burning, or setting controlled forest fires to reduce the occurrence of natural fires. (B) Clearcutting results in a loss of biodiversity and adds to the problems of endangered species and extinctions. (C) Clearcutting involves the burning of cut trees, which releases the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. (D) Clearcutting removes plants and their root systems, leading to soil erosion and flooding. 2. Which of the following does NOT result from the melting of polar icecaps? (A) Increase in ocean acidification (B) Loss of habitat for ice-dwelling species (C) Release of the greenhouse gas methane (D) Decrease in albedo causing more warming 3. The release of stored energy when stress overcomes a locked fault results in which of the following? (A) Earthquake (B) Volcanic eruption

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    (C) Mountain creation (D) Hot spot formation 4. The table below shows the four categories of ecosystem services. What is provided Provisioning | water, food, medicinal resources, raw materials, energy, services ornaments Regulating [waste decomposition and detoxification, purification of services water and air, pest and disease control and regulation of prey populations through predation, carbon sequestration Cultural use of nature for science and education, therapeutic and services recreational uses, spiritual and cultural uses Supporting |primary production, nutrient recycling, soil formation, services pollination Based on the information in the table, which of the following gives an example of the possible human consequences of the disruption of a provisioning service? (A) Agricultural use of former parklands resulting in fewer recreational areas (B) Rainforest destruction resulting in the loss of potential medicinal plant species (C) Decline in wild bee populations resulting in less pollination and decreased crop yields (D) Destruction of wetland habitats for real estate resulting in decreased carbon sequestration + Studyxy

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    5. Which of the following phenomena are NOT influenced by the Coriolis effect shown in the diagram above? (A) Cyclones (B) Hadley cells (C) Tradewinds (D) El Nifio—Southern Oscillation 6. Which of the following is the name for the land area that drains into a particular stream? (A) Delta (B) Estuary (C) Watershed (D) Headwaters

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    7. Which of the following factors limiting human population growth is density-independent? (A) Access to clean air and water (B) Natural disaster frequency (C) Disease transmission (D) Food availability Questions 8-10 refer to the following graph. 8. According to the graph, which biome would likely be found in a location with an average annual temperature above 20°C and average annual precipitation below 50 cm? (A) Tundra (B) Savanna (C) Subtropical desert (D) Temperate grassland

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