A student places a block on a disk, and the edge of the disk makes one revolution in a constant time interval △t▵t. A force probe is attached to the block and the center of the disk, as shown above. In an experiment, a student measures the centripetal force exerted on the block when placed at various distances from the center of the disc while the tangential speed of the edge of the disc remains constant. Which of the following graphs shows the centripetal force exerted on the block as a function of its distance from the center of the disk?
Curve one
Key Terms
A student places a block on a disk, and the edge of the disk makes one revolution in a constant time interval △t▵t. A force probe is attached to the block and the center of the disk, as shown above. In an experiment, a student measures the centripetal force exerted on the block when placed at various distances from the center of the disc while the tangential speed of the edge of the disc remains constant. Which of the following graphs shows the centripetal force exerted on the block as a function of its distance from the center of the disk?
Curve one
Planet X is in a stable circular orbit around a star, as shown above. Which of the following graphs best shows the tangential speed of the planet as a function of its horizontal position from point A to point B if the planet is moving counterclockwise as viewed in the figure above?
At rest graph
One end of a string is attached to a ball, with the other end held by a student such that the ball is swung in a horizontal circular path of radius R at a constant tangential speed. At a later time, the tension force exerted on the ball remains constant, but the length of the string is decreased to R4. What is the new tangential speed of the ball?
Half the original speed
A long wooden board is at rest on a horizontal surface, and there is negligible friction between the board and the surface. A block is sliding along the board, and there is friction between the block and the board. At the instant shown in the figure, the block is moving but the board is still at rest. What happens to the board and block after the instant shown, and what reasoning supports this claim?
The board starts moving in the same direction as the block and the block is slowing down, because the board exerts a force on the block and the blo...
A student must test the maximum force exerted on an object attached to a string before the string breaks. The student ties the object of mass m0 to one end of the string and then uses the other end of the string to spin the object at a constant speed so that the object travels in a horizontal circular path, as seen in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the horizontal force exerted on the object at time t0. In a second trial, what should the student do to increase the tension in the string while keeping all other quantities constant? Select two answers.
Increase the mass of m0 and decrease the time required for one rotation.
A block is at rest on a disk that spins about its center, as shown. A student must determine the centripetal acceleration of the block when the block spins with the disk as a result of the force of static friction. What measuring devices, when used together, could be used to determine the centripetal acceleration of the block? Select two answers.
Meterstick and stopwatch
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
A student places a block on a disk, and the edge of the disk makes one revolution in a constant time interval △t▵t. A force probe is attached to the block and the center of the disk, as shown above. In an experiment, a student measures the centripetal force exerted on the block when placed at various distances from the center of the disc while the tangential speed of the edge of the disc remains constant. Which of the following graphs shows the centripetal force exerted on the block as a function of its distance from the center of the disk? | Curve one |
Planet X is in a stable circular orbit around a star, as shown above. Which of the following graphs best shows the tangential speed of the planet as a function of its horizontal position from point A to point B if the planet is moving counterclockwise as viewed in the figure above? | At rest graph |
One end of a string is attached to a ball, with the other end held by a student such that the ball is swung in a horizontal circular path of radius R at a constant tangential speed. At a later time, the tension force exerted on the ball remains constant, but the length of the string is decreased to R4. What is the new tangential speed of the ball? | Half the original speed |
A long wooden board is at rest on a horizontal surface, and there is negligible friction between the board and the surface. A block is sliding along the board, and there is friction between the block and the board. At the instant shown in the figure, the block is moving but the board is still at rest. What happens to the board and block after the instant shown, and what reasoning supports this claim? | The board starts moving in the same direction as the block and the block is slowing down, because the board exerts a force on the block and the block exerts a force on the board. |
A student must test the maximum force exerted on an object attached to a string before the string breaks. The student ties the object of mass m0 to one end of the string and then uses the other end of the string to spin the object at a constant speed so that the object travels in a horizontal circular path, as seen in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the horizontal force exerted on the object at time t0. In a second trial, what should the student do to increase the tension in the string while keeping all other quantities constant? Select two answers. | Increase the mass of m0 and decrease the time required for one rotation. |
A block is at rest on a disk that spins about its center, as shown. A student must determine the centripetal acceleration of the block when the block spins with the disk as a result of the force of static friction. What measuring devices, when used together, could be used to determine the centripetal acceleration of the block? Select two answers. | Meterstick and stopwatch |
A satellite orbits Earth in a circular path at a constant tangential speed, as shown in the figure. Which of the following correctly represents the directions of the net force FNet , acceleration a, and tangential velocity vT of the satellite at the instant shown in the figure? | Up, up, and right |
A square block is attached to a string of negligible mass and moves in a horizontal circle at a constant speed. The string passes through a vertical tube, and its other end is attached to a cylinder, as shown in the figure. Which of the following claims can be made by relating one of Newton's laws of motion to an object that travels in uniform circular motion? | The block exerts a force on the string. |
An object falls toward Earth after it is released from rest, as a result of Earth's gravitational force. A student uses a motion detector to create the graph of the object's displacement as a function of the squared time in which the object was in free fall. How can the student use the graph to determine the acceleration ay of the object while in free fall? | Use the slope of the graph and set it equal to 1/2ay to then solve for ay. |
Two satellites orbit a planet of mass M, as shown above. Satellite A of mass 2 m travels in a circular orbit of radius R. Satellite B of mass m travels in a circular orbit of radius 2 R. Each satellite travels at a constant tangential speed. How does the gravitational force, FgA, exerted on satellite A from the planet compare with the gravitational force, FgB, exerted on satellite B from the planet? | FgA is larger than FgB because satellite A is twice as large as satellite B and is half the distance to the planet as satellite B. |
An object starts at rest and moves in a horizontal circle such that its tangential speed increases linearly as a function of time. Which of the following graphs shows how the centripetal acceleration behaves as a function of time? | Positive constant slope |