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Test Bank for Social Problems: A Down-to-Earth Approach, 13th Edition

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    Test Bank For Social Problems: A Down-to-Earth Approach 13th Edition James M. Henslin, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville

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    iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 How Sociologists View Social Problems: The Abortion Dilemma 1 Chapter 2 Interpreting Social Problems: Aging 15 Chapter 3 Social Problems Related to Sexual Behavior 30 Chapter 4 Alcohol and Other Drugs 44 Chapter 5 Violence in Society: Rape and Murder 57 Chapter 6 Crime and Criminal Justice 70 Chapter 7 Economic Problems: Poverty and Wealth 84 Chapter 8 Racial–Ethnic Relations 98 Chapter 9 Inequalities of Gender and Sexual Orientation 113 Chapter 10 Medical Care: Physical and Mental Illness 126 Chapter 11 The Changing Family 139 Chapter 12 Urbanization and Population 152 Chapter 13 The Environmental Crisis 165 Chapter 14 War, Terrorism, and the Balance of Power 178

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    1 Chapter 1 How Sociologists View Social Problems: The Abortion Dilemma MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Who developed the concept of the sociological imagination? A) Emile Durkheim B) Max Weber C) Karl Marx D) C. Wright Mills Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.1 Understand the sociological imagination (sociological perspective) and explain the difference between personal and social problems. Topic/A-head: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 2. The sociological imagination is also called __________. A) reinforcement theory B) scientific sociology C) historical and biographical analysis D) the sociological perspective Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.1 Understand the sociological imagination (sociological perspective) and explain the difference between personal and social problems. Topic/A-head: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 3. When researchers focus on historical and current events such as war and peace, economic booms and busts, and depression and prosperity, they are examining a(n) __________. A) broad social context B) narrow social context C) intimate social context D) close social context Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Understand the sociological imagination (sociological perspective) and explain the difference between personal and social problems. Topic/A-head: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 4. Professor Fuentes encourages her students to consider how laws, education, religion, and the media influence how people think, feel, and act. As such, she wants her students to use __________. A) the sociological imagination B) reinforcement theory

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    2 C) common sense D) historical and biographical analysis Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Understand the sociological imagination (sociological perspective) and explain the difference between personal and social problems. Topic/A-head: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 5. When Michael considers how his race, age, marital status, and income compare to that of other Americans, he is considering his __________. A) personal troubles B) common sense C) social problems D) social location Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.2 Explain the significance of social location and explain why sociologists can use social location to predict group behavior but not individual behavior. Topic/A-head: Social Location Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 6. What is the ability to get one’s way despite resistance called? A) Values B) Social problem C) Power D) Subjective concern Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain the significance of social location and explain why sociologists can use social location to predict group behavior but not individual behavior. Topic/A-head: What Is a Social Problem? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 7. A shared belief about whether something is good or bad is a __________. A) value B) document C) social problem D) personal trouble Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain the significance of social location and explain why sociologists can use social location to predict group behavior but not individual behavior. Topic/A-head: What Is a Social Problem? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts

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    3 8. What are the aspects of society that can be measured or experienced? A) Objective conditions B) Social problems C) Personal problems D) Subjective concerns Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain the significance of social location and explain why sociologists can use social location to predict group behavior but not individual behavior. Topic/A-head: What Is a Social Problem? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 9. Which of the following Supreme Court rulings legalized abortion in the United States? A) Webster v. Reproductive Services B) Roe v. Wade C) Casey v. Planned Parenthood D) Brown v. the Board of Education Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain the significance of social location and explain why sociologists can use social location to predict group behavior but not individual behavior. Topic/A-head: What Is a Social Problem? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 10. The teenagers who participate in a weekly bible study class believe that abortion is bad. Their shared belief is an example of a(n) __________. A) value B) social problem C) personal trouble D) experiment Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain the significance of social location and explain why sociologists can use social location to predict group behavior but not individual behavior. Topic/A-head: What Is a Social Problem? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 11. A significant number of people worry about the conditions of public schools in urban areas. Such unease illustrates the __________ associated with a social problem. A) subjective concerns B) objective conditions C) moral decay D) value neutrality Answer: A

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    4 Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain the significance of social location and explain why sociologists can use social location to predict group behavior but not individual behavior. Topic/A-head: What Is a Social Problem? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 12. Whether or not marijuana is legal, who obtains it and under what circumstances it is obtained are examples of the __________ associated with a social problem. A) objective conditions B) subjective concerns C) social solutions D) moral dilemmas Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain the significance of social location and explain why sociologists can use social location to predict group behavior but not individual behavior. Topic/A-head: What Is a Social Problem? Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 13. When Rhonda arrived at the abortion clinic, she was surprised to find dozens of protestors blocking her way. Rhonda pushed her way through the crowd and was able to see a physician at the clinic. Rhonda was able to get what she wanted, despite resistance. This is an example of Rhonda’s __________. A) values B) power C) sociological imagination D) subjective concern Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain the significance of social location and explain why sociologists can use social location to predict group behavior but not individual behavior. Topic/A-head: What Is a Social Problem? Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 14. How many stages are there in the natural history of social problems? A) Two B) Three C) Four D) Five Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 15. Crafting an official response occurs during which stage in the natural history of social problems? A) First

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    5 B) Second C) Third D) Fourth Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 16. The emergence of leaders occurs during which stage in the natural history of social problems? A) First B) Second C) Third D) Fourth Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 17. Antiabortionists who forward e-mails to their friends, run newspaper ads, and post blogs are known as __________. A) radicals B) feminists C) conservatives D) moderates Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 18. Connie believes that a fetus is a human being. Connie is __________. A) a proabortionist B) an antiabortionist C) value free D) generalized Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 19. A key effort of the proabortionists is to __________. A) eliminate the antiabortionists

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    6 B) show that the fetus is a human being C) protect Roe v. Wade D) mandate abortions Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 20. In Webster v. Reproductive Services , the Supreme Court ruled that __________. A) individual states have no obligation to finance abortion B) a woman under the age of 18 must have parental consent for an abortion C) picketers and other demonstrators must remain 300 feet away from the entrances to abortion clinics D) women should have the right to vote Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 21. If passed, the Freedom of Choice Law would __________. A) mean that individual states have no obligation to finance abortion B) remove all state and federal restrictions on abortion C) mandate that all picketers and other demonstrators remain 300 feet away from the entrances to abortion clinics D) require all clinics to stay open at least 6 days per week Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 22. The development of alternative strategies occurs during which stage in the natural history of social problems? A) First B) Second C) Third D) Fourth Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 23. Rosita works as a counselor at a crisis pregnancy center. Her job is to __________. A) urge pregnant women to have abortions

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    7 B) provide pregnant women with abortion services C) encourage pregnant women to give birth D) be a political activist for her cause Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 24. In an effort to express their opposition to abortion, members of a group burned and bombed abortion clinics around their state. These members are __________. A) moderates B) radicals C) alternatives D) crazy Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 25. Monica believes that a fetus has the potential to become a human being. Monica is __________. A) a proabortionist B) an antiabortionist C) value free D) generalized Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 26. In the United States, who/what hold(s) the power to decide whether abortion is legal? A) Women B) The Supreme Court C) The president D) Physicians Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 27. When Hawaii decided to support the repeal of the abortion law, this reflected which stage of the natural development of social problems?

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    8 A) First B) Second C) Third D) Fourth Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 28. When Joan Hayes argued that the abortion issue was about the right of pregnant women to choose whether or not to have a baby, this represented which stage of the natural development of social problems? A) First B) Second C) Third D) Fourth Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 29. When proabortion groups started to promote the development of abortion clinics around the country, this reflected which stage of the natural development of social problems? A) First B) Second C) Third D) Fourth Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 30. The systematic and objective study of human society is known as __________. A) sociology B) sociological imagination C) research methods D) case study Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.5 Describe the contributions that sociologists can make in studying social problems. Topic/A-head: The Role of Sociology in Social Problems Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts

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    9 31. A team of sociologists at Florida State University is gathering information on the number of homeless people in the southern region of the United States. These researchers are __________. A) measuring objective conditions B) measuring subjective concerns C) using common sense D) engaging in case studies Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.5 Describe the contributions that sociologists can make in studying social problems. Topic/A-head: The Role of Sociology in Social Problems Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 32. A team of sociologists at Iowa State University is gathering information on student attitudes toward homelessness. These researchers are __________. A) measuring objective conditions B) measuring subjective concerns C) using common sense D) engaging in case studies Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.5 Describe the contributions that sociologists can make in studying social problems. Topic/A-head: The Role of Sociology in Social Problems Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 33. Ibrahim, like many people in our society, believes that as people age, they become less interested in sexual activity. This idea that is held by a large percentage of the population is an example of __________. A) a value B) power C) personal troubles D) common sense Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.6 Explain why common sense is not adequate to understand social problems. Topic/A-head: Sociology and Common Sense Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 34. In an experiment, who are those people not exposed to a particular experience? A) Control group B) Experimental group C) Field study D) Random sample Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems.

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    10 Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 35. The ways of doing research are known as __________. A) documents B) methods C) values D) personal troubles Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems. Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 36. What method requires researchers to go into a setting that they want to learn more about? A) Experiments B) Surveys C) Field studies D) Case studies Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems. Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 37. Jamaal is interested in learning more about the victims of violent crime. To gather information, Jamaal asks people questions about their experiences with violent crime. Jamaal is using __________. A) interviews B) experiments C) documents D) observation Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems. Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 38. Thomasina is conducting a study on date rape. She asks women who have been raped to answer written questions. Which method is Thomasina using to gather information? A) Structured interviews B) Unstructured interviews C) Paper/pencil questionnaires

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    11 D) Observation Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems. Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 39. Phoebe is conducting a study on youth violence that occurs in suburban playgrounds. She watches and listens to what is taking place and records the actions and statements that the youth make. This is an example of __________. A) observation B) interviews C) questionnaires D) documents Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems. Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 40. Lou is a researcher who wants to understand the physical abuse of prisoners at a local jail. Lou gets a job at the jail as a security guard. He secretly records his observations without revealing that he is a researcher. His observations are __________. A) overt B) covert C) structured D) unstructured Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems. Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 41. Mayda wants to learn more about battered women who live in shelters with their children. After Mayda obtained permission to conduct her research at the local shelter, she began to make observations. This is an example of a(n) __________. A) experiment B) survey C) field study D) case studies Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems.

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    12 Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 42. Ricardo wants to generalize his findings on wife battering to a larger population. Ricardo should use __________. A) surveys B) experiments C) case studies D) field studies Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems. Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 43. Yoshimi wants to know how watching a video on racial relations impacts attitudes toward Asian Americans. She takes a group of students who have expressed prejudice toward Asian Americans and divides them into two groups. She shows Group A the video on racial relations, while Group B does not view the video. Afterward, she measures each group’s level of prejudice toward Asian Americans. The group that viewed the video on racial relations is called the __________. A) sample B) population C) experimental group D) control group Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems. Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 44. Yoshimi wants to know how watching a video on racial relations impacts attitudes toward Asian Americans. She takes a group of students who have expressed prejudice toward Asian Americans and divides them into two groups. She shows Group A the video on racial relations, while Group B does not view the video. Afterward, she measures each group’s levels of prejudice toward Asian Americans. The group that did not view the video on racial relations is called the __________. A) sample B) population C) experimental group D) control group Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems. Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems

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    13 Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 45. Vanessa wants to know about the safe-sex practices of the 4,000 students enrolled at her small, liberal arts college. She obtains a complete list of the names and contact information of the 4,000 students from the campus Registration Office and selects 500 people from the list to participate in her study. Because every student at the college has an equal chance of being selected for this study, Vanessa has a(n) __________. A) experimental group B) random sample C) population D) field study Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.7 Understand the four basic research designs and research methods that sociologists use to study social problems. Topic/A-head: Methods for Studying Social Problems Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It ESSAY 46. Outline the four stages in the natural history of a social problem. Apply these stages to one social problem in particular and provide examples. Ideal Answer: The ideal answer should include the following: • Outline four stages: defining problem, official response, reactions, and alternative strategies. • Choose one social problem to analyze and apply stages to. • Provide examples as support. Learning Objective: 1.4 Identify the four stages through which social problems evolve. Topic/A-head: The Natural History of Social Problems: Four Stages Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 47. Discuss the five ways in which sociology can contribute to an understanding of a social problem. Which do you see as the most important aspect of the five ways that can help to understand the varying sides of the abortion issue? Ideal Answer: The ideal answer should include the following: • Discuss the five contributions of sociology: measure objective conditions, measure subjective concerns, apply the sociological imagination, intervene, and evaluate consequences. • Explain abortion as a social problem. • Evaluate which is the most important of the five with regard to the issue of abortion. Learning Objective: 1.5 Describe the contributions that sociologists can make in studying social problems. Topic/A-head: The Role of Sociology in Social Problems Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 48. Compare and contrast common sense and sociological approaches to understanding social problems. What is wrong with common sense when it comes to setting social policy?

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