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Test Bank For Essentials of Sociology 12th Edition Test Bank

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—1) Henslin, Essentials of Sociology , 12th Edition, Test Bank Chapter 1: The Sociological Perspective Multiple-Choice Questions TB_Q1.1.1 The _____ perspective emphasizes the social contexts in which people live. a. societal b. sociological c. natural sciences d. ethnocentric Answer: b. sociological Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Explain why both history and biography are essential for the sociological perspective. Topic/Concept: The Sociological Perspective Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q1.1.2 A group of people who share a culture and a territory is known as a(n) a. global group. b. extended family group. c. society. d. global village. Answer: c. society. Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Explain why both history and biography are essential for the sociological perspective. Topic/Concept: The Sociological Perspective Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q1.1.3 The corners in life that people occupy because of their place in a society are referred to as a. social location. b. social affiliation. c. social empowerment. d. dominant groups.

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—2) Answer: a. social location. Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Explain why both history and biography are essential for the sociological perspective. Topic/Concept: The Sociological Perspective Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q1.2.4 Auguste Comte is credited as being the founder of a. sociology. b. economics. c. modern science. d. political science. Answer: a. sociology Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Trace the origins of society, from tradition to Max Weber. Topic/Concept: Origins of Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q1.2.5 Using _____, Comte applied the scientific method to the social world. a. negativism b. positivism c. natural science d. anthropology Answer: b. positivism Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Trace the origins of society, from tradition to Max Weber. Topic/Concept: Origins of Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.2.6 The phrase “survival of the fittest” was coined by a. Charles Darwin. b. Herbert Spencer. c. Auguste Comte.

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—3) d. Karl Marx. Answer: b. Herbert Spencer. Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Trace the origins of society, from tradition to Max Weber. Topic/Concept: Origins of Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q1.2.7 Karl Marx believed that the engine of human history is a. democracy. b. communism. c. reconciliation. d. class conflict. Answer: d. class conflict. Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Trace the origins of society, from tradition to Max Weber. Topic/Concept: Origins of Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.2.8 The _____, according to Marx, were the exploited workers who did not own the means of production. a. capitalists b. communists c. proletariat d. fascists Answer: c. proletariat Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Trace the origins of society, from tradition to Max Weber. Topic/Concept: Origins of Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.2.9 Durkheim’s concept of _____ refers to the degree to which people are tied to their social groups. a. social integration

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—4) b. revolution c. conflict theory d. religion Answer: a. social integration Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Trace the origins of society, from tradition to Max Weber. Topic/Concept: Origins of Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.2.10 The _____ examined by sociologists are recurring characteristics or events. a. individual motivations b. patterns of behavior c. nonsocial forces d. rationales Answer: b. patterns of behavior Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Trace the origins of society, from tradition to Max Weber. Topic/Concept: Origins of Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.2.11 According to Max Weber, the central force in social change is a. economics. b. politics. c. religion. d. tradition. Answer: c. religion. Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Trace the origins of society, from tradition to Max Weber. Topic/Concept: Origins of Sociology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q1.3.12 Why do women not figure more prominently among early sociologists?

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—5) a. There were no female early sociologists. b. Once sociology became a recognized academic discipline, men designated the women—who were activists—as social reformers, not sociologists. c. In no field has sexism been more evident than in sociology. d. The field of sociology seemed neither rigorous enough nor relevant enough to attract women. Answer: b. Once sociology became a recognized academic discipline, men designated the women—who were activists—as social reformers, not sociologists. Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Trace the development of sociology in North America and explain the tension between objective analysis and social reform. Topic/Concept: Sociology in North America Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q1.3.13 Early sociologist and social reformer Jane Addams a. fought against the American Civil Liberties Union. b. won the Nobel Prize for Peace. c. married W. E. B. Du Bois. d. never joined the American Sociological Society. Answer: b. won the Nobel Prize for Peace. Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Trace the development of sociology in North America and explain the tension between objective analysis and social reform. Topic/Concept: Sociology in North America Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.3.14 Talcott Parsons was influential in a. shifting sociology from reform to theory. b. warning Americans about the power elite. c. developing concrete models for social change. d. shifting sociology from theory to reform. Answer: a. shifting sociology from reform to theory. Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Trace the development of sociology in North America and explain the tension between objective analysis and social reform. Topic/Concept: Sociology in North America

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—6) Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.3.15 With basic sociology, the goal of analyzing some aspect of society is that of a. making changes. b. gaining knowledge. c. solving problems. d. getting grants. Answer: b. gaining knowledge. Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Trace the development of sociology in North America and explain the tension between objective analysis and social reform. Topic/Concept: Sociology in North America Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q1.3.16 _____ harnesses the sociological perspective for the benefit of the public. a. Basic sociology b. Experimental sociology c. Classical sociology d. Public sociology Answer: d. Public sociology Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Trace the development of sociology in North America and explain the tension between objective analysis and social reform. Topic/Concept: Sociology in North America Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.4.17 In _____, symbols are the key to understanding how we look at the world and communicate with one another. a. functional analysis b. symbolic interactionism c. conflict theory d. order theory Answer: b. symbolic interactionism

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—7) Learning Objective: LO 1.4 Explain the basic ideas of symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory. Topic/Concept: Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.4.18 One of the sociologists who developed symbolic interactionism is a. George Herbert Mead. b. Auguste Comte c. Robert Merton d. Herbert Spencer Answer: a. George Herbert Mead Learning Objective: LO 1.4 Explain the basic ideas of symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory. Topic/Concept: Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q1.4.19 In the eyes of _____, society is a whole unit, made up of interrelated parts that work together. a. symbolic interactionists b. conflict theorists c. functionalists d. George Herbert Mead Answer: c. functionalists Learning Objective: LO 1.4 Explain the basic ideas of symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory. Topic/Concept: Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.4.20 Robert Merton used the term _____ for the harmful consequences of people’s actions. a. function

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—8) b. dysfunction c. latent function d. balancing function Answer: b. dysfunction Learning Objective: LO 1.4 Explain the basic ideas of symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory. Topic/Concept: Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.4.21 Who was the founder of conflict theory? a. Robert Merton b. George Herbert Mead c. Max Weber d. Karl Marx Answer: d. Karl Marx Learning Objective: LO 1.4 Explain the basic ideas of symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory. Topic/Concept: Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.6.22 In the research model, specifying what it is that you want to learn about a topic is the stage of a. defining the problem. b. reviewing the literature. c. sharing the results. d. unobtrusive measures. Answer: a. defining the problem Learning Objective: LO 1.6 Know the eight steps of the research model. Topic/Concept: A Research Model Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—9) TB_Q.1.6.23 A ________ predicts a relationship between or among variables. a. research design b. literature review c. hypothesis d. topic Answer: c. hypothesis Learning Objective: LO 1.6 Know the eight steps of the research model. Topic/Concept: A Research Model Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.6.24 Sharon had spent months carrying out her sociological experiments. She had collected a ton of data. What was Sharon’s next step? a. Analyze the results b. Generate more hypotheses c. Select another topic d. Share the results Answer: a. Analyze the results Learning Objective: LO 1.6 Know the eight steps of the research model. Topic/Concept: A Research Model Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know TB_Q.1.6.25 The eighth and final step of the research model is to a. begin the case study. b. formulate a hypothesis. c. define the problem. d. share the results. Answer: d. share the results Learning Objective: LO 1.6 Know the eight steps of the research model. Topic/Concept: A Research Model

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—10) Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q.1.6.26 What you expect to find according to predictions from a theory is known as a(n) a. variable. b. research design. c. hypothesis. d. analysis of documents. Answer: c. hypothesis Learning Objective: LO 1.6 Know the eight steps of the research model. Topic/Concept: A Research Model Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.6.27 A(n) ________ is a factor thought to be significant for human behavior, which can vary (change) from one case to another. a. operational definition b. variable c. hypothesis d. research method Answer: b. variable Learning Objective: LO 1.6 Know the eight steps of the research model. Topic/Concept: A Research Model Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.6.28 ________ is a precise way to measure a variable. a. Reliability b. Validity c. The hypothesis d. An operational definition Answer: d. An operational definition

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—11) Learning Objective: LO 1.6 Know the eight steps of the research model. Topic/Concept: A Research Model Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.6.29 ________ is the extent to which an operational definition measures what it is intended to measure. a. A variable b. Validity c. Hypothesis d. Reliability Answer: b. Validity Learning Objective: LO 1.6 Know the eight steps of the research model. Topic/Concept: A Research Model Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.6.30 Reliability refers to a. the extent to which research produces consistent or dependable results. b. secondary analysis. c. how close the data we gathered comes to proving what we want to prove. d. the way in which a researcher measures a variable. Answer: a. the extent to which research produces consistent or dependable results Learning Objective: LO 1.6 Know the eight steps of the research model. Topic/Concept: A Research Model Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q.1.7.31 A(n) ________ is the collection of data by having people answer a series of questions. a. sample

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—12) b. population c. survey d. experiment Answer: c. survey Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.7.32 The ________ is made up of the individuals intended to represent the population to be studied. a. sample b. control group c. respondent d. average Answer: a. sample Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q.1.7.33 In a ________, everyone in the target population has the same chance of being included in the study. a. stratified random sample b. random sample c. sample of any sort d. survey Answer: b. random sample

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—13) Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.7.34 The ________ is drawn from selected subgroups of a target population. a. questionnaire b. neutral question c. stratified random sample d. random sample Answer: c. stratified random sample Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.7.35 If the questions that you ask the people taking part in your study are not ________, you will end up with biased answers. a. easy b. designed to elicit the answers you want c. neutral d. complicated enough Answer: c. neutral Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Difficult

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—14) Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q.1.7.36 Li, a sociology undergraduate, was required to participate in a research study being conducted by a graduate student in his department. He didn’t know the topic until he got there, and the things the interviewer asked him were embarrassing. Li chose answers that weren’t quite true—in fact, they weren’t true at all—in order to save face himself and also to please the interviewer. This is example of a. interviewer bias. b. rapport. c. self-administered questionnaires. d. dependent variables. Answer: a. interviewer bias. Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know TB_Q.1.7.37 ______ is a feeling of trust between researchers and the people they are studying. a. Rapport b. Interviewer bias c. Participant observation d. An unobtrusive measure Answer: a. Rapport Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.7.38

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—15) Questions followed by a list of possible answers that the respondent can select are called a. biased questions. b. closed-ended questions. c. stratified questions. d. open-ended questions. Answer: b. closed-ended questions Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q.1.7.39 Open-ended questions are questions that respondents a. pick from a list. b. turn into closed-ended questions. c. generally don’t answer. d. answer in their own words. Answer: d. answer in their own words Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q.1.7.40 In secondary analysis, researchers analyze data collected by a. robots. b. their own interviews. c. others.

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—16) d. the subjects themselves. Answer: c. others Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q.1.7.41 Police reports, photographs, and videos are examples of ________ used by researchers. a. participant observation b. documents c. generalizability d. dependent variables Answer: b. documents Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q.1.7.42 The subjects in an experiment who are exposed to the independent variable make up the a. experimental group. b. population. c. sources of potential bias. d. control group. Answer: a. experimental group. Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis,

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—17) analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q.1.7.43 In a control group, subjects are a. exposed to all variables in the study. b. not exposed to the dependent variable. c. an example of participant observation. d. not exposed to the independent variable. Answer: d. not exposed to the independent variable. Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q.1.7.44 The independent variable causes a change in the a. control group. b. dependent variable. c. other independent variables in the study. d. generalizability of the experiment. Answer: b. dependent variable. Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q.1.7.45 ________ are used to study people who are unaware that they are being studied.

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—18) a. Questionnaires b. Interviews c. Open-ended questions d. Unobtrusive measures Answer: d. Unobtrusive measures Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q.1.7.46 The best method of sociological research to use a. is surveys. b. depends on the type of question. c. is experiments. d. is document analysis. Answer: b. depends on the type of question. Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q.1.8.47 In sociological research, gender a. plays no role. b. excludes female subjects from most contemporary social research. c. is influential. d. always leads to interviewer bias. Answer: c. is influential

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—19) Learning Objective: LO 1.8 Explain how gender is significant in sociological research. Topic/Concept: Gender in Sociological Research Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q.1.9.48 Professional handling of confidential sociological field notes entails a. publishing them only in professional journals. b. burning the notes once the researcher has had time to draw conclusions from them. c. publishing them online, so that anyone can read them. d. protecting respondents. Answer: d. protecting respondents Learning Objective: LO 1.9 Explain why it’s vital for sociologists to protect the people they study; discuss the two cases that are presented. Topic/Concept: Ethics in Sociological Research Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q1.10.49 _____ is the breaking down of national boundaries because of advances in communications, trade, and travel. a. Conflict theory b. Globalization c. Verstehen d. Focusing on the macro level Answer: b. Globalization Learning Objective: LO 1.10 Explain how research versus reform and globalization are likely to influence sociology. Topic/Concept: Trends Shaping the Future of Sociology Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—20) TB_Q1.10.50 Capitalism becoming the world’s dominant economic system is known as a. the globalization of capitalism. b. symbolic interactionism. c. increasing isolationism. d. the advance of democracy. Answer: a. the globalization of capitalism. Learning Objective: LO 1.10 Explain how research versus reform and globalization are likely to influence sociology. Topic/Concept: Trends Shaping the Future of Sociology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Essay Questions TB_Q1.3.51: Very broadly, where did Weber believe that capitalism was more likely to flourish? Feedback: Max Weber believed that religion was the main force in social change. He thought that Roman Catholicism encouraged followers to hold on to traditional ways. He also believed the Protestant belief system encouraged change. Weber compared the extent of capitalism in Roman Catholic and Protestant countries, and found capitalism more advanced in the latter. Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Trace the origins of society, from tradition to Max Weber. Topic/Concept: Origins of Sociology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q1.4.52 : Discuss feminists and conflict theory. Feedback: Marx used conflict theory to examine conflict between capitalists and workers. Many feminists look at conflict between men and women in the same way: historical inequalities, contemporary inequalities, global inequalities. Not all feminists employ conflict theory. Learning Objective: LO 1.4 Explain the basic ideas of symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory.

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—21) Topic/Concept: Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q1.6.53 What are the eight steps of the research model? Feedback: The eight steps of the research model (in chronological order) are: 1. Select a topic 2. Define the problem 3. Review the literature 4. Formulate a hypothesis 5. Choose a research method 6. Collect the data 7. Analyze the results 8. Share the results Learning Objective: LO 1.6 Know the eight steps of the research model. Topic/Concept: A Research Model Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q1.7.54 What are the three ways sociologists measure average, and how do they differ? Feedback: The three ways sociologists measure average are the mean, median, and mode. The mean is calculated by adding up a group of numbers and then dividing by the number of cases that you added. The median is the middle case in an ordered range of cases. The mode is the number of cases that occur most often. Learning Objective: LO 1.7 Know the main elements of the seven research methods: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, analysis of documents, experiments, and unobtrusive measures; state why sociological research can lead to controversy. Topic/Concept: Research Methods (Designs) Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (1—22) TB_Q1.10.55 : Describe the three historical phases of sociology. Feedback: A tension between social reform and social analysis runs through sociology’s history. First phase: main purpose— to improve society; time— origins until the 1920s. Second phase: main purpose—to develop abstract knowledge; time—from the 1920s until the 1960s. Third phase: main purpose—to seek ways to apply sociological research findings; time—from the 1960s to the present. Learning Objective: LO 1.10 Explain how research versus reform and globalization are likely to influence sociology. Topic/Concept: Trends Shaping the Future of Sociology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (2—1) Henslin, Essentials of Sociology , 12th Edition, Test Bank Chapter 2: Culture Multiple-Choice Questions TB_Q2.1.1 The language, beliefs, values, norms, and behaviors passed from one generation to the next make up a group’s a. identity. b. ethnocentrism. c. culture. d. material culture. Answer: c. culture. Learning Objective: LO 2.1 Explain what culture is, how culture provides orientations to life, and what practicing cultural relativism means. Topic/Concept: What Is Culture? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q2.1.2 _____ would be part of material culture. a. Hairstyles b. Language c. Beliefs d. Values Answer: a. Hairstyles Learning Objective: LO 2.1 Explain what culture is, how culture provides orientations to life, and what practicing cultural relativism means. Topic/Concept: What Is Culture? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q2.1.3 Nonmaterial culture refers to a group’s a. art. b. weapons. c. ways of thinking and doing. d. eating utensils.

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (2—2) Answer: c. ways of thinking and doing. Learning Objective: LO 2.1 Explain what culture is, how culture provides orientations to life, and what practicing cultural relativism means. Topic/Concept: What Is Culture? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q2.1.4 One thing that can be said about material culture is that a. it is “natural.” b. it includes gestures. c. it includes a people’s language. d. there is nothing “natural” about it. Answer: d. there is nothing “natural” about it. Learning Objective: LO 2.1 Explain what culture is, how culture provides orientations to life, and what practicing cultural relativism means. Topic/Concept: What Is Culture? Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q2.1.5 Who is ethnocentric? a. Everyone b. Westerners c. Easterners d. Older people Answer: a. Everyone Learning Objective: LO 2.1 Explain what culture is, how culture provides orientations to life, and what practicing cultural relativism means. Topic/Concept: What Is Culture? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q2.1.6 To try to understand a culture on its own terms is called a. ethnocentrism. b. cultural relativism. c. folklore. d. cultural education.

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (2—3) Answer: b. cultural relativism. Learning Objective: LO 2.1 Explain what culture is, how culture provides orientations to life, and what practicing cultural relativism means. Topic/Concept: What Is Culture? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q2.1.7 Which of the following statements about cultural relativism is true? a. It has not been criticized by social scientists. b. Cultural relativism has come under attack because it can lead to acceptance of practices like genital cutting and wife beating. c. Sociologists accept all cultures, without judgment. d. Cultural relativism encourages cultural smugness. Answer: b. Cultural relativism has come under attack because it can lead to acceptance of practices like genital cutting and wife beating. Learning Objective: LO 2.1 Explain what culture is, how culture provides orientations to life, and what practicing cultural relativism means. Topic/Concept: What Is Culture? Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q2.1.8 After a fairly short plane ride from New York City, Irving found himself on a dusty road with goats, chickens, and motor scooters, rather than cars. Food, clothing, and carpets were being sold by street vendors, some of whom worked from a cloth spread on the ground, in no order that he could recognize. Irving was experiencing a. ethnocentrism. b. culture shock. c. a step back into history. d. contact with people who shared none of his values. Answer: b. culture shock. Learning Objective: LO 2.1 Explain what culture is, how culture provides orientations to life, and what practicing cultural relativism means. Topic/Concept: What Is Culture? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (2—4) TB_Q2.2.9 Another term for nonmaterial culture that sociologists use is a. material culture. b. symbolic culture. c. gestural culture. d. culture shock. Answer: b. symbolic culture. Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q2.2.10 An advantage of knowing a culture’s gestures is a. they are closely tied to the language. b. that although most gestures are recognized as universal, there are occasional differences between cultures. c. being able to communicate with simplicity. d. that they will enable you to completely understand the culture. Answer: c. being able to communicate with simplicity. Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q2.2.11 The main way people communicate is through a. gestures. b. intermarriage. c. language. d. artwork. Answer: c. language. Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (2—5) Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q2.2.12 The basis of culture is a. customs. b. heredity. c. language. d. sociology. Answer: c. language. Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q2.2.13 The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis states that a. languages are universal. b. some languages, such as English, are superior to others. c. perception and language are unrelated. d. language has ways of looking at the world embedded within it. Answer: d. language has ways of looking at the world embedded within it. Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It TB_Q2.2.14 People’s _____ are their ideas of what is desirable in life. a. values b. mores c. taboos d. folkways Answer: a: values

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (2—6) Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q2.2.15 A term for rules of behavior is a. culture. b. norms. c. moral holidays. d. sanctions. Answer: b. norms. Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q2.2.16 When people break norms, they receive a. positive sanctions. b. a day in court. c. negative sanctions. d. hugs and kisses. Answer: c. negative sanctions. Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know TB_Q2.2.17 Paul loved to party at Mardi Gras, even if he was not involved in making a float or anything else. The atmosphere on the street was just so different, so easy. He had a great time. At such a(n) _____, the rules were loosened. a. culture-free event

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (2—7) b. police-free event c. free-for-all d. moral holiday Answer: d. moral holiday Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know TB_Q2.2.18 When someone is walking on the right side of the sidewalk, and you are walking faster and overtake them to their left, this is _____ in the United States. a. a taboo b. a more c. illegal d. a folkway Answer: d. a folkway Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know TB_Q2.2.19 If you kill another person, you have violated a society’s a. mores. b. incidental values. c. folkways. d. ethnocentrism. Answer: a. mores. Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know

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    (Henslin 12e Test Bank) (2—8) TB_Q2.2.20 Even just the thought of the violation of a _____ fills us with revulsion. a. taboo b. more c. parking regulation d. folkway Answer: a. taboo Learning Objective: LO 2.2 Know the components of symbolic culture: gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions, folkways, mores, and taboos; also explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Topic/Concept: Components of Symbolic Culture Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q2.3.21 A world within the larger world of the dominant culture is a a. superculture. b. subculture. c. counterculture. d. microculture. Answer: b. subculture. Learning Objective: LO 2.3 Distinguish between subcultures and countercultures. Topic/Concept: Many Cultural Worlds Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts TB_Q2.3.22 How many subcultures does U.S. society contain? a. Five b. Almost 90 c. Hundreds d. Thousands Answer: d. Thousands Learning Objective: LO 2.3 Distinguish between subcultures and countercultures. Topic/Concept: Many Cultural Worlds Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts TB_Q2.3.23

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