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Test Bank for Core Concepts in Health, Second Canadian Edition

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    Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Environmental challenges that we currently face include all of the following, EXCEPT 1) A) traffic congestion. B) air and water pollution. C) global warming. D) under population. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 2) When devising a plan of action for behaviour change, all of the following are important steps, EXCEPT 2) A) avoid others. B) modify your environment. C) reward yourself. D) control related habits. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 3) During a "stages of change" behaviour change program, some people may lapse. If this occurs, the best strategy for them is to 3) A) start over from the beginning. B) learn from the lapse as they slip back to an earlier stage. C) choose a different behaviour for change. D) give up. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 4) All of the following are key aspects of occupational wellness, EXCEPT 4) A) feelings of achievement. B) opportunities to learn and grow. C) enjoyable work. D) job dissatisfaction. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 1

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    5) John, an Inuit Aboriginal student, has chosen to incorporate exercise into his daily routine and to reduce the amount of salt in his diet after finding out that his blood pressure is high. His decision to make these lifestyle changes is most likely based on the following health concerns for Inuit Aboriginals. 5) A) They have higher suicide rates. B) They have a higher incidence of tuberculosis than males in other population groups. C) They have higher rates of infant mortality. D) They have higher rates of heart disease and obesity. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 6) The 'M' in SMART goals stands for 6) A) mini. B) moderate. C) meaningful. D) measurable. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 7) The precontemplation stage is characterized by 7) A) a planning for change. B) an awareness of the problem. C) a belief that there is no need for change. D) a modification of behaviour. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 8) The "greenhouse" effect is 8) A) more pronounced in under-developed nations. B) a complex system of burning coal. C) an invisible insulating blanket that traps heat and increases the temperature of the atmosphere. D) not yet proven. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 2

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    9) The following are all environmental factors, EXCEPT the 9) A) air you breathe. B) genetic make-up in your body. C) water you drink. D) amount of alcohol consumption in your home. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 10) Regular exercise decreases one's risk of all of the following EXCEPT 10) A) osteoporosis. B) diabetes. C) heart disease. D) lung cancer. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 11) Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender teens are at greater risk for 11) A) obesity. B) suicide. C) asthma. D) cancer. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 12) If you tell yourself, "It's Friday already, I might as well wait until Monday to start" you are 12) A) blaming. B) rationalizing. C) procrastinating. D) justifying. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 13) The behaviour one identifies for change is called 13) A) enabling behaviour. B) predisposed behaviour. C) bad news. D) target behaviour. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 3

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    14) The six dimensions of wellness include all of the following, EXCEPT 14) A) emotional wellness. B) environmental wellness. C) intellectual wellness. D) physical activity wellness. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 15) Reducing pollution and waste in the workplace is an example of promoting _______________ wellness. 15) A) environmental B) intellectual C) social D) spiritual Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 16) Entries made into a health journal about a behaviour should note all the following, EXCEPT 16) A) how you felt at the time. B) what your friends/family did. C) when and where it happened. D) what the activity was. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 17) All of the following are important considerations whenever you encounter health-related information, EXCEPT 17) A) go to the original source. B) distinguish between research reports and public health advice. C) watch for misleading language. D) apply anecdotes to your own life. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 4

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    18) When evaluating health topics on the Internet, check the 18) A) testimonials for evidence. B) blogs first. C) latest media post on the topic. D) qualifications of the people behind the site. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 19) The complete set of genetic material in an individual's cells is referred to as her or his 19) A) genome. B) genes. C) proteome. D) RNA. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 20) Chances of success in behaviour management DECREASE if 20) A) programs are those that can be followed over a long time. B) environmental cues are ignored. C) efforts are cost-effective. D) change in behaviour is real and lasting. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 21) The percentage of overweight or obese Canadians is 21) A) 60 percent. B) 45 percent. C) 18 percent. D) 33 percent. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 22) All of the following are important aspects of well-being that you may not be able to control, EXCEPT 22) A) smoking status. B) heredity. C) environment. D) health care. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 5

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    23) When considering health information available on the Internet, which of the following is not an important question to ask yourself when considering the reliability and accuracy of the information? 23) A) Is the site promotional? B) How often is the site updated? C) What do other sources say about the topic? D) Where is the headquarters for the publisher? Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 24) Carla has become very busy since she came to university. She is a full-time student and is very active in campus clubs and organizations. Her classes and campus activities leave her little time to socialize with her friends. She is beginning to feel as if she has let her friends down because she has had to cancel several activities that they had planned, but she also feels guilty if she isn't able to meet her other obligations. Carla has always thought that she was in control of her life and has managed well up until now. She wants to spend more time with her friends without giving up her other activities. Carla will probably be able to balance her time so that she can study, be active on campus, and have fun with her friends because she 24) A) has an external locus of control. B) has an internal locus of control. C) is persuasive and her friends will do as she asks. D) will stick to her plan without making changes. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 25) The top health issue affecting students' academic performance today is 25) A) relationship problems. B) depression. C) alcohol abuse. D) stress. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 6

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    26) A primary purpose of developing a personal contract for behaviour change is to 26) A) notify others of your intent to change your behaviour. B) prioritize the behaviours that you are considering changing. C) assess your motivation for changing a health behaviour. D) commit you to your word of behaviour modification. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 27) A strategy to increase your chances of success in the pursuit of a new behaviour is to 27) A) frequently visualize goal attainment and enjoy its benefits. B) rationalize temporary setbacks to minimize feelings of failure. C) find a new behaviour to change if you experience a temporary failure. D) stick with the program even during periods of high stress. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 28) The first step in improving wellness by lifestyle management is to 28) A) ask friends what you should improve. B) reward yourself. C) begin with a self-assessment. D) ask your family for assistance. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 29) Which of the following is a positive social influence on health behaviours? 29) A) supportive friends B) personal skills C) attitudes D) money Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 30) The 'T' in SMART goals stands for 30) A) tough. B) time-frame specific. C) tangible. D) theoretical. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 7

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    31) Which of the following is an example of taking action to modify the environment and support health behaviours? 31) A) serving alcoholic drinks at your parties B) smoking your friend's cigarettes so that she does not have to C) voting for measures that reduce air pollution D) encouraging legislators to pass legislation increasing the number of public areas where smoking is allowed Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 32) When learning about the risks and benefits of a target behaviour, all of the following are important questions to ask, EXCEPT 32) A) What diseases or conditions does this behaviour place you at risk for? B) Is your target behaviour too difficult to change? C) How is your target behaviour affecting your level of wellness today? D) What effect would changing your behaviour have on your health? Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 33) The most constructive response to a temporary setback in the pursuit of a new behaviour is 33) A) increasing rewards to make efforts more worthwhile. B) not tolerating temporary failure. C) accepting the fact that problems may periodically occur. D) accepting the blame for failing if you return to your old behaviour. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 34) In the past 100 years, the major causes of death have shifted from ______________ to _____________. 34) A) infectious diseases; heart disease B) heart disease; cancer C) childbirth; infectious diseases D) accidents; AIDS Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 8

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    35) If you were born in 1900, your life expectancy was approximately 35) A) 32 years. B) 62 years. C) 77 years. D) 47 years. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 36) What percentage of First Nations people living on reserve have type 2 diabetes? 36) A) 73 percent. B) 17 percent. C) 90 percent. D) 50 percent. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 37) Communication skills, intimacy, and satisfying relationships are components of 37) A) intellectual wellness. B) interpersonal wellness. C) emotional wellness. D) spiritual wellness. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 38) Donna is about 25 pounds overweight, has tried a variety of diets, and has repeatedly failed to maintain weight loss. She defends her weight with the explanation that almost all of her relatives are overweight, and none has ever been successful with attempts to lose weight. Donna can best be described as 38) A) being a victim of genetics. B) having an internal locus of control. C) having an external locus of control. D) being unmotivated. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 39) A comparison survey of North American smokers and non-smokers found that 39) A) non-smokers report fewer days of sadness. B) non-smokers report eating more. C) smokers report more energy. D) smokers report fewer days of troubled sleep. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 9

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    40) Income and education are closely linked with health status. The _____________ the poverty rate and the _____________ the education level, the better the health. 40) A) lower; higher B) higher; higher C) lower; lower D) higher; lower Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 41) Approximately what percentage of individuals experience some backsliding during behaviour change? 41) A) 60 percent. B) 90 percent. C) 40 percent. D) 80 percent. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 42) All of the following are important considerations during the action stage of behaviour change, EXCEPT 42) A) change your environment. B) involve your friends. C) monitor your progress. D) practice visualization and self-talk. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 43) A personal contract for behaviour change includes all of the following details, EXCEPT 43) A) date you will start. B) strategies you plan to use to promote change. C) rewards for good behaviour. D) steps you will take to measure your progress. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 10

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    44) Spiritual wellness is best described as having 44) A) meaning and purpose in one's life. B) the ability to share one's feelings. C) the ability to express oneself creatively. D) a strong support network of family and friends. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 45) Which of the following is currently Canada's number-one cause of death? 45) A) cancer B) suicide C) unintentional injuries D) heart disease Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 46) A target behaviour can best be defined as 46) A) a friend's behaviour that you urge him or her to change. B) a lifelong habit you want to stop immediately. C) an isolated behaviour that is the focus of your behaviour change plan. D) several bad habits in need of change. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 47) Strategies for boosting self-efficacy include all of the following, EXCEPT 47) A) encouragement from supportive people. B) developing an external locus of control. C) self-talk. D) visualization. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 11

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    48) All of the following are true of people living in rural areas of Canada as compared to their urban counterparts, EXCEPT 48) A) less likely to obtain preventive health screening tests. B) greater sense of community belonging. C) more likely to experience stress. D) less likely to be diagnosed with cancer. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 49) The best response to behaviour-related diseases is 49) A) prevention. B) rehabilitation. C) chemical treatment. D) surgical treatment. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 50) The average life span in the twentieth century 50) A) nearly doubled. B) increased slightly. C) nearly tripled. D) did not change significantly. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 51) Which one of the following qualities contributes positively to one's physical wellness? 51) A) maintaining an optimistic attitude B) being open to new ideas C) eating a balanced diet D) maintaining satisfying relationships Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 52) Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for maintaining behaviour change? 52) A) refocusing B) assessing stress levels C) evaluating social influences D) rationalizing Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 12

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    53) The most harmful consequence of environmental abuse is 53) A) global warming. B) contaminated drinking water. C) acid rain. D) pesticides. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 54) What percentage of Canadian adults identify themselves as gay, lesbian, or bisexual? 54) A) 5 percent. B) 11 percent. C) 1 percent. D) 2 percent. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 55) If you tell yourself, "I couldn't exercise because Dave was hogging the treadmill" you are 55) A) blaming. B) rationalizing. C) procrastinating. D) justifying. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 56) The health determinant over which we have least control is 56) A) genetic makeup. B) tobacco use. C) diet. D) exercise. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 57) According to the "SMART" criteria; a behaviour change such as "drink eight cups of water every day" is an example of being 57) A) realistic. B) too easy. C) specific. D) truthful. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 13

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    58) The 'S' in SMART goals stands for 58) A) specific. B) smart. C) super. D) social. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 59) Heart disease, a leading cause of death in Canada, is strongly related to all of the following EXCEPT 59) A) high levels of physical activity. B) cigarette smoking. C) a sedentary lifestyle. D) high levels of stress. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 60) Writing a contract for behaviour change involves all of the following, EXCEPT 60) A) identifying the consequences of failure to reach the established goal. B) identifying the steps to be used to measure progress. C) clearly stating your goal. D) setting a date to begin. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 61) Information from a health journal maintained after a behaviour change plan is put into action should be used to do all of the following, EXCEPT 61) A) make revisions in the plan. B) identify barriers to progress. C) identify new behaviours to change. D) track progress. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 62) Optimism, trust, and self-confidence are components of 62) A) spiritual wellness. B) physical wellness. C) emotional wellness. D) interpersonal wellness. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 14

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    63) Men have higher rates of death than women from all of the following, EXCEPT 63) A) stroke. B) suicide. C) unintentional injuries. D) homicide. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 64) The top three causes of death among Canadians age 15 to 24 are 64) A) accidents, cancer, and suicide. B) smoking, heart disease, and suicide. C) homicide, cancer, and accidents. D) accidents, heart disease, and cancer. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 65) The environmental health threats faced by our ancestors included all of the following, EXCEPT 65) A) poor sanitary conditions. B) water pollution. C) acid rain. D) lack of physical activity. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 66) Taking your focus off the real problem and denying responsibility for your own actions is referred to as 66) A) blaming. B) rationalizing. C) procrastinating. D) justifying. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 67) According to the stages of change model, people at this stage plan to take action within a month or may already have begun to make small changes in their behaviour. 67) A) contemplation B) action C) precontemplation D) preparation Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 15

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