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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition

Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition makes exam preparation simple with structured and comprehensive questions.

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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 1 preview imageINSTRUCTORS MANUAL FORFORENSIC SCIENCEAn Introduction to Scientificand Investigative TechniquesFOURTH EDITIONStuart JamesJon J. NordbySuzanne Bellby
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 2 preview image
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 3 preview imageINSTRUCTORS MANUAL FORFORENSIC SCIENCEAn Introduction to Scientificand Investigative TechniquesFOURTH EDITIONStuart JamesJon J. NordbySuzanne Bellby
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 4 preview imageAnImportantMessageforInstructorsWeatTaylor&Francis/CRCPresshopeyouareasexcitedabouttheancillarypackageprovidedforForensicScience:AnIntroductiontoScientificandInvestigativeTechniques,4thEdition.Mostofwhatiscontainedinthesefoldersisself‐explanatoryandeasilyexplored.Idowanttopointoutthatwedrewfromsomeotherbooks.Forexample,youwillfindsixexercisesontopicsfromcrimescenemappingtouseofacompoundmicroscope.Thebooksweusedarelistedbelow.Ifyouwouldliketoconsiderusingthewholeofanybookaspartofyourcourse,pleasecontactyoursalesrepresentative.Exercises1and2:CrimeSceneProcessingandInvestigationWorkbookbyRamirezandFisher,catalognumberK12253Exercises3‐6:ForensicScienceLaboratoryManualandWorkbookbyKubicandPetraco,catalognumber87193Supplementalreadingswhichmaybeassignedorusedasaspeciallecturetopic:“AFlashinthePan,”and“SeeNoEvil,”fromScientificFoundationsofCrimeSceneReconstruction:IntroducingMethodtoMayhembyJonJ.Nordby,catalognumber51687.“TaphonomicProcesses:AnimalScavenging,”byPokinesandTersigni‐TarrantfromForensicAnthropology:AnIntroduction,editedbyTersigni‐TarrantandShirley,catalognumberK10846.“CasesofNeglectInvolvingEntomologicalEvidence,”byBenecke,fromForensicEntomology,2ndedition,catalognumber9215.Youwillalsofindsupplementalchaptersfromtheprior3rdeditionofthetextbook.Theseareprovidedtosupplementcontentwhichmayhavebeenomitted(suchasForensicNursing)orscaledbackatthesuggestionofourreviewers(DigitalPhotography).Similarly,wehaveincludedanyphotoimages
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 5 preview imagefromthe3rdeditionthatwereeliminatedforthesakeofprovidingamoreconcisetext.BeckyMastermanSeniorAcquisitionsEditorTaylor&FrancisBecky.masterman@taylorandfrancis.com
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 6 preview imageSection 1 Setting the StageChapter 1 Justice and Science(Total Questions: 25)Multiple Choice (20-30)1.What were the scientists responsible for the early discoveries inforensic science considered due to the fact that they worked in manyforensic disciplines?a.Specialistsb.Generalists*c.Chemistsd.Examiners2.Who is the author of the first comprehensive book on hair analysis,The Hair of Man and Animals, published in 1910?a.Alphonse Bertillon and Victor Balthazardb.Calvin Goddard and Edmund Locardc.Hans Gross and Alphonse Bertillond.Victor Balthazard and Marcelle Lambert*3.Who is responsible for developing probability models, showing thatfingerprints were unique?a.Alphonse Bertillonb.Calvin Goddardc.Victor Balthazard*d.Edmund Locard4.Who is credited with developing the first classification system forfingerprints?a.Charles Darwinb.Sir Francis Galton*c.Edmund Locardd.Mathieu Orfila5.Who is credited with establishing scientific examination of firearms inthe United States?a.Calvin Goddard*b.Edmund Locardc.Mathieu Orfilad.Victor Balthazard6.Who coined the term Criminalistics?a.Hans Gross*b.Sir Francis Galtonc.Edmund Locardd.Mathieu Orfila7.What is the English translation of the first forensic science textbook,published in 1893?a.Forensic Science the Beginning
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 7 preview imageb.Criminal Investigation*c.Kriminologied.Forensic Science8.What was Edmund Locard’s main interest in forensic science?a.Chemistryb.Biologyc.Trace Evidence*d.Toxicology9.Who is considered the father of forensic toxicology?a.Hans Grossb.Sir Francis Galtonc.Edmund Locardd.Mathieu Orfila*10.What term describes when a laboratory has agreed to operateaccording to a professional or industry standard and has proven that itcan and does operate this way?a.Accreditation*b.Certificationc.Attestationd.Quality Assurance11.How is an experts qualification to testify established?a.Direct Examinationb.Cross Examinationc.Voir Dire*d.Re-cross ExaminationTrue False (10-)1.Forensic science has moved more towards a generalists model in whichforensic scientists work in various disciplines.a.Trueb.False* (Forensic science has moved towards a specialist model inwhich a forensic scientist specializes)2.Anthropometry remained widely used into the early 1900’s whenfingerprints began to replace it.a.True*b.False3.A space for fingerprints was not included on the data cards used in theearly systematic method for identification of suspects and criminals?a.Trueb.False*4.Sherlock Holmes stories were not influential or inspirational topioneers of forensic science due to their lack of realism to the actualfield of forensic science.a.True
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 8 preview imageb.False*5.Locard’s Exchange Principle, “every contact leaves a trace”, is not anexact phrase used by Locard; it has been evolved from his writings andstudies.a.True*b.False6.Forensic scientists can only testify in criminal action suits and for theprosecution.a.Trueb.False* (Forensic scientists can testify in either type of legalaction)7.The difference of opinion between two experts indicates that one of theexperts is unethical.a.Trueb.False*Multiple Response (5-10)1.What is the systematic method for identification of suspects andcriminals; not based on fingerprints?a.Anthropometry*b.Angiopometryc.Bertillonage*d.Bertonage2.Who is considered the trier-of-fact?a.Judge*b.Jury*c.Lawyerd.Forensic Scientist3.What are the types of examination involved in a court hearing?a.Direct*b.Indirectc.Cross*d.Re-cross*Matching (3-5)1.a. Sir Francis Galton =Finger Prints, 1892b. Victor Balthazard =The Hair of Man and Animals, 1910c. Hans Gross = Criminal Investigation/Kriminologied. Sir Arthur Doyle = Sherlock Holmes2.a. Laboratories funded by governments such as states, counties, andcities = Public Laboratoriesb. Businesses that are designed to make a profit = Private Laboratories3.a. A laboratory has agreed to operate according to a professional or
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 9 preview imageindustry standard and has proven that it can and does operate thisway = Accreditationb. A forensic scientist has completed a written test covering his or herdiscipline and that the analyst participates in yearly proficiencytesting to insure that their laboratory methods and techniques aresound = Certification4.a. Between individuals or parties = Civil Lawb. Violation of criminal laws and involve the government as thecharging individual = Criminalc. The party that files the criminal charges = Prosecutiond. The party that files the civil action charges = Plaintiffe. The party that is under the accusations = Defendant
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 10 preview imageSection 1 Setting the StageChapter 2 Evidence: Origins, Types, and Admissibility(Total Questions:26)Multiple Choice (20-30)1.What is considered court approved information that is used todetermine a defendant’s guilt or innocence?a.Expert Testimonyb.Eye-Witness Testimonyc.Evidence*d.Rules of Evidence2.Admissibility or inadmissibility of trial information is determined bythe application of what?a.Expert Testimonyb.Eye-Witness Testimonyc.Evidenced.Rules of Evidence*3.What is the goal of generating forensic evidence from the gatheredinformation?a. Establishing material facts before or at trial*b. Admissibility of evidencec. Demonstrate technological advances within the fieldd. Incarcerate defendants4. What must admissible evidence be?a. Reliable and relevant*b. Testimonial evidencec.Expert approvedd. Jury approved5. What jurisdiction do the FRE apply to?A. Allb. Federal*c. Stated. Local6. What name did the Daubert decision refer to the judge as?a. Gatekeeper*b. Trier of the factc. Plaintiffd. King/Queen7. What kind of evidence is forensic evidence considered?a. Directb. Circumstantial*c. Bothd. None of the above
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 11 preview image8. What type of evidence comes into court and does not reference aparticular suspect?a.Class characteristic*b.Individual characteristicc.Inculpatoryd.Exculpatory9. What is considered a common examination for questioned documents?a. Handwriting comparisonsb. Alterationsc. Obliterationsd. All of the above*10. What does the method in which a latent print it developed depend on?a. The latent printb. The surfacec. Visibility of the printd. Both a and b*True False (10-)1.The federal rules of evidence serve as a screening function for all piecesof evidence.a.True*b.False2.Testimony does not serve as a type of evidence.a.Trueb.False*3.The federal rules of evidence are inclusionary in nature, meaning theyserve to include all information presented by either side.a.Trueb.False*4.The forensic part of forensic evidence refers to the scientific processthrough which facts are generated and the evidence part refers to adistinct set of procedures that are unique to the litigation process.a.True*b.False5.A foundation consists of sufficiently supportive information presentedto a judge to convince him/her that the proposed information has thepotential to be true, and hence a jury could determine if it is or is notin fact true.a. True*b. False6.Admissibility hearings do not allow new scientific test methods to beintroduced as viable tools in forensic science.a. True
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 12 preview imageb. False*7.The Daubert decision was one of two in the late 1990’s thatsignificantly impacted the way in which many jurisdictions addressedthe admissibility of evidence.a. Trueb. False*8.The criminalist is responsible to report conclusions in a timely andconsistent manner and determine guilt.a. Trueb. False*Multiple Responses (5-10)1.Forensic science is the combination of the application of what?a. Scientific Theory*b. Laboratory Techniques*c. Federal Rules of Evidenced. Admissibility of Evidence2.What science(s) are included in the field of forensic science?a. DNA Analysis*b. Anthropology*c. Entomology*d. Geology*3.What disciplines associated with forensics are nontraditional innature?a. Footwear impression techniques*b. DNA analysisc. Fingerprint analysis*d. Chemical testing4.What must the court be assured about the methods in scientificanalysis?a. Scientifically acceptable*b. Reliable*c. Most recent methodologiesd. Implement the latest technological advances5.What do the federal rule of evidence not address?a. How to qualify*b. Weight of qualifications*c. Validity of the science or technology*d. Who is considered a witness6. What are possible conclusions based on class characteristic evidence?a. Questioned sample is indistinguishable from the known standard*b. Questioned sample came from the same source as the known
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 13 preview imagestandard and thus excludes all other possible sourcesc. Questioned sample does not match the known standard*d. Comparison is inconclusive*Matching (3-5)1.Match the court decisions with their criteria.a. Frye v. United States = General Acceptanceb. Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals = Judge is the gatekeeperc. G.E. v. Joiner = Relevanced. Kumho Tire v. Carmichael = All experts2. Match the scientific group with the type of evidence.a. Biological evidence = human tissues or fluidsb. Chemical evidence = drugs, explosives, toxicological samplesc. Trace evidence = microscopic physical evidenced. Impression evidence = footwear or tire impressionse. Firearm evidence = fired bullets, cartridge casings, and shot shellsd. Tool mark evidence = striation-type markings
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 14 preview imageSection 2 The Crime SceneChapter 3 Crime Scene Investigation(Total Questions: 30)Multiple Choice (20-30)1.Linkage of persons, scenes or objects is based on what?a.Edmond Locard’s exchange principle*b.Hans Gross’ principle on the value of physical evidencec.Sir Francis Galton’s classification systemd.Alphonse Bertillon’s measurement system2.The classification of the crime scene labels the site of the original orfirst criminal activity as what?a.Secondary crime sceneb.Primary crime scene*c.Initial crime scened.Minor crime scene3.Duties of the First Responder consist of which of the following?a.Detain any witnessesb.Protect the crime scenec.Document any changes or alterations to the crime scened.All of the above*4.Videography of the crime scene should NOT include which of the followinga.Crime scene team membersb.Narrationc.Crime scene member’s equipmentd.All of the above*5.There are two basic types of sketches as part of crime scene investigation: Roughand what other?a.Final*b.Initialc.Perfectd.None of the above6.A good example of a fixed point for sketching a crime scene would be?a.Recorded utility pole*b.Orange road conec.Parked vehicled.Piece of furniture7.What do digital imaging tools do to the traditional video and still photographyused in crime scene documentation?a.Replaceb.Restorec.Complement*d.Compete with8.What kind of documentation must be followed if any new items of evidence arefound?a.Consistent with the other documentation*
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 15 preview imageb.Document in a different manner to distinguishc.Does not matterd.None of the above9.When must documentation on found items be done?a.After everything is collectedb.Before it is collected*c.Once it is in the laboratoryd.After it is collected10.What is the process of determining or eliminating the events that could haveoccurred at the crime scene by the analysis of the crime scene appearance,location and position of physical evidence, and the forensic laboratoryexamination of the physical evidence?a.Sketching the crime sceneb.Photographing the crime scenec.Reconstructing the crime scene*d.Video recording the crime sceneTrue False (10-)1.A crime scenes boundaries are permanent and cannot change oncedefined.a.Trueb.False*2.The “who” of a crime scene is more important than the “how”.a.Trueb.False*3.The classification of a crime scene interferes with the priority or importanceof that crime scene?a.Trueb.False*4.All physical evidence at a crime scene will be directly linked to a suspect?a.Trueb.False*5.A contamination or security log is kept as written record of all entry/exit intothe secure areas of the crime scene?a.True*b.False6.Documentation notes are taken as the activities are done so as to not besubjected to memory loss?a.True*b.False7.When videoing a crime scene you should jump from one location to another?a.Trueb.False*8.A crime scene investigator should limit the number of photos taken at acrime scene?a.True
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 16 preview imageb.False*9.The six patterns of searching a crime scene are: link, line or strip, grid, zone,wheel or ray, and spiral methods?a.True*b.FalseMultiple Response (5-10)1.What are the objectives of crime scene investigation?a.Collect*b.Preserve*c.Interpret*d.Recognize*2.Forensic examination is a process of recognition, reconstruction, and whatother two steps?a.Identification*b.Associationc.Correlationd.Individualization*3.When taking notes for documentation of scene description informationconsists of which of the following?a.Date/Timeb.Weather*c.Major Structures*d.Team Members4.What proof of documentation of a photograph should be recorded in a photolog?a.Time taken*b.Roll and exposure number*c.Camera settings*d.Description of photo*5.The advantages of digital imaging include which of the following?a.Instant access*b.Manipulationc.Integration into electronic technologies*d.Expensive processing equipment6.What are the three techniques for obtaining measurements for the crimescene sketch?a.Triangulation*b.Base line*c.Polar coordinates*d.Fixed points7.What are the stages of crime scene reconstruction?a.Data collection*b.Conjecture*c.Hypothesis formulation*
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 17 preview imaged.Testing*e.Theory formulation*Matching (3‐5)1.Match the type of crime scene with the corresponding characteristics.a.Location according to criminal behavior = primary and secondaryb.Size = macroscopic and microscopicc.Type = homicide, robbery, sexual assaultd.Condition = organized, disorganizede.Physical location = indoor, outdoor, vehiclef.Associated criminal behavior = passive or active2.Documentation of a crime scene should be done in what order?a.Notes = 1b.Sketching = 4c.Video Recording = 2d.Photographing/Digital Imaging = 3e.Crime Scene Searches = 53.What type of information is contained within the specific documentationnote?a.Notification information = date/time, method of notification, andinformation receivedb.Arrival information = means of transportation, date/time, personnelpresent at the scene, and any notifications to be madec.Scene description = weather, location type and condition, majorstructures, and identification of transient and conditional evidenced.Crime scene team = assignments to team members, walk‐thruinformation, beginning and ending times, and evidence handlingresults4.What is done in the different stages of crime scene reconstruction?a.Data collection = Data including the condition of the physicalevidence, patterns and impressions, condition of the victim, etc., arereviewed, organized, and studied.b.Conjecture = Before any detailed analysis of the evidence isaccomplished, a possible explanation of the actions involved in thecrime scene may be done.c.Hypothesis formulation = Scene examination and inspection of thephysical evidence must be done. Interpretation of bloodstain andimpression patterns, gunshot residue patterns, fingerprint evidence,and analysis of trace evidence will lead to the formulation of areconstruction hypothesis.d.Testing = Additional experimentation after the hypothesis has beendeveloped to confirm or disprove the overall interpretation or specificaspects of the hypothesis.e.Theory formulation = Formed once the hypothesis has beenthoroughly tested and verified by analysis
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 18 preview imageSection 2: The Crime SceneChapter 4: Recognition of Bloodstain Patterns(Total Questions:37)Multiple Choice (20-30)1.Who submitted an affidavit of his examination of bloodstain evidence andfindings in the case of State of Ohio v. Samuel Sheppard in 1955 which became asignificant milestone in the recognition of bloodstain evidence by the Americanlegal system?a.Dr. Eduard Piotrowskib.Herbert Leon MacDonellc.Dr. Paul Kirk*d.Dr. Victor Balthazard2.Herbert Leon MacDonell conducted his first bloodstain institute in Jackson,Mississippi in what year?a.1973*b.1985c.1993d.20033.Defined as the force that pulls the surface molecules of a liquid toward its interior,decreasing the surface area and causing the liquid to resist penetration?a.Viscosityb.Surface Tension*c.Molecular Forcesd.Molecular Tension4.What is the normal clotting time of blood that has exited the body from healthyindividuals?a.1-2 hoursb.30-40 minutesc.3-15 minutes*d.10-15 seconds5.What are areas or patterns that result from the absence of bloodstains in otherwisecontinuous patters of staining?a.expirated patternsb.transfer patternsc.cast off patternsd.void patterns*6.Luminol is best used in what kind of environment?a.Darkened*b.Extremely brightc.Over exposedd.Does not matter7.In normal individuals what percentage of blood is comprised of cellularcomponents?a.10%b.45%*
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 19 preview imagec.50%d.95%8.What is the range of the total volume of blood in healthy individuals?a.1.0 – 3.0 litersb.4.0 – 5.5 litersc.4.5 – 6.0 liters*d.8.0 – 9.0 liters9.What is defined as the resistance to change of form or flow?a.Specific gravityb.Terminal velocityc.Viscosity*d.Surface tension10.Blood with not break into smaller droplets or spatters unless what is disrupted?a.Specific gravityb.Terminal velocityc.Viscosityd.Surface tension*11.What is determined by examining the edge characteristics of individual stains?a.Direction of flight*b.Area of originc.Angle of impactd.Area of convergence12.What degree of impact is associated with a circular shape?a.30%b.50%c.80%d.90%*13.The misting effect is a pattern associated with what?a.Gunshot*b.Beatingsc.Stabbingsd.Blood dripping14.What patterns have a linear directionality associated with them?a.Castoff*b.Satellitec.Dripd.Splashed15.What is the correct series of color changes for a bloodstain as it ages?a.Blue→Red→Brown→Blackb.Red→Reddish Brown→Black*c.Reddish Brown→Red→Blackd.Brown→Black→Red16.What bloodstain alteration results in bloodstains being diluted?a.Moisture*b.Voidsc.Clotting
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 20 preview imaged.Drying17.What bloodstaining includes transfer, flow patterns, saturation stains, and stainsfrom dripping blood?a.Activeb.Passive*c.Castoffd.Satellite18.What is always better when documenting bloodstain evidence?a.More*b.Lessc.Photographsd.VideoTrue False (10-)1.The interpretation of bloodstain patterns will only be as valid as the informationavailable and the ability of the examiner performing the analysis.a.True*b.False2.The nuclei of the red blood cells are the sources of DNA in the blood.a.Trueb.False*3.Calculated area of impact is always lower that the actual origin of the bloodstainsbecause of the gravitational attraction affecting the spatters while in flight.a.Trueb.False*4.Spattered blood is defined as a random distribution of bloodstains that vary in sizeand may be produced by a variety of mechanisms.a.True*b.False5.To create spatters of blood, the surface tension of the blood must not be overcomeby an external force.a.Trueb.False*6.Passive bloodstaining includes transfer, flow patterns, saturation stains and stainsresulting from dripping blood.a.True*b.False7.The degree of significance that may be attached to a given bloodstain pattern iscompromised due to insufficient documentation.a.True*b.False8.The surface tension of blood is slightly more than that of water.a.Trueb.False*
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 21 preview imageMultiple Response (5-10)1.What forces affect a single drop of blood falling through the air but do notovercome the surface tension of the blood?a.gravity*b.molecular forcesc.air resistance*d.intermolecular forces2.What type of target surface a drop of blood strikes will create little if any spatter?a.smooth tile*b.glass*c.woodd.concrete3.The size, quantity, and distribution of blood spatters vary depending on what?a.quantity of blood subjected to impact*b.quality of blood subjected to impactc.force of the impact*d.texture of the surface impacted by the blood*4.Bloodstains should be categorized relative to what?a.the events that produced them*b.the person who caused themc.the reverse order in which they were producedd.the possible sources and movement of these sources*5.What does active blood staining consist of?a.transferb.impact spatter*c.arterial spurts*d.expirated blood*6.What governments does the Scientific Working Group on Bloodstain PatternAnalysis (SWGSTAIN) serves as a professional forum in which bloodstainpattern analysis (BPA) practitioners can share, discuss, and evaluate methods,techniques, protocols, quality assurance, education, and research relating to BPA?a.Federal*b.State*c.Local*d.None of the above7.What are some biological properties of blood?a.Red blood cells*b.White blood cells*c.Platelets*d.Hormones*Matching (3-5)1.Match the terms with the correct definitions.a.Blood = transports oxygen, electrolytes, nourishment, hormones, vitaminsand antibodies to tissues and transports waste products from tissues
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 22 preview imageb.Plasma = a fluid protein that contains cellular components consisting ofred blood cell, white blood cell, and plateletsc.Serum = fluid or liquid portion of clotted blood2.Match the terms with the correct definitions.a.direction of travel/directionality = determined by the narrow end of anelongated bloodstainb.area of convergence = relative location of the blood source in a two-dimensional perspectivec.area of origin = location of the blood source in a three- dimensionalperspectived.angle of impact = can be calculated by using a mathematical relationshipthat exists between the width and length of an elliptical bloodstain3.Match the different bloodstain spatters with the correct statement.a.satellite spatter = created by blood dripping into bloodb.back spatter = impact spatter associated with the entrance wound from agun shotc.forward spatter = impact spatter associated with the exit wound from a gunshot4.Match the different bloodstain patterns with the correct statement.a.drip pattern = results from blood drops falling into previously depositedwet bloodstains or small pools of bloodb.expirated pattern = results from blood being forcefully expelled from thenose or mouth in order to free the airwaysc.transfer pattern = results when an object wet from blood comes intocontact or wiping with an unstained object of secondary surfaced.castoff pattern = results when the centrifugal force generated by swingingthe weapon is great enough to overcome the adhesive force that holds theblood to the object and the blood is flung from the object
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 23 preview imageSection 3 Death InvestigationChapter 5 Death Investigation(Total Questions: 50)Multiple Choice (20-30)1.In what year did the federal government enact a death investigationoperation?a.1990s*b.1980sc.1970sd.1960s2.Who was the coroner replaced by in 1977 in Massachusetts?a.Pathologistb.Medical Examiner*c.Pathologist assistantd.Judge3.How do coroner’s obtain their positions?a.Appointed by judgeb.Appointed by board of educatorsc.Elected*d.None of the above4.Around what war did cities such as Baltimore, Richmond, and NewYork adopt the medical examiners system of death investigation?a.World War I*b.World War IIc.Cold Ward.Korean War5.Who is a physician that specializes in pathology and the diagnosis ofdisease and sub specializes in the area between law and medicine?a.Coronerb.Medical Examinerc.Pathologist*d.Pathologist Assistant6.What Greek meanings describe the roots to the term pathologists?a.Suffering and word*b.Disease and writingc.Discoverer and deathd.Doctor and disease7.What is defined as the disease or injury that initiated the lethal chainof events that led to death?a.Mechanism of deathb.Manner of deathc.Cause of death*d.All of the above
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 24 preview image8.The acronym NASH is a breakdown of the four what?a.Mechanism of deathb.Manner of death*c.Cause of deathd.All of the above9.What change(s) are used to estimate time of death?a.Rigor mortisb.Livor mortisc.Algor mortisd.All of the above*10.___________ is a death that occurs within a few hours of the onset ofsymptoms or death without any symptoms.a.Sudden death*b.Instant deathc.Onset deathd.Delayed death11.What term means “to look at oneself”?a.Autopsy*b.Necropsyc.Mirroredd.Pathology12.What term means “looking at the dead”?a.Autopsyb.Necropsy*c.Mirroredd.Pathology13.What technique is customary in the United States for autopsyexamination?a.Transverse incisionb.Neck incisionc.Inframammary incision*d.X-shaped incision14.What is the term that refers to a chemical process that causes proteinsto harden; preserving tissues and prevents decomposition?a.Fixation*b.Settingc.Formaldehydingd.None of the above15.What specimens are usually collected to determine the presence ofcommon drugs of abuse?a.Blood and urine*b.Blood and bilec.Bile and urined.Spinal fluid and bile
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 25 preview image16.Traumatic deaths can be which of the following?a.Naturalb.Accidentalc.Suicidald.Homicidale.All of the above*17.What are traumatic deaths classified as?a.Mechanicalb.Thermalc.Chemicald.Electricale.All of the above*18.What trauma occurs when applied physical force exceeds the tensilestrength of the tissue to which the force is applied?a.Mechanical*b.Thermalc.Chemicald.Electrical19.What type of object produces lacerations rather than incised wounds?a.Blunt objects*b.Sharp objectsc.Electrical objectsd.All of the above20.What is the cutoff point between high velocity and low velocityinjuries?a.100 meters per secondb.300 meters per second*c.700 meters per secondd.1000 meters per second21.What color do carboxymyoglibin and carboxyhemoglobin appear as?a.Bright Red*b.Dull Greenc.Bright Pinkd.Bright Blue22.What term is used to describe the pattern of unburned powder thatpenetrates the skin?a.Stippling*b.Close contact patternc.Distant wound patternd.Powder pattern23.What causes entrance wounds to be round and/or elliptical?a.Bullet trajectoryb.Rotation from riffling*c.Proximity
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 26 preview imaged.Angle of impact24.What are the most common blunt force injuries in society causedfrom?a.Baseball batsb.Gunshot woundsc.Transportation collision*d.Knife wounds25.What term is defined as an accumulation of blood in the tissues outsidethe blood vessels?a.Contusion*b.Blood blisterc.Outer vessel woundd.Hepatoma26.What drug is most commonly seen in forensic practice but rarely killsdirectly and is a contributory factor in approximately 50% of traumaticdeath?a.Ethanol*b.Marijuanac.Cocained.None of the above27.At what level does carbon monoxide bind to hemoglobin?a.50 times more strongly than oxygenb.150 times more strongly than oxygenc.300 times more strongly than oxygen*d.1000 times more strongly than oxygen28.What chemical gained some notoriety as a means of administering thedeath penalty in California?a.Carbon monoxideb.Carbon dioxidec.Potassium cyanide*d.All of the above29.What is the mechanism of death generally associated with thermalburns?a.Multiple organ failure*b.Hemorrhagingc.Contusionsd.Infectious spreading30.What combination of current and voltage produces ventricularfibrillation?a.Alternating current (AC) and high voltageb.Alternating current (AC) and low voltage*c.Resistor–capacitor (RC) and high voltaged.Resistor–capacitor (RC) and low voltage31.What is a more common finding in manual strangulation?
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 27 preview imagea.Fracture of the cornu*b.Fracture or the hyoid bonec.Fracture of the sternumd.Fracture of the spineTrue False (10-)1.The Armed Forces Medical Examiner’s Office in the Armed ForcesInstitute of Pathology was the first federal government deathinvestigation operation.a.True*b.False2.Rigor, livor, and algor mortis are all changes that help accuratelyestimate the time of death.a.Trueb.False*3.Witness statements are not important to forensic pathologists and aregenerally disregarded.a.Trueb.False*4.In cases where death occurs in police custody, non-extensivedissections are generally performed.a.Trueb.False*5.A common method for coroners to preserve DNA for future DNAanalysis is to pull head hairs and place them in an envelope.a.True*b.False6.DNA embedded in paraffin blocks or cut into sections and made intoslides will not further decompose.a.True*b.False7.Photographs taken by a forensic photographer are often preferable tothose taken by a pathologist because the years of training andexperience required for a forensic photographer ensure the taking ofrelevant and ultimately admissible photographs.a.Trueb.False*8.The size of a sharp object can be precisely determined fromexamination of the characteristics of the wound.a.Trueb.False*9.Deaths from cocaine are more unusual than deaths from depressantdrugs.a.True*
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 28 preview imageb.FalseMultiple Response (5-10)1.What are considered manners of death?a.Natural*b.Accidental*c.Homicidal*d.Suicidal*2.What questions can generally be answered by scene examination by apathologist?a.Post-injury movement*b.Time between injury and death*c.Time of injury*d.Time of death*e.Time of unconsciousness*3.What religions generally restrict or forbid dissection of deceasedpersons?a.Judaism*b.Islam*c.Atheismd.None of the above4.What diseases can be transmitted by exposure to the virus containedin hair or blood?a.Hepatitis Ab.Hepatitis B*c.Hepatitis C*d.HIV*5.What are causes of asphyxias?a.Chemical*b.Thermal*c.Drowning*d.Hemorrhage6.What is a more common findings in manual strangulation?a.Fracture of the cornu*b.Fracture or the hyoid bonec.Hemorrhage of the chest musclesd.Hemorrhage of the strap muscles*Matching (3-5)1.Match the type of mortis with the correct definition.a.Rigor mortis = stiffening of the muscles that occurs followingdeathb.Livor mortis = discoloration of the body which occurs from thesettling of red blood cells after the blood stops circulating
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 29 preview imagec.Algor mortis = cooling of the body that occurs after death2.Match the type of wound with its general characteristic.a.Penetrating gunshot wound = entrance wound and no exitwoundb.Perforating gunshot wound = entrance wound and an exitwoundc.Contact wounds = blackening of the skind.Distant gunshot wounds = circular skin defect3.Match the levels of alcohol with the effects?a.> 0.03 gram percent = slight improvement in reaction timeb.< 0.03 gram percent = slowing of brain function and reactiontimec.~0.25 gram percent = a person who has not been exposedpreviously to ethyl alcohol will go into coma if not stimulatedd.~0.30 gram percent = a person who has not been exposedpreviously to ethyl alcohol will go into a deep coma; cannot beroused and will breathe slowly enough to eventually diee.~0.10 gram percent = a person who has not been exposedpreviously to ethyl alcohol will start vomiting and furtherabsorption will soon stop4.Match the type of thermal trauma to the appropriate definition andcharacteristic.a.Hypothermia = excessive coldb.Hyperthermia = excessive heatc.Hypothermia = common in individuals who are intoxicated withalcohol and exposed to cold temperaturesd.Hyperthermia = common in elderly people in northern cities andinfants left in parked automobiles during heat waves
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 30 preview imageSection 3 Death InvestigationChapter 6 Forensic Anthropology(Total Questions: 43)Multiple Choice (20-30)1.Where was the pivotal article on examining skeletal remains writtenby W.M. Krogman in 1939 published?a.Journal of Forensic Scienceb.FBI Bulletin*c.Journal of Forensic Anthropologyd.Anthropological News2.What organization examines and certifies forensic physicalanthropologists at the postdoctoral level and provides oversight inprofessional conduct?a.American Academy of Forensic Scienceb.American Board of Professional Anthropologistsc.American Board of Forensic Anthropology*d.American Academy of Physical Anthropologists3.What credential is increasingly utilized nationally and internationallyto qualify expert witnesses in court?a.Diplomate of the American Board of Forensic Anthropology*b.Diplomate of the American Academy of Forensic Sciencec.Certification from the American Board of ProfessionalAnthropologistsd.Certification of completion of a American Board of ProfessionalAnthropologists course4.Approximately how many bones does the adult human skeleton have?a.408b.307c.206*d.1055.What is the area where material from the grave and surrounding areais sifted through to reveal human remains, artifacts, fibers, andassociated insect?a.Sifting areab.Screening area*c.Revealing aread.Grave recovery area6.What animal’s paws are notoriously similar to human hands and feet?a.Bear*b.Lionc.Dogd.Sloth
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Test Bank For Forensic Science, 4th Edition - Page 31 preview image7.What is the term defined as the immediate environment andsurroundings where the body is found?a.Taphonomic context*b.Postmortem contextc.Postmortem environmentd.Taphonomic environment8.Using a broader range of estimated stature and age helps avoid what?a.Erroneous exclusion*b.Erroneous inclusionc.Narrowing the range of possible identitiesd.All of the above9.The skeleton is formed by the development and growth of what?a.Diaphysis centersb.Epiphysis centersc.Ossification centers*d.All of the above10.What does the timing of the formation, growth, and fusion ofossification centers depend on?a.Age and sexb.Bone elementc.Nutritional and hormonal statusd.All of the above*11.Who generally develops earlier?a.Malesb.Females*c.Both develop at the same rated.None of the above12.How many teeth do most human adults have?a.23b.32*c.42d.4513.What is the dental formula for a human child?a.2.1.2.*b.3.2.3.c.2.3.2d.1.2.114.When does tooth development begin?a.Fetal life*b.Newbornc.Infantd.Toddler15.What is the most reliable indicator of adult age?a.Femur
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Subject
Criminal Justice
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Forensic Science by James, Stuart H...

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