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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Document preview page 1

Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 1

Document preview content for Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020)

Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020)

Prepare for your certification with Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) , a comprehensive guide packed with expert insights, key concepts, and practice questions to help you pass with confidence.

Alexander Wilson
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Page 1 of 16
Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 1 preview image
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 2 preview image
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 3 preview imageBasic and Applied Sciences© Mometrix Media - flashcardsecrets.com/nasmNASMDiscuss the three main functions of the nervous system, andgive an overview of its functioning.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 4 preview imageBasic and Applied SciencesThe nervous system has three main functions:1.Sensing—perceive internal and external alterations to the body.2.Integrating—compute sensory information to communicate to thebody the correct action to take.3.Motor—transmit information to the muscles of the body when it istime to initiate movement and control this movement.The human body uses sensory inputs to gather information about itselfand the surrounding world. This information travels to the centralnervous system where the information will be processed and acted uponthrough a process calledintegration. The brain will make decisionsbased on the information gathered, or reject the information if necessary.If the brain decides to act on the information gathered, it initiatesmovement through motor pathways. Because the nervous systemcontrols all human movement, it is important to train it to ingrain correctmovement and improve reaction time.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 5 preview imageBasic and Applied Sciences© Mometrix Media - flashcardsecrets.com/nasmNASMDescribe the brain and spinal cord in the context of the centralnervous system.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 6 preview imageBasic and Applied SciencesThe brain and spinal cord make up thecentral nervous system. Thebrain controls bodily processes consciously (e.g., higher thinking/mentalfaculties, voluntary muscle action, memory, etc.) and unconsciously (e.g.,heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, digesting food, etc.). The spinalcord has nerves that innervate major organs and muscles and initiatemuscle movement or organ function at the command of the brain.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 7 preview imageBasic and Applied Sciences© Mometrix Media - flashcardsecrets.com/nasmNASMDescribe what mechanoreceptors, muscle spindles, Golgitendon organs, and joint receptors are, where in the body theyare located, and what their functions are. Detail the importanceof each in terms of training.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 8 preview imageBasic and Applied SciencesMechanoreceptorsreside in the joints and connective tissues of thebody (tendons, ligaments, and muscles). They sense changes in thecompression or stretching of the muscles or tissues. Muscle spindles,Golgi tendon organs, and joint receptors are types of mechanoreceptors.Muscles containmuscle spindles. They sense alteration in the length ofthe muscle and the rate of alteration. Muscle spindles contract when theyare stimulated to protect the muscle from overstretching.Golgi tendon organssense alteration in muscle tension and the rate ofalteration. Golgi tendon organs operate at the junction of a muscle and atendon. Golgi tendon organs relax when they are stimulated to protectthe muscle from overstressing.Joint receptorssense changes in speed in the joint. Joint receptors senseoverextension of the joint and respond to provide protection for it.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 9 preview imageBasic and Applied Sciences© Mometrix Media - flashcardsecrets.com/nasmNASMDescribe the anatomical structure of the nervous system,including how sensory information is passed along this system.Discuss neurons, including afferent neurons, interneurons, andefferent neurons.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 10 preview imageBasic and Applied SciencesThe nervous system is composed of the central and peripheral nervoussystems. Thecentral nervous systemincludes the main organs of thenervous system: the brain and the spinal column. Theperipheralnervous systemincludes all parts of the nervous system that branch offfrom the central nervous system, such as cranial and spinal nerves.The nervous system consists of billions ofneurons—special cells madeup of a cell body, axon, and dendrite. Function determines neuronnomenclature:·Afferent neurons—transmit information from muscles andorgans to the central nervous system.·Interneurons—transmit information from neuron to neuron.·Efferent neurons—transmit information from the central nervoussystem to muscles or glands.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 11 preview imageBasic and Applied Sciences© Mometrix Media - flashcardsecrets.com/nasmNASMDiscuss the purpose of the skeletal system, and describe its twomajor sections.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 12 preview imageBasic and Applied SciencesTheskeletonprovides a support system for the muscles and organs ofthe body and initiates movement. Additionally, the skeletal systemprotects major organs (heart, brain, etc.) and creates red blood cells (thistakes place in the bone marrow). The skeletal system stores minerals(such as calcium and phosphorus) and releases them into the body,which regulates mineral balance and promotes proper body function.The skeletal system contains into two major sections: the axial skeletalsystem and the appendicular skeletal system. Theaxial skeletal systemhas nearly 80 bones and is composed of the head, spine, and rib cage. Theappendicular systemcontains the appendages, the shoulders, and thehip complex. It has more than 120 bones.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 13 preview imageBasic and Applied Sciences© Mometrix Media - flashcardsecrets.com/nasmNASMDiscuss the importance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 14 preview imageBasic and Applied SciencesCerebrospinal fluid(CSF) surrounds the brain and central nervoussystem. It helps insulate and protect the brain and central nervoussystem from hard blows to the head or unanticipated change in speed.The head and neck must be protected during sports play because a hardblow (e.g., tackle in football) could damage the brain and central nervoussystem by disrupting the CSF.Afferent neuronspass information to the brain via the spinal cord.Efferent neuronstransmit information from the brain to effector cells.Effector cellsinitiate action in the muscles or organs. Acute or chronicinjury, illness, or inflammation can disrupt afferent and efferentpathways. If this occurs, messages will not travel efficiently to the brainor the body. In extreme cases, the message will not travel at all.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 15 preview imageBasic and Applied Sciences© Mometrix Media - flashcardsecrets.com/nasmNASMDiscuss the different types of bones, and give examples of eachtype.
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Flashcard Study System for the NASM Personal Trainer Exam: NASM Test Practice Questions and Review (2020) - Page 16 preview imageBasic and Applied SciencesThe skeleton is composed of long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregularbones, and sesamoid (round) bones. Examples oflong bonesare thehumerus and the femur. The shaft of a long bone, which is called thediaphysis, is made up of compact bone. The ends of a long bone are calledthe epiphyses, and these are made up of cancellous bone. The epiphysesare the sites of bone growth.Short bonesare found in groups, and aid inmovement. This type of bone is found in the wrist and ankle. Examples offlat bonesare the ribs, scapula, sternum, and cranial bones. Thevertebrae, facial bones, and skull bones areirregular bones. Sesamoidbones are located within a tendon. The patella, for example, is asesamoid bone.
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