Princeton Review SAT Premium Prep, 2023: 9 Practice Tests + Review and Techniques (2022)

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EditorialRobFranek,Editor-in-ChiefDavidSoto,SeniorDirector,DataOperationsStephenKoch,SeniorManager,DataOperationsDeborahWeber,DirectorofProductionJasonUllmeyer,ProductionDesignManagerJenniferChapman,SeniorProductionArtistSelenaCoppock,DirectorofEditorialAaronRiccio,SeniorEditorMeaveShelton,SeniorEditorChrisChimera,EditorOrionMcBean,EditorPatriciaMurphy,EditorLauraRose,EditorAlexaSchmittBugler,EditorialAssistantPenguinRandomHousePublishingTeamTomRussell,VP,PublisherAlisonStoltzfus,SeniorDirector,PublishingBrettWright,SeniorEditorEmilyHoffman,AssistantManagingEditorEllenReed,ProductionManagerSuzanneLee,DesignerEugeniaLo,PublishingAssistantThePrincetonReview110East42ndStreet,7thFloorNewYork,NY10017Email:editorialsupport@review.comCopyright©2022byTPREducationIPHoldings,LLC.Allrightsreserved.PublishedintheUnitedStatesbyPenguinRandomHouseLLC,NewYork,andinCanadabyRandomHouseofCanada,adivisionofPenguinRandomHouseLtd.,Toronto.TermsofService:ThePrincetonReviewOnlineCompanionTools(“StudentTools”)forretailbooksareavailableforonlythetwomostrecenteditionsofthatbook.StudentToolsmaybeactivatedonlyoncepereligiblebookpurchasedforatotalof24monthsofaccess.ActivationofStudentToolsmorethanonceperbookisindirectviolationoftheseTermsofServiceandmayresultindiscontinuationofaccesstoStudentToolsServices.

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ISBN9780593450581EbookISBN9780593450987SATisatrademarkregisteredbytheCollegeBoard,whichisnotaffiliatedwith,anddoesnotendorse,thisproduct.ThePrincetonReviewisnotaffiliatedwithPrincetonUniversity.Permissionhasbeengrantedtoreprintportionsofthefollowing:“TheWindshield-PittingMysteryof1954.”©2015NationalPublicRadio,Inc.Excerptsfromnewsreporttitled“TheWindshield-PittingMysteryOf1954”byLintonWeekswasoriginallypublishedonNPR.orgonMay28,2015,andisusedwiththepermissionofNPR.Anyunauthorizedduplicationisstrictlyprohibited.PriitVesilindwithJamesandMaureenTusty,TheSingingRevolution.©2008bySkyFilmsIncorporated.www.singingrevolution.com.“HazyDaysinOurParks”©2015CharlesPetit.Excerptfrom“HazyDaysinOurParks”byCharlesPetitoriginallypublishedbySmithsonianMagazineinJune2005.Gardner'sArtThroughtheAgesbyHorstDeLaCroix,RichardG.Tansey,DianeKirkpatrick.9thedition,1991.Copyright©1991byHarcourtBraceJovanovich,Inc.RepublishedwithpermissionofCengageLearningSO.PermissionconveyedthroughCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.“TheParthenonFrieze—AnotherView.”©1977byJohnBoardman.TheCreators:AHistoryofHeroesoftheImaginationbyDanielJ.Boorstin,copyright©1992byDanielJ.Boorstin.UsedbypermissionofRandomHouse,animprintanddivisionofPenguinRandomHouseLLC.Allrightsreserved.Anythirdpartyuseofthismaterial,outsideofthispublication,isprohibited.InterestedpartiesmustapplydirectlytoPenguinRandomHouseLLCforpermission.AlsousedbypermissionofTheOrionPublishingGroup,London.“Tinybrains,butsharedsmarts,”fromtheNationalScienceFoundation,June17,2015.Reprintedwithpermission.“lwrotemyownspeechonce.Itdidn’tsoundlikemeatall!”ReprintedbypermissionofCartoonStock.com.“Telehealthexpansionneedspayment,coveragepolicyadvances,”byDr.NabilElSanadi.Reprintedwithpermission,ModernHealthcareSeptember12,2015.©CrainCommunications,Inc.HowToFlyAHorse:TheSecretHistoryofCreation,Invention,andDiscovery.©2015byKevinAshton.“FreeUpgrades,Unfortunately”byElsaYoungsteadt.Copyright©2006byAmericanScientist.ReprintedwithpermissionofAmericanScientist.f-StudyXy

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“Fillupyourgastankwithbamboo?byJoeTurner,Science,February2,2015.ReprintedwithpermissionofAAAS.“WhatDarwinDidn'tKnow”byThomasHayden.February2009.Smithsonianmagazine.“WhatHappensIfGPSFails?”byDanGlass.TheAtlantic,June13,2016.ReprintedbypermissionofCopyrightClearanceCenter.ExcerptfromTheMatterMyth:DramaticDiscoveriesthatChallengeourUnderstandingofPhysicalReality,byPaulDaviesandJohnGribbin.Copyright©1991byOrionProductionsandJohnGribbin.ReprintedwiththepermissionofSimon&Schuster,Inc.Allrightsreserved.“ScientistsDiscoverChildren’sCellsLivinginMother’sBrains,”byRobertMartone.OriginallypublishedDecember4,2012inScientificAmerican.Copyright©2012ScientificAmerican,adivisionofNatureAmerica,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Copyright,ImperialCollegeLondon.“Asteroidkilledoffthedinosaurs,saysinternationalscientificpanel.”ScienceDaily.Reprintedwithpermission.“TheDyingoftheDeadSea”byJoshHammer.©2005bySmithsonianmagazine.“InHumansandAnimals,SocialLearningDrivesIntelligence”©2018SussexPublishers,LLC(PsychologyToday)“BirthofNewNeuronsintheHumanHippocampusEndsinChildhood”byNicholasWeiler.©March2018byUniversityofCaliforniaSanFrancisco.“Adultneurogenesisinhumans:Dogmaoverturned,againandagain?”byLauraC.Andreae.©2018byScienceTranslationalMedicine“WhyWeSleepBadlyonOurFirstNightinaNewPlace”byEdYong.©2018byTheAtlanticMonthlyGroup.Editor:ChrisChimeraProductionEditors:LizDaceyandEmilyEpsteinWhiteProductionArtist:JasonUllmeyerCoverartbyPaulBrady/AlamyStockPhotoCoverdesignbySuzanneLeea_prh_6.0_140224945_c0_r0+Studyxy

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AcknowledgmentsAnSATcourseismuchmorethanclevertechniquesandpowerfulcomputerscorereports.Thereasonourresultsaregreatisthatourteacherscaresomuchabouttheirstudents.Manyteachershavegoneoutoftheirwaytoimprovethecourse,oftengoingsofarastowritetheirownmaterials,someofwhichwehaveincorporatedintoourcoursemanualsaswellasintothisbook.Thelistoftheseteacherscouldfillthispage.Specialthankstoallthosewhocontributedtothisyear’sedition:SaraKuperstein,AmyMinster,ScottO'Neal,CynthiaWard,AnneBader,GabbyBudzon,BrittanyLee,JomilLondon,JasonMorgan,JessThomas,andChrisVakulchik.Wearealso,asalways,veryappreciativeofthetimeandattentiongiventoeachpagebyJasonUllmeyer,LizDacey,EmilyEpsteinWhite.Finally,wewouldliketothankthepeoplewhotrulyhavetaughtuseverythingweknowabouttheSAT:ourstudents.

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ContentsForewordGetMore(Eree)_ContentPartI:Orientation1TheSAT,ThePrincetonReview,andYou2PracticeTest13PracticeTest1:AnswersandExplanations4CrackingtheSAT:BasicPrinciplesPartll:HowtoCracktheReadingTest5TheReadingTest:BasicApproachSATReading;CrackingthePassagesSamplePassageandQuestionsStepsoftheBasicApproachUsingtheBasicApproach6MoreQuestionTypesMoreQuestionTypesontheReadingTestPairedQuestionsPurposeQuestionsGeneralQuestionsChartsandGraphsDualPassagesDualPassageDrillDualPassageDrillAnswersandExplanations

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7AdvancedReadingSkillsWhentheGoingGetsToughTranslatingMatchingBackAnswerChoices8ReadingDrillsReadingDrill1ChapterDrillAnswersandExplanationsPartlll:HowtoCracktheWritingandLanguageTest9IntroductiontoWriting_andLanguageStrategy.CanYouReallyTestWritingonaMultiple-ChoiceExamWhereDidAlltheQuestionsGo?TheAnswerChoicesAsktheQuestionsLearnfromtheAnswerChoicesPOEDoestheBigWorkAlloftheQuestionsCan'tBeWrongAlloftheTimeHowtoAcetheWritingandLanguageTest:AStrategy.Writing_andLanguageDrill1Writing_andLanguageDrill1AnswerKey.10WordsTheWordsChange,buttheSongRemainstheSameTransitionsVerbsPronounsVocabulary,ConcisionMoreFunwithWordsWriting_andLanguageDrill2

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Writing_andLanguageDrill2:AnswersandExplanations11QuestionsAndThenSATWasLike,“Hey,Can|AskYouaQuestion?”PurposeAddingandDeletingOrderCombining_SentencesWhatDoGraphsHavetoDowithGrammar?ConclusionWriting_andLanguageDrill3Writing_andLanguageDrill3:AnswersandExplanations12PunctuationWait,theSATWantsMetoKnowHowtoUseaSemicolon?STOP,GO,_andtheVerticalLineTestASlightPauseforCommasYourGoingtoBeTestedonApostrophe’sPunctuationQuestionsinDisguiseConclusionWriting_andLanguageDrill4Writing_andLanguageDrill4:AnswersandExplanationsPartIV:HowtoCracktheMathTestAFewWordsaboutSATMath13SATMath:TheBigPictureTheBig_PictureBallparkingReadtheFinalQuestionOnePieceataTime

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WriteStuffDownTheCalculator14FunwithFundamentalsTheBuildingBlocksThereAreOnlySixOperationsFractionsDecimalsExponentsandSquareRootsHowtoReadChartsandGraphsFundamentalsDrill1:NoCalculatorSectionFundamentalsDrill2:Calculator-PermittedSectionChapterDrillAnswersandExplanations15Algebra:CrackingtheSystemSATAlgebra:CrackingtheSystemFundamentalsofSATAlgebraSolvingRadicalEquationsSolvingRationalEquationsSolvingforExpressionsSolvingSimultaneousEquationsSolvingInequalitiesSimplifying_ExpressionsSolvingQuadraticEquationsImaginaryandComplexNumbersWhenValuesareAbsoluteAlgebraDrill1:NoCalculatorSectionAlgebraDrill2:Calculator-PermittedSectionChapterDrillAnswersandExplanations16OtherSATAlgebraStrategies

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PrincetonReviewAlgebra—AKAHowtoAvoidAlgebraontheSATPluggingIntheAnswers(PITA)SolvingRationalEquationsSolvingRadicalEquationsPluggingInYourOwnNumbersMeaningInContextSATAlgebraStrategiesDrill1SATAlgebraStrategiesDrill2ChapterDrillAnswersandExplanations17AdvancedArithmeticRatiosandProportionsPercentagesPercentChangePercentages:AdvancedPrinciplesAveragesWhatIsaMedian?WhatIsaMode?WhatisaFrequencyTable?WhatIsaRange?WhatisStandardDeviation?RatesProbability,SetsofQuestionsAnalysisinScienceAdvancedArithmeticDrill:Calculator-PermittedSectionChapterDrillAnswersandExplanations18FunctionsandGraphs

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FunctionFundamentalsTheCoordinatePlanePointsonaLineSlopeEquationsofaLineParallelandPerpendicularLinesTwoEquationswithInfinitelyManySolutionsTwoEquationswithNoSolutionsPointsofIntersectionOtherThingsYouCanDotoaLineRoot,Solutions,andx-interceptsGraphingFunctionsEquationsofaParabolaEquationofaCircleFunctionsandGraphsDrill1FunctionsandGraphsDrill2ChapterDrillAnswersandExplanations19Geometry,GeometryontheSATLinesandAnglesTrianglesCirclesRectanglesandSquaresPolygonsVolumeBallparkingPluggingInGeometryDrill1

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GeometryDrill2ChapterDrillAnswersandExplanations20Grid-InsWhatisaGrid-In?TheInstructionsFractionsorDecimals:YourChoiceGridding_In:ATestDriveMorePOODRangeofAnswersExtendedThinkingGrid-InDrill1Grid-InDrill2ChapterDrillAnswersandExplanationsPartV:TakingtheSATPartVI:PracticeTestsPracticeTest2PracticeTest2:AnswersandExplanationsPracticeTest3PracticeTest3:AnswersandExplanationsPracticeTest4PracticeTest4:AnswersandExplanations

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ForewordWelcometoPrincetonReviewSATPrep!TheSATisnotatestofaptitude,howgoodofapersonyouare,orhowsuccessfulyouwillbeinlife.TheSATsimplytestshowwellyoutaketheSAT.AndperformingwellontheSATisaskill,onethatcanbelearnedlikeanyother.ThePrincetonReviewwasfoundedmorethan35yearsagoonthisverysimpleidea,and—asourstudents’testscoresshow—ourapproachistheonethatworks.Sure,youwanttodowellontheSAT,butyoudon’tneedtoletthetestintimidateyou.Asyouprepare,remembertwoimportantthingsabouttheSAT:oItdoesn’tmeasurethestuffthatmatters.Itmeasuresneitherintelligencenorthedepthandbreadthofwhatyou’relearninginhighschool.Itdoesn’tpredictcollegegradesaswellasyourhighschoolgradesdo.Collegesknowthereismoretoyouasastudent—andasaperson—thanwhatyoudoinasingle3-hourtestadministeredonarandomSaturdaymorning.«Itunderpredictsthecollegeperformanceofwomen,minorities,anddisadvantagedstudents.Historically,womenhavedonebetterthanmenincollegebutworseontheSAT.Foratestthatisusedtohelppredictperformanceincollege,that’saprettypoorrecord.YourpreparationfortheSATstartshere.WeatThePrincetonReviewspendmillionsofdollarseveryyearimprovingourmethodsandmaterialssothatstudentsarealwaysreadyfortheSAT,andwe’llgetyoureadytoo.However,thereisnomagicpill:justbuyingthisbookisn’tgoingtoimproveyourscores.Solidscoreimprovementtakescommitmentandeffortfromyou.

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Ifyoureadthisbookcarefullyandworkthroughtheproblemsandpracticetestsincludedinthebook,notonlywillyoubewell-versedintheformatoftheSATandtheconceptsittests,youwillalsohaveasoundoverallstrategyandapowerfularsenaloftest-takingstrategiesthatyoucanapplytowhateveryouencounterontestday.InadditiontothecomprehensivereviewinSATPrep,we’veincludedadditionalpracticeonline,accessiblethroughourwebsite—PrincetonReview.conr—tomakeitevenmoreefficientathelpingyoutoimproveyourscores.Beforedoinganythingelse,besuretoregisteryourbookatPrincetonReview.com/prep.Whenyoudo,youllgainaccesstothemostup-to-dateinformationontheSAT,aswellasmoreSATandcollegeadmissionsresources.Themoreyoutakeadvantageoftheresourceswe’veincludedinthisbookandtheonlinestudenttoolsthatgowithit,thebetteryou’lldoonthetest.Readthebookcarefullyandlearnourstrategies.Takethefull-lengthpracticetestsunderactualtimedconditions.Analyzeyourperformanceandfocusyoureffortswhereyouneedimprovement.Perhapsevenstudywithafriendtostaymotivated.AttendafreeeventatThePrincetonReviewtolearnmoreabouttheSATandhowitisusedinthecollegeadmissionsprocess.Searchourwebsiteforaneventthatwilltakeplacenearyouortakeplaceonline!Thistestischallenging,butyou'reontherighttrack.We’llbewithyoualltheway.Goodluck!TheStaffofThePrincetonReview

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1GotoPrincetonReview.com/preporscantheQRcodeandenterthefollowingISBNforyourbook:97805934509872AnswerafewsimplequestionstosetupanexclusivePrincetonReviewaccount.(Ifyoualreadyhaveone,youcanjustlogin.)

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3EnjoyaccesstoyourFREEcontent!Needtoreportapotentialcontentissue?ContactEditorialSupport@review.comandinclude:

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«fulltitleofthebook»ISBN*pagenumberNeedtoreportatechnicalissue?ContactTPRStudentTech@review.comandprovide:yourfullname+emailaddressusedtoregisterthebook«fullbooktitleandISBN«Operatingsystem(Mac/PC)andbrowser(Chrome,Firefox,Safari,etc.)Onceyou'veregistered,youcan...»Accessandprintoutfivemorefull-lengthpracticetestsaswellasthecorrespondinganswersandexplanations»CheckoutbonusPremiumcontent,includingcomprehensivestudyguidesandshortvideostohelpenhanceyourtestprep*Readourspecial“SATInsider”andgetvaluableadviceaboutthecollegeapplicationprocess,includingtipsforwritingagreatessayandwheretoapplyforfinancialaid

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+Downloadprintableresourcessuchasscoreconversiontables,extrabubblesheets,andessaylessonsforstudentswithrequiredessaysforSATSchoolDayadministrations«Ifyou'restillchoosingbetweencolleges,useoursearchablerankingsofTheBest388Collegestofindoutmoreinformationaboutyourdreamschool»Checktoseeiftherehavebeenanycorrectionsorupdatestothisedition*GetourtakeonanyrecentorpendingupdatestotheSATLookForTheseIconsThroughoutTheBookPREMIUMPORTALONLINEVIDEOTUTORIALSONLINEARTICLESONLINEPRACTICETESTSPROVENTECHNIQUES

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APPLIEDSTRATEGIESSTUDYBREAKOTHERREFERENCESWATCHUSCRACKIT

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PartIOrientation1TheSAT,ThePrincetonReview,andYou2PracticeTest13PracticeTest1:AnswersandExplanations4CrackingtheSAT:BasicPrinciples

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LET'SGETTHISPARTYSTARTED!Youareabouttounlockavastrepertoireofpowerfulstrategiesthathaveoneandonlyonepurpose:tohelpyougetabetterscoreontheSAT.ThisbookcontainsthecollectedwisdomofThePrincetonReview,whichhasspentmorethan35yearshelpingstudentsachievehigherscoresonstandardizedtests.We’vedevotedmillionsofdollarsandyearsofourlivestobeatingtheSAT.It’swhatwedo(twistedasitmaybe),andwewantyoutobenefitfromourexpertise.Welcome!WelcometothePremiumEditionofSATPrep.Thiseditioncomeschock-fullofawesomeonlineresources,includingfivemorefull-lengthpracticetests,aswellasvideos,studyguides,collegeadmissionsarticles,andmore.See“GetMore(Free)Content”onthispageforstep-by-stepinstructionsforaccessingyourexclusivePremiumtools.Happytestprepping!WHATISTHEPRINCETONREVIEW?ThePrincetonReviewistheleaderintestprep.OurgoalistohelpstudentseverywherecracktheSATandabunchofotherstandardizedtests,includingthePSATandACTaswellasgraduate-levelexamsliketheGREandGMAT.Startingfromhumblebeginningsin1981,ThePrincetonReviewisnowthenation’slargestSATpreparationcompany.Weoffercoursesinmorethan500locationsin20differentcountries,aswellasonline;wealsopublishbest-sellingbooks,liketheoneyou'reholding,andonlineresourcestogetstudentsreadyforthistest.T=StudyXY

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Ourtechniqueswork.WedevelopedthemafterspendingcountlesshoursscrutinizingrealSATs,analyzingthemwithcomputers,andprovingourtheoriesintheclassroom.ThePrincetonReviewWayThisbookwillshowyouhowtoscorehigherontheSATbyteachingyouto:eextractimportantinformationfromtrickytestquestions«takefulladvantageofthelimitedtimeallowed«systematicallyanswerquestions—evenifyoudon’tfullyunderstandthem«avoidthetrapsthattheSAThaslaidforyou(andusethosetrapstoyouradvantage)ThetestiswrittenandadministeredbytheCollegeBoard,andtheyknowthatourtechniqueswork.Foryears,thetest-writersclaimedthattheSATcouldn’tbecoached.Butwe’veproventhatviewwrong,andtheyinturnhavestruggledtofindwaysofchangingtheSATsothatThePrincetonReviewwon’tbeabletocrackit—ineffect,acknowledgingwhatourstudentshaveknownallalong:thatourtechniquesreallydowork.(Infact,theCollegeBoardhasrecentlyadmittedthatstudentscanandshouldpreparefortheSAT.Sothere!)TheSAThasremainedhighlyvulnerabletoourtechniques.AndthecurrentversionoftheSATisevenmoresusceptibletoourmethods.Readthisbook,workthroughthedrills,takethepracticetests,andyou’llseewhatwemean.Ifyouweregettingreadytotakeabiologytest,you'dstudybiology.Ifyouwerepreparingforabasketballgame,you'dpracticebasketball.So,ifyou'repreparingfortheSAT,youneedtostudyandpracticefortheSAT.Theexamcan'ttesteverythingyoulearninschool(infact,ittestsverylittle),soconcentrateonlearningwhatitdoestest.

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Chapter1TheSAT,ThePrincetonReview,andYouWelcome!OurjobistohelpyougetthebestpossiblescoreontheSAT.ThischaptertellsyouwhattoexpectfromtheSATaswellassomespecificsaboutthetest.ItwillalsoexplainhowtomakethemostofallyourPrincetonReviewmaterials.

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YoumayhaveboughtthisbookbecauseyouknownothingabouttheSAT,orperhapsyoutookthetestonceandwanttoraiseyourscore.Eitherway,it’simportanttoknowaboutthetestandthepeoplewhowriteit.Let’stakeasecondtodiscusssomeSATfacts:someofthemmaysurpriseyou.ThisJustInTheSATischangingagain.InJanuary2022,CollegeBoardannouncedthattheSATwillbegoingdigitalandgettingamakeoverintheprocess.ThesechangeswillgointoeffectinMarch2023forinternationalstudentsandinMarch2024forstudentsintheU.S.ThePrincetonReviewwillbetrackingthesechangesandwillcontinuetoofferourstudentsallthetoolstheyneedtoprepareforthisnewversionoftheSAT.WhatDoestheSATTest?JustbecausetheSATfeaturesmath,reading,andwritingquestionsdoesn’tmeanthatitreflectswhatyoulearnedinschool.YoucanacecalculusorwritelikeFaulknerandstillstrugglewiththeSAT.Thetest-writersclaimthatthetestpredictshowwellyouwilldoincollegebymeasuring“reasoningability,”butalltheSATreallymeasuresishowwellyoutaketheSAT.Itdoesnotrevealhowsmart—orhowgood—apersonyouare.WhoWritestheSAT?EventhoughcollegesanduniversitiesmakewideuseoftheSAT,they’renottheoneswhowritethetest.That’sthejoboftheCollegeBoard,theorganizationthatcreatesthetestsanddecideshowtheywillbeadministeredandused.Thetest-writersareoftencriticizedfortheSAT.Manyeducatorshavearguedthatthetestdoesnotmeasuretheskillsyoureallyneedforcollege.Thisledthemin2005tooverhaultheentiretest,onlytoreviseitalloveragaininearly2016.TheimportanttakeawayhereisthatthepeoplewhowritetheT=StudyXY

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SATareprofessionaltest-writers,and,withsomepractice,it’spossibletobeatthemattheirowngame.Wait,WhoWritesThisTest?YoumaybesurprisedtolearnthatthepeoplewhowriteSATtestquestionsareNOTnecessarilyteachersorcollegeprofessors.ThepeoplewhowritetheSATareprofessionaltest-writers,notsuperhumangeniuses,soyoucanbeatthemattheirowngame.What’sontheSAT?TheSATis3hourslongformoststudents.Insomestates,a50-minuteessayisalsorequiredaspartoftheSATSchoolDayadministration.Ifyouaretakingsuchanadministration,checktoseewhethertheessaywillbepartofit.TheSATconsistsofthefollowing:o1multiple-choiceReadingTest(52questions,65minutes)o1multiple-choiceWritingandLanguageTest(44questions,35minutes)«1MathTest,consistingofaNoCalculatorsection(20questions,25minutes)andaCalculatorsection(38questions,55minutes)KeyTakeawayWhatreallymatterstoyouasatest-takerishowthetestisdividedupandwhatYOUneedtoknowtocrackit!BothsectionsoftheMathTestcontainsomestudent-produced-responsequestionscalledGrid-Ins,butallotherquestionsontheexamaremultiplechoice.Allmultiple-choicesectionsontheSAThavefourpossibleanswerchoices.Eachpartofthisbookcoversthesetestsindetail,buthere’sabriefrundownofwhatyoucanexpect.StudyXY

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Forevenmorepractice,checkout10PracticeTestsfortheSAT.ReadingTestYourscoresontheReadingTestandtheWritingandLanguageTest(seebelow)togethermakeupyourEvidence-BasedReadingandWritingscoreontheSAT.TheReadingTestis65minuteslongandconsistsof52questions,allofwhicharepassagebasedandmultiplechoice.Passagesmaybepairedwithinformationalgraphics,suchaschartsorgraphs,andtherewillbeaseriesofquestionsbasedonapairofpassages.Theselectedpassageswillbefrompreviouslypublishedworksintheareasofworldliterature,history/socialstudies,andscience.Questionsbasedonsciencepassagesmayaskyoutoanalyzedataorhypotheses,whilequestionsonliteraturepassageswillfocusmoreonliteraryconceptsliketheme,mood,andcharacterization.ThemaingoaloftheReadingTestistomeasureyourabilitytounderstandwordsincontextaswellasfindandanalyzeevidence.WritingandLanguageTestTheWritingandLanguageTestis35minuteslongandconsistsof44questions,whicharealsomultiplechoiceandbasedonpassages.However,insteadofaskingyoutoanalyzeapassage,questionswillrequireyoutoproofreadandeditthepassage.Thismeansyouwillhavetocorrectgrammarandwordchoice,aswellasmakelargerchangestotheorganizationorcontentofthepassage.MathTestYouwillhaveatotalof80minutestocompletetheMathTest,which,asmentionedearlier,isdividedintotwosections:NoCalculator(Section3;25

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minutes,20questions)andCalculator(Section4;55minutes,38questions).Mostquestionsaremultiplechoice,buttherearealsoahandfulofwhatCollegeBoardcallsStudent-producedResponsequestions,whicharealsoknownasGrid-Ins.ForGrid-Inquestions,insteadofchoosingfromfouranswerchoices,you'llhavetoworkthroughaquestionandthenenteryouransweronyouranswersheetbybubblingintheappropriatenumbers.We’lldiscussthisinmoredetailinChapter20.Exactly13ofthe58mathquestionswillbeGrid-Ins.TheMathTestcoversfourmaincontentareas,whichtheCollegeBoardhasnamedthefollowing:(1)HeartofAlgebra,(2)ProblemSolvingandDataAnalysis,(3)PassporttoAdvancedMath,and(4)AdditionalTopicsinMath.Thislastsectionincludescomplexnumbersandtopicsingeometryandtrigonometry.PartIVofthisbookcoverseachofthesecontentareasindepth.TheOptionalEssayisNoLongeranOptionAfterJune2021,CollegeBoardstoppedofferingstudentstheoptiontotaketheSATessay.Thismeansthatnocollegesrequireit(sinceit’snotanoptionformoststudents),soignoreanyoutdatedinformationyoumightseeabouttheSATessay.TheonlystudentswhowilltaketheessayarethosewhoarerequiredtodosoduringaSchoolDayAdministration—thatis,whenyourschoolordistricthasyoutaketheSATduringaschooldayratherthanovertheweekend.IfyouwillbetakingaSchoolDaySAT,findoutfromyourschoolwhethertheessayportionwillbeincluded.Ifitwillbe,youcanfindsomesamplepromptsonlineinyourfreeStudentTools.

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EnhanceyourtestprepwithyourPremiumonlineresources,likehelpfulvideotutorialsandweek-by-weekstudyguides.Plus,usethe“SATInsider”tohelpnavigatecollegeadmissions,applications,financialaid,andmore.ScoringontheSATTheSATisscoredonascaleof400to1600,whichisacombinationofyourscoresforEvidence-BasedReadingandWriting(acombinationofyourReadingandWritingandLanguagescores,scoredfrom200to800)andMath(alsoscoredfrom200to800).Theexamalsohasadetailedscoringsystemthatincludescross-testscoresandsubscoresbasedonyourperformanceoneachofthethreetests.YourscorereportfortheSATwillfeaturescoresforeachofthefollowing:oTotalScore(1):Thesumofthetwosectionscores(Evidence-BasedReadingandWriting,Math),rangingfrom400to1600«SectionScores(2):Evidence-BasedReadingandWriting,rangingfrom200to800;Math,alsorangingfrom200to800TestScores(3):ReadingTest,WritingandLanguageTest,MathTest,eachofwhichisscoredonascalefrom10to40oCross-TestScores(2):Eachisscoredonascalefrom10to40andbasedonselectedquestionsfromthethreetests(Reading,WritingandLanguage,Math):1.AnalysisinHistory/SocialStudies2.AnalysisinScienceoSubscores(7):Eachofthefollowingreceivesascorefrom1to15:1.CommandofEvidence(Reading;WritingandLanguage)

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2.WordsinContext(Reading;WritingandLanguage)3.ExpressionofIdeas(WritingandLanguage)4.StandardEnglishConventions(WritingandLanguage)5.HeartofAlgebra(Math)6.ProblemSolvingandDataAnalysis(Math)7.PassporttoAdvancedMath(Math)Thisscoringstructurewasdesignedtohelpprovideamoreholisticprofileofstudents’skillsandknowledge,aswellasreadinessforcollege.However,collegesaren’tlikelytolookatthecross-testscoresorthesubscores.YourEvidence-BasedReadingandWritingscoreisdeterminedinthefollowingway:VerbalScaledScoreoutof800=Sincethetwoverbalsectionsaretiedtogether,animprovementineitherareawillincreaseyourEvidence-BasedReadingandWritingscore.TheMathscoreisabitlesscomplicated,withadirectrelationshipbetweentheMathTestScoreandthenumberofquestionsansweredcorrectlyintheMathsections.Thescalemaychangeslightlyfromtesttotest,butthischartwillgiveyouagoodideaoftheapproximatescoreyouwouldgetwitheachnumberofrawpoints.MathScaleScore35012

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