Campbell Biology: Concepts And Connections, Global Edition 8th Edition Test Bank

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Campbell Biology: Concepts and Connections, 8e(Reece et al.)Chapter 1Biology: Exploring Life1.1Multiple-Choice Questions1) Which of the following statements about the properties of life isfalse?A) Organisms have the ability to take in energy and use it.B) Organisms have the ability to respond to stimuli from the environment.C) Organisms have the ability to reproduce.D) Organisms have an unchanging, constant internal environmentAnswer: DTopic: 1.1Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.22) Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly liststhat hierarchy from least inclusive to most inclusive?A) ecosystem, population, organ system, cell, community, molecule, organ, organism, organelle,tissueB) cell, molecule, organ system, organ, organelle, population, tissue, organism, ecosystem,communityC) molecule, cell, organism, organ system, tissue, population, organ, organelle, community,ecosystemD) molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community,ecosystemAnswer: DTopic: 1.2Skill: Application/AnalysisLearning Outcome: 1.3Global LO: 23) What is the difference between a tissue and an organ system?A) The tissue level of organization is more inclusive than the organ system level.B) Tissues are not composed of cells; organ systems are composed of cells.C) A tissue cannot exist unless it is a component of an organ system, whereas an organ systemcan exist independently of tissues.D) An organ system includes tissues.Answer: DTopic: 1.2Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.3

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4) The tree in your backyard is home to two cardinals, a colony of ants, a wasp's nest, twosquirrels, and millions of bacteria. Together, all of these organisms representA) a species.B) a community.C) a population.D) an ecosystem.Answer: BTopic: 1.2Skill: Application/AnalysisLearning Outcome: 1.3Global LO: 25) If you eat a hamburger, you are mainly eating ground-up beef muscle. What levels oforganization are represented in this ground-up muscle?A) organism, population, and communityB) organ, organ system, and organismC) organelle, cell, and tissueD) tissue, organ, and organ systemAnswer: CTopic: 1.2Skill: Application/AnalysisLearning Outcome: 1.3Global LO: 26) Which of the following statements regarding a common cellular activity isfalse?A) Cells respond to the environment.B) Cells develop and maintain complex organization.C) Cells regulate their internal environment.D) New cells are derived from cellular components like organelles.Answer: DTopic: 1.3Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.27) Your instructor asks you to look into your microscope to see a prokaryotic cell. You will belooking for a cell thatA) has a nucleus.B) has a membrane.C) makes up most of the tissues of your body.D) is much larger than most cells in your body.Answer: BTopic: 1.3Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.3

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8) Which of the following statements about ecosystems isfalse?A) Bacteria and fungi recycle energy within an ecosystem.B) Plants and other photosynthetic organisms are producers in ecosystems.C) Chemical nutrients cycle within an ecosystem.D) In the process of energy conversions within an ecosystem, some energy is converted to heat.Answer: ATopic: 1.4Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.39) In an ecosystem, energyA) cycles along with chemical nutrients.B) typically flows from consumers to producers to decomposers.C) typically flows from producers through a series of consumers.D) comes ultimately from bacteria.Answer: CTopic: 1.4Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.410) Which of the following statements about genetics istrue?A) Genes are proteins that produce DNA.B) DNA is made up of six different kinds of nucleotides.C) Differences among organisms reflect different nucleotide sequences in their DNA.D) Each DNA molecule is a single strand of nucleotides.Answer: CTopic: 1.5Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.511) Organisms that are prokaryotes are in the domainsA) Bacteria and Archaea.B) Plantae and Animalia.C) Eukarya and Archaea.D) Fungi and Bacteria.Answer: ATopic: 1.6Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.5

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12) Which of the following statements about the domain Bacteria istrue?A) Archaea belong to this domain.B) All bacteria have a membrane-bound nucleus.C) All bacteria are multicellular organisms.D) All bacteria lack a nucleus.Answer: DTopic: 1.6Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.513) Members of the kingdom AnimaliaA) can obtain their food either by absorption or by photosynthesis.B) are composed of cells that lack a cell membrane.C) can obtain their food by eating other organisms.D) make their own food through photosynthesis.Answer: CTopic: 1.6Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.514) Kingdom Fungi includes speciesA) such as mushrooms and plants.B) that obtain food by ingestion.C) that use photosynthesis to obtain food.D) that obtain food by decomposing dead organisms and absorbing the nutrients.Answer: DTopic: 1.6Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.515) Which of the following is a kingdom within the domain Eukarya?A) VirusesB) FungiC) ArchaeaD) BacteriaAnswer: BTopic: 1.6Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.5

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16) Organisms belonging to the kingdom PlantaeA) are photosynthetic.B) obtain food by decomposing the remains of dead organisms and absorbing the nutrients.C) are unicellular and lack a nucleus.D) are multicellular and lack a nucleus.Answer: ATopic: 1.6Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.517) The teeth of grain-eating animals (such as horses) are usually broad and ridged. This makesthe teeth suitable for grinding and chewing. Meat-eating animals (such as lions) have pointedteeth that are good for puncturing and ripping flesh. This illustratesA) a result of natural selection only.B) the connection between form and function only.C) a food web.D) a result of natural selection as well as the connection between form and function.Answer: DTopic: 1.7Skill: Application/AnalysisLearning Outcome: 1.5Global LO: 218) Which of the following statements isnotconsistent with Darwin's theory of naturalselection?A) Individuals in a population exhibit variations, some of which are passed from parents tooffspring.B) Individual organisms experience genetic change during their life spans to better fit theirenvironment.C) Factors in the environment result in some organisms having better reproductive success thanothers.D) Natural selection can lead to the appearance of new species.Answer: BTopic: 1.7Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.5

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19) An antibiotic kills 99.9% of a bacterial population. You would expect the next generation ofbacteriaA) to be just as susceptible to that antibiotic as was the previous generation.B) to be more resistant to that antibiotic.C) to die out due to the drastic decrease in population size.D) to be more contagious than the prior generation.Answer: BTopic: 1.7Skill: Application/AnalysisLearning Outcome: 1.5Global LO: 220) Which of the following statements about evolution istrue?A) Individuals evolve within the span of their own lifetimes.B) Organisms evolve structures in response to needs.C) Evolution is deliberate and purposeful.D) Evolution can result in adaptations.Answer: DTopic: 1.7Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.521) Consider the following statement: "If all vertebrates have backbones, and turtles arevertebrates, then turtles have backbones." This statement is an example ofA) a hypothesis.B) rationalization.C) deductive reasoning.D) inductive reasoning.Answer: CTopic: 1.8Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.6Global LO: 122) A hypothesis isA) the same as a theory.B) a proposed explanation for a set of observations.C) an explanatory idea that is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence.D) a widely accepted idea about a phenomenon.Answer: BTopic: 1.8Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.6Global LO: 1

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23) You notice that over the past month, many students on campus have started wearing a newstyle of school sweatshirt. You think to yourself that perhaps the bookstore has recently startedselling this new sweatshirt style. This is an example ofA) an experimental question.B) a type of observation.C) a hypothesis.D) an experiment.Answer: CTopic: 1.8Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.6Global LO: 124) A theory isA) an idea that has been proven.B) a concept in the early stages that still needs to be tested.C) a description of a belief that invokes the supernatural.D) an explanation of an idea that is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence.Answer: DTopic: 1.8Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.6Global LO: 125) To be scientifically valid, a hypothesis must beA) part of a theory.B) controlled.C) reasonable.D) testable and falsifiable.Answer: DTopic: 1.9Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.6Global LO: 126) The role of a control in an experiment is toA) provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group.B) prove that a hypothesis is correct.C) ensure repeatability.D) counteract the negative effect of the experiment.Answer: ATopic: 1.9Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.6Global LO: 1

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27) A scientist performs a controlled experiment. This means thatA) the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate.B) the experiment proceeds at a slow pace to guarantee that the scientist can carefully observe allreactions and process all experimental data.C) two versions of the experiment are conducted, one differing from the other by only a singlevariable.D) one experiment is performed, but the scientist controls the variables.Answer: CTopic: 1.9Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.6Global LO: 528) Basic science discoveries often lead to the development of technology, and the developmentof technology often leads to new scientific discoveries. Which of the following isnotan accuratepairing of a technology and a discovery?A) measurement of atmospheric CO2 and understanding of climate changeB) sequencing of genomes and understanding evolutionary relationships among organismsC) genetic engineering and creation of new drugsD) invention of the microscope and creation of evolutionary treesAnswer: DTopic: 1.10Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.6Global LO: 129) Which of the following statements isnotan example of evolution that has resulted fromhuman activity?A) Many strains of bacteria are now resistant to some commonly used antibiotics.B) Like certain other crops, domesticated strawberries are larger than wild strawberries.C) Because of hunting, organisms such as bears and wolves are fewer in number.D) Some insect species are now resistant to pesticides.Answer: CTopic: 1.11Skill: Knowledge/ComprehensionLearning Outcome: 1.6

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30) Watching salt crystals form as ocean water evaporates, a student says, "Look–more and morecrystals are appearing. The ocean water is alive!" Which of the following statements is anaccurate evaluation of the student's remark?A) The student is correct: Crystals are ordered structures and they are reproducing, so the oceanwater is alive.B) The student is correct because crystals are formed by processing energy from the sun to createnew structures, so ocean water is alive.C) The student is incorrect because the solution is processing energy from the sun rather thangaining energy from other organisms, so the ocean water is not alive.D) The student is incorrect because all of the crystals reproduce the same kind of crystals with novariation to provide adaptation, so the ocean water is not alive.Answer: DTopic: 1.2Skill: Synthesis/EvaluationLearning Outcome: 1.2Global LO: 231) During a discussion about ecosystems, a student says, "Plants eat sunlight, and animals eatother organisms." Which of the following responses to the student's comment is most accurate?A) Plants don't eat sunlight; they eat sugars that they get from the soil.B) Plants don't eat sunlight; they use it to make sugars.C) Plants eat sunlight, but they also eat other organism such as decomposers.D) Plants eat sunlight, but animals also eat bacteria, which are not considered organisms.Answer: BTopic: 1.4Skill: Synthesis/EvaluationLearning Outcome: 1.4Global LO: 232) Which of the following statements about ecosystems isfalse?A) Energy cycles from organisms through the atmosphere and back to the organisms.B) Carbon cycles from the atmosphere through organisms and back to the atmosphere.C) Energy of sunlight is converted to energy stored in sugar molecules.D) Most energy that enters the ecosystem leaves the system as heat.Answer: ATopic: 1.4Skill: Application/AnalysisLearning Outcome: 1.4Global LO: 2

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33) Which of these sequences isnota correct pathway of energy through an ecosystem?A) insects → birds → bacteriaB) plants → insects → birdsC) plants → birds → bacteriaD) bacteria → plants → birdsAnswer: DTopic: 1.4Skill: Application/AnalysisLearning Outcome: 1.4Global LO: 234) Which of the following statements provides the best evidence that there is a common geneticcode that demonstrates the unity of life?A) Bees, birds, and bats all have wings and fly.B) Bacteria, mushrooms, and cats all have DNA.C) Many insects can pollinate only a particular species of plant due to many generations ofevolutionary adaptation.D) Through genetic engineering, a gene from a firefly can be inserted into a bacterium to make itglow.Answer: DTopic: 1.5Skill: Synthesis/EvaluationLearning Outcome: 1.6Global LO: 2

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1.2Art Questions1) Which level in the hierarchy shown is a community?A) level AB) level BC) level CD) level DAnswer: CTopic: 1.2Skill: Application/AnalysisLearning Outcome: 1.3Global LO: 2

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2) Which of the following organisms belongs to the group represented in box 1?A) giraffeB) treeC) decomposing bacteriaD) leopardAnswer: BTopic: 1.4Skill: Application/AnalysisLearning Outcome: 1.4Global LO: 2

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3) The box numbered 2 represents which of the following?A) the cycling of energyB) decomposers acting on all parts of the systemC) the cycling of matterD) gases in the atmosphere that can block sunlightAnswer: CTopic: 1.4Skill: Application/AnalysisLearning Outcome: 1.4Global LO: 2

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4) When a lepidopterist examined museum specimens of a particular moth species, she noticedthat the variation in color was distributed as shown in the first graph. She was surprised becauseher data indicated the distribution of colors shown in the second graph. Which of the followinghypotheses about the cause of this shift in the range of genetic variation is the most likely to besupported by examination of the distribution of colors in a collection assembled at a timebetween that of the collection of the museum specimens and her current specimens?A) Darker moths tend to lay more eggs than light moths.B) Birds prefer to eat lighter moths rather than darker moths.C) The bark of the tree on which moths landed became darker over time.D) Darker moths were more likely to survive and have more offspring over time.Answer: DTopic: 1.2Skill: Synthesis/EvaluationLearning Outcome: 1.5Global LO: 2, 3

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5) Which of these models is best studied through a systems approach?A) model of O2/CO2 exchange in a leafB) model of arrangements of atoms in a moleculeC) model of the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients

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