Public and Private Families: An Introduction 7th Edition Test Bank

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1Student: ___________________________________________________________________________1.The general trend of Americans' attitudes toward the unmarried has been from an attitude of__________ to an attitude of __________.A.non-acceptance; acceptanceB.neutrality; non-acceptanceC.non-acceptance; neutralityD.neutrality; tolerance2.In the United States there appears to have been a broad cultural shift in the values Americanshold most dear. Thegeneral trend has been from an emphasis on ________ to _________.A.personal relationships; obligationsB.parenting; employee relationshipsC.personal growth; service to othersD.parenting; self-fulfillment3.______________ individualism can best be described as a style of life that emphasizes thedevelopment of ones own feelings and emotional satisfaction.A.individualB.utilitarianC.expressiveD.emotional4.The best term todescribe the attitude of many Americans toward marriage and family in the2000s isA.reluctance.B.ambivalence.C.intolerance.D.confusion.

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5.The ___________ can be described as the tendency to obtain public goods byallowing others todo the work of providing them.A.boundary problemB.externality problemC.utilitarian problemD.free rider problem6.The primary family unit in Western nations isA.the nuclear family living in thevicinity of extended kin.B.the small, household-based single parent living with his or her children.C.the small, household-based family of parents and children.D.the small, household-based family of two adults.7.In 2004, thestate of _______________ became the first state to legalize same-sex marriage,joining the countries of Canada, Spain, Belgium and the Netherlands.A.New YorkB.MassachusettsC.VermontD.California8.If you were concerned withthe way families discipline their children, handle their disagreements,or share their affection, you would be focusing on theA.public family.B.sexually based primary relationship.C.external family.D.private family.9.Anadult child who takes care of elderly parents—shopping and cooking for them, taking them todoctors, and so on—is producing a ___________.A.negative externality.B.private good.C.public good.D.mediocre externality.

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10.Of thefollowing, which group would not fit the definition of a public family?A.A gay man caring for a partner with AIDSB.A childless married couple with no dependentsC.A lesbian couple jointly raising a child born to one of themD.Adivorced mother and her children11.Sociologists generally do not use experiments to prove or disprove relationships between twofactors since ______ is seldom possible.A.hypothesizingB.data collectionC.observationD.randomization12.A social institution emphasizesA.the history of the family as a social institution.B.people's personalities and their interactions with other family members.C.the rules, roles, and relationships in families.D.economic influences on the family.13.Those most likely to view marriage as a socially constructed institution organized to maintainmale dominance most likely subscribe to the principles ofA.feminist theory.B.conflict theory.C.postmodern perspective.D.exchange theory.14.If you want to determine how a family is adjusting to the daily expectations and changes ofremarried life with children, the most effective sociological theory to employ would beA.postmodern perspectiveB.conflict.C.symbolic interaction.D.feminism.

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15.To conduct ___________ studies, researchers may join the group they are interested in and livewith them for a period of time.A.survey questionnaireB.experimentalC.random sampleD.observational16.While the public family is about __________, the private family is about __________.A.caretaking and dependency/nurturing and intimacyB.outsiders/insidersC.governmentinterference/husband and wife family unitD.image and the media/the day-to-day living of family life17.From a(n) _______ perspective, people are viewed as rational beings who decide whether toexchange goods or services by considering thebenefits they will receive, the costs they will incur,and the benefits they might receive if they chose an alternative course of action.A.exchange perspectiveB.functionalist perspectiveC.symbolic interactionist perspectiveD.postmodern perspective18.According to the __________ perspective personal identity and choices become more importantand more often reflected upon.A.symbolic interactionistB.postmodernC.reflexivityD.functionalistperspective19.Most people have used the __________ perspective in thinking about families throughout most ofhistory.A.optimistB.functionalistC.privateD.public

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20.A gay person caring for an HIV-positive partner isfulfilling a function of the ________.A.private familyB.alternative familyC.public familyD.diversity defenders21.Gender, the characteristics distinguishing men and women from each other, is thought tooriginate from__________ defined roles, according to feminist theorists.A.biologicallyB.culturallyC.scientificallyD.naturally22.Today, most Americans view the family as a(n) _________ institution.A.privateB.traditionalC.publicD.economic23.A state in which family members are unsure of who is and who is not in the family is referred toasA.assigned kinshipB.created kinshipC.boundary ambiguityD.a public family

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24.Matching Quiz1.systematic, organized series of steps towardstudying family and other issues to ensure asmuch objectivity and consistency as possible;theory that has been useful in studyingfamiliesgender____2.benefits or costs that accrue toothers whenan individual or business produces somethingGeorge H.Mead____3.one adult or two adults related by marriage,partnership, or share parenthood who takecare of dependents, and the dependentsthemselvesfamily as asocial institution____4.perspective that focuses on personal identityand choicepublic family____5.set of roles and rules that defines the familychildren____6.one of the notable public goods produced byfamiliespostmodernperspective____7.social and cultural characteristics thatdistinguish women and men in a societypublic goods____8.major figure in symbolic interaction theoryexternalities____9.two or more individuals whomaintain anintimate relationship that they expect will lastindefinitely (with children, until the childrenreach adulthood), live in the same household,and pool their income and household laborprivate family____10.things that may beenjoyed by people whodo not produce themscientificmethod____25.Most Americans still want to marry but have less of a need to do so in the 2000s.TrueFalse26.Many Americans agree with both traditional and modernbeliefs about family life.TrueFalse27.One disadvantage of survey research on family is the limited information that can be gathered.TrueFalse28.Reflexivity is the process where individuals take in knowledge, look carefully at it, and alter theirbehavior as a result of itTrueFalse

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29.There are strong similarities between American families and families in other Western nations.TrueFalse30.Research evidence demonstrates that our biological makeupcreates predispositions towardsome behaviors and away from others, especially with respect to gender behaviors.TrueFalse31.According to the postmodern perspective, the late modern era is characterized by constrainedchoices and lives similar to those of our grandparents.TrueFalse32.How does the traditional view of family differ from that of the modernist viewpoint? Specifically,what does each view say about family change, what is a limitation of each view, and what wouldeachview suggest as a solution to current family issues?33.Postmodern perspective advocates and feminist perspective advocates would argue that nosocial scientist can conduct completely objective research. Why is this so?34.Explain how some positive externalities involve the production of what are called public goods.

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35.Why is the definition of family important in social, legal, and economic terms?36.Using knowledge gained fromreading Cherlin, list the costs and benefits for a woman, a man,and a one-year-old child in a family where both adults work full time outside the home. In makingsuch a list, what theoretical perspective in sociology would you be using?37.Name the major methods that sociologists use to study families. Describe ONE of thesemethods.38.How does created kinship differ from assigned kinship? Give a concrete, realistic example ofeach.

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39.How arechildren a "public good" in the economic use of the phrase?40.How would a survey of 10 parents in your neighborhood differ from a random survey of parentsall over the United States?41.What are thedisadvantages of using surveys to collect data on U.S. families?42.On average, which person in an exchange is able to receive greater benefits and incur fewercosts?

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43.Explain the current social security system inthis country in terms of the free rider problem.44.Name and briefly explain three of the classical social theories relating to the study of the family.45.How do attractive and acceptable alternatives tomarriage, such as lifelong singlehood orcohabitation, change the importance of marriage within our culture?46.Explain the connection between American individualism and the increasing tolerance ofprogressive views of marriage and the family.

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47.Choose one of the following topics and outline the steps needed to analyze this topicscientifically:Age at first marriage and chance of divorceTeenage drinking and drivingEffects of divorce on children's achievement in schoolLink between child abuse and violent adult behaviorEffect of family structure on childhood achievementReligion and duration of marriageClass and age at first marriageEducational level and income

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1Key1.(p.6)Thegeneral trend of Americans' attitudes toward the unmarried has been from an attitude of__________ to an attitude of __________.A.non-acceptance; acceptanceB.neutrality; non-acceptanceC.non-acceptance; neutralityD.neutrality; toleranceCherlin-Chapter 01 #12.(p.34)In the United States there appears to have been a broad cultural shift in the values Americanshold most dear. The general trend has been from an emphasis on ________ to _________.A.personal relationships; obligationsB.parenting; employee relationshipsC.personal growth; service to othersD.parenting; self-fulfillmentCherlin-Chapter 01 #23.(p.7)______________ individualism can best be described as astyle of life that emphasizes thedevelopment of ones own feelings and emotional satisfaction.A.individualB.utilitarianC.expressiveD.emotionalCherlin-Chapter 01 #34.(p.9)The best term to describe the attitude ofmany Americans toward marriage and family in the2000s isA.reluctance.B.ambivalence.C.intolerance.D.confusion.Cherlin-Chapter 01 #4

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5.(p.12)The ___________ can be described as the tendency to obtain public goods byallowing othersto do the work of providing them.A.boundary problemB.externality problemC.utilitarian problemD.free rider problemCherlin-Chapter 01 #56.(p.17)The primary family unit in Western nations isA.thenuclear family living in the vicinity of extended kin.B.the small, household-based single parent living with his or her children.C.the small, household-based family of parents and children.D.the small, household-based family of twoadults.Cherlin-Chapter 01 #67.(p.5)In 2004, the state of _______________ became the first state to legalize same-sex marriage,joining the countries of Canada, Spain, Belgium and the Netherlands.A.New YorkB.MassachusettsC.VermontD.CaliforniaCherlin-Chapter 01 #78.(p.13)If you were concerned with the way families discipline their children, handle theirdisagreements, or share their affection, you would be focusing on theA.public family.B.sexually based primary relationship.C.external family.D.private family.Cherlin-Chapter 01 #8

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9.(p.10)An adult child who takes care of elderly parents—shopping and cooking for them, taking themtodoctors, and so on—is producing a ___________.A.negative externality.B.private good.C.public good.D.mediocre externality.Cherlin-Chapter 01 #910.(p.12)Of the following, which group would not fit thedefinition of a public family?A.A gay man caring for a partner with AIDSB.A childless married couple with no dependentsC.A lesbian couple jointly raising a child born to one of themD.A divorced mother and her childrenCherlin-Chapter 01 #1011.(p.19)Sociologists generally do not use experiments to prove or disprove relationships between twofactors since ______ is seldom possible.A.hypothesizingB.data collectionC.observationD.randomizationCherlin-Chapter 01 #1112.(p.33)A social institution emphasizesA.the history of the family as a social institution.B.people's personalities and their interactions with other family members.C.the rules,roles, and relationships in families.D.economic influences on the family.Cherlin-Chapter 01 #12

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13.(p.26)Those most likely to view marriage as a socially constructed institution organized to maintainmale dominance most likelysubscribe to the principles ofA.feminist theory.B.conflict theory.C.postmodern perspective.D.exchange theory.Cherlin-Chapter 01 #1314.(p.23-24)If you want to determine how a family is adjusting to the dailyexpectations and changes ofremarried life with children, the most effective sociological theory to employ would beA.post modern perspectiveB.conflict.C.symbolic interaction.D.feminism.Cherlin-Chapter 01 #1415.(p.20)To conduct ___________ studies, researchers may join the group they are interested in andlive with them for a period of time.A.survey questionnaireB.experimentalC.random sampleD.observationalCherlin-Chapter 01 #1516.(p.16)While the public family is about __________, the private family is about __________.A.caretaking and dependency/nurturing and intimacyB.outsiders/insidersC.government interference/husband and wife family unitD.imageand the media/the day-to-day living of family lifeCherlin-Chapter 01 #16

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