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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Document preview page 1

5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 1

Document preview content for 5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020)

5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020)

5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) covers key exam topics to help you succeed on test day.

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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 1 preview imageELITEtorionEDITIONpr4peVy,|WN- INcuoesrip—EEfii.i—rp—(4.|e_—-Ey:ziE—=—*®AP’Physics1:[JAlgebra-BasedGregJacobsracticeexams|STOSection:3Lliebook,1online)YSheenorkeyAPtopics!4%CROSS-PLATFORMPREPCOURSE500K|ONLINE|gammy
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 2 preview imageDownloadedfromStudyXY.com[=Ww+StudyXYoias.Za\Rr'BE\StudyAnythingThisContentHasbeenPostedOnStudyXY.comassupplementarylearningmaterial.StudyXYdoesnotendroseanyuniversity,collegeorpublisher.Allmaterialspostedareundertheliabilityofthecontributors.|8)www.studyxy.com
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 3 preview imageELITESTUDENTEDITIONSin5STEPSTOAFoi|—_SEfo2——===Ba=naee%a—caf’\{2021AP’PhysiP"Physics1:Algebra-BasedGregJacobsracticeexamsgection:=3giinthebook,1online)®perikeyAPtopics!bidCROSS-PLATFORMPREPCOURSEBOOK|ONLINE|MOBILE
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 4 preview imageFE——EY&5STEPSTO5APTESTCHANGES/2020ANDBEYONDBecauseofschooldistrictclosuresacrosstheU.S.inresponsetotheglobalCOVID-19pandemic,the2019/20APschoolyearcametoanunexpectedhaltinMarch2020.Atthatpoint,educatorsandstudentsacrossthecountryhadtoscrambletofinishuptheyearandprepareforAPexams.HereatMcGrawHill,the5Stepstoa5teamhasreceivednumerousquestionsandconcernsaboutwhatthismeansforAPcoursesandexamsmovingforward.So,whetheryourpersonaltest-takingplansinSpring2020weredirectlyimpactedoryouwillbesittingforyourfirstAPtestin2021,youarelikelyexperiencinganxietyanduncertaintyaboutthefuture.Herearesomeofthemostfrequentlyaskedquestionsregarding2020/2021APExams:WhathappenedtotheAdvancedPlacementexamsinMay2020?Therewerebigchanges.Whenthepandemichit,theCollegeBoard(whocreatesandadministersAPexamsnationwide)wasforcedtopivotandadministerat-hometests.So,thetraditionalAPexamsdidnottakeplace,andnewversionswereofferedonline.Priortotestingdates,CollegeBoardprovidedadetailedbreakdownofthecontentthatwouldbecoveredoneachrevisedexam,allowingforwhatstudentswereunlikelytohavecoveredinclassduetoschoolclosures.Howweretest-takersimpacted?Whatwasthetest-takingexperiencelike?Forthefirsttimeever,APexamsweregivenonline.Studentstookmodified45-minute,web-based,free-responseexams,andtheywereallowedtousetheirbooksandnotesduringthetests.Eachtestwasadministeredinopenbook/opennoteformat,andtherewerenomultiple-choicequestionsatall.Studentswereabletotaketheexamonanydevice(acomputer,tabletorasmartphone).Alternatively,studentswereallowedtosubmitaphotooftheirhandwrittenwork.FortheAPPhysics1exam,thefollowingchangestookplace:®Theexamconsistedoftwoquestions:+Onequalitative-quantitativetranslation,tobefinishedin25minutes+Oneparagraph-responsequestion,tobefinishedin15minutes®Waves,electricity,andcircuitswerenotincludedontheexam.®Theexamwasrewrittensuchthatallquestionscouldbetyped-studentswerenotaskedtodrawdiagramsorperformalgebraicderivations
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 5 preview image_—EYE5STEPSTO5Isthis5Stepsguiderelevantandup-to-date?Yes!Everythinginthisbookisreflectiveofthecurrentcourseandexamasitwasoriginallydesigned.The5Stepsteamstrivestokeepallinformationrelevantandasup-to-dateaspossible,bothinprintandonline.WhatwillhappeninMay2021?Yourguessisasgoodasours.We'rehopefulthatnextyear'stestformatwillreturntothecompleteformascreatedbytheCollegeBoard,butatthetimeofthisguide'spublication,thingsremainfairlyuncertain.However,whethertheAPexamsreturntotheoriginalformat,followthe2020onlinemodel,orsomethingentirelynew-wehaveyoucovered!We'llbeupdatingourmaterialswheneveranynewinformationbecomesavailable,andwillmakeeveryefforttoreviseourdigitalresourcesasquicklyaspossible.So,whateverthisAPschoolyearmaybring,pleasecontinuetocheckintoyour5StepsCross-Platformcourseatwww.mheducation.com/Sstepsphysics.Wewillmakeeveryefforttokeepthepracticetestsontheplatformreflectiveofwhatyou'llseeontestday.CR5iqIYCROSS-PLATFORMAllinprint«onlibileEditionMostimportantly,lookforregularupdatesontheCollegeBoardwebsiteforthelatestinformationonyourcourseatapcentral.collegeboard.org.Thiswillbeyourresourceforthemostup-to-dateinformationonAPcourses.
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 6 preview image=PREPCOURSEYOURPERSONALIZEDSTUDYPROGRAMToAccessYourOnlineCourse:©Createanaccountatwww.mheducation.com/SstepsphysicsGROSEpLTroomT—[epeeY|-|_|2)|REDEEMYOURffTH.HCN,|AccessCODE|reimhappdsd863Sesesssssssssvsrvensessestseesmhappdsd8s33}Enteryoure-mailaddressandcreateapassword.[4]You'reallsettostartstudying!:|S—woHs:1F=2CETIOTCTCTUTOOTOTODIOOTINieBifon==z~—
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 7 preview image»PREPCOURSEonsYOURPERSONALIZEDSTUDYPROGRAM=CustomizableStudyPlanotracksyourdailygoals+o®GamesCenter*Jforpracticeinsparemoments©osLEH1C]©miwrissomtcmsconisoi-re-comr-iedpsrsPeerSupport-andstudytipsviasocialmediaoStudyPlancurseInteractiveLessons©coverentirebook104]14/40wo17%PracticeTests©[JottdesignedtosimulatetherealthingA=]PracticeQuestionsoQTRESELosectobuildtestreadiness©PrOunaiveConpuivonsStudyTools©otofocusstudywherep——mostneeded(}°@PrienomeerTeeDigitalFlashcards©(5)Flashcards:Category85tomemorizekeyconceptsCsAdvancedAnalyticso3affromtheIntelligentReportDashboardStudyXY
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 8 preview image™ELITE&mo\2APPhysics1:ysics1:Algebra-BasedGregJacobsNewYorkChicagoSanFranciscoAthensLondonMadridMexicoCityMilanNewDelhiSingaporeSydneyToronto
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 9 preview imageCopyright©2021byMcGrawHill.Allrightsreserved.ExceptaspermittedundertheUnitedStatesCopyrightActof1976,nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedordistributedinanyformorbyanymeans,orstoredinadatabaseorretrievalsystem,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.ISBN:978-1-26-046685-0MHID: 1-26-046685-XThematerialinthiseBookalsoappearsintheprintversionofthistitle:ISBN:978-1-26-046684-3,MHID:1-26-046684-1.eBookconversionbycodeMantraVersion1.0Alltrademarksaretrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.Ratherthanputatrademarksymbolaftereveryoccurrenceofatrademarkedname,weusenamesinaneditorialfashiononly,andtothebenefitofthetrademarkowner,withnointentionofinfringementofthetrademark.Wheresuchdesignationsappearinthisbook,theyhavebeenprintedwithinitialcaps.McGraw-HillEducationeBooksareavailableatspecialquantitydiscountstouseaspremiumsandsalespromotionsorforuseincorporatetrainingprograms.Tocontactarepresentative,pleasevisittheContactUspageatwww.mhprofessional.com.McGrawHill,theMcGrawHilllogo,5Stepstoa5,andrelatedtradedressaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksofMcGrawHilland/oritsaffiliatesintheUnitedStatesandothercountriesandmaynotbeusedwithoutwrittenpermission.Allothertrademarksarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveowners.McGrawHillisnotassociatedwithanyproductorvendormentionedinthisbook.AP,AdvancedPlacementProgram,andCollegeBoardareregisteredtrademarksoftheCollegeBoard,whichwasnotinvolvedintheproductionof,anddoesnotendorse,thisproduct.
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 10 preview imageTERMSOFUSEThisisacopyrightedworkandMcGraw-HillEducationanditslicensorsreserveallrightsinandtothework.Useofthisworkissubjecttotheseterms.ExceptaspermittedundertheCopyrightActof1976andtherighttostoreandretrieveonecopyofthework,youmaynotdecompile,disassemble,reverseengineer,reproduce,modify,createderivativeworksbasedupon,transmit,distribute,disseminate,sell,publishorsublicensetheworkoranypartofitwithoutMcGraw-HillEducation’spriorconsent.Youmayusetheworkforyourownnoncommercialandpersonaluse;anyotheruseoftheworkisstrictlyprohibited.Yourrighttousetheworkmaybeterminatedifyoufailtocomplywiththeseterms.THEWORKISPROVIDED“ASIS.”McGRAW-HILLEDUCATIONANDITSLICENSORSMAKENOGUARANTEESORWARRANTIESASTOTHEACCURACY,ADEQUACYORCOMPLETENESSOFORRESULTSTOBEOBTAINEDFROMUSINGTHEWORK,INCLUDINGANYINFORMATIONTHATCANBEACCESSEDTHROUGHTHEWORKVIAHYPERLINKOROTHERWISE,ANDEXPRESSLYDISCLAIMANYWARRANTY,EXPRESSORIMPLIED,INCLUDINGBUTNOTLIMITEDTOIMPLIEDWARRANTIESOFMERCHANTABILITYORFITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSE.McGraw-HillEducationanditslicensorsdonotwarrantorguaranteethatthefunctionscontainedintheworkwillmeetyourrequirementsorthatitsoperationwillbeuninterruptedorerrorfree.NeitherMcGraw-HillEducationnoritslicensorsshallbeliabletoyouoranyoneelseforanyinaccuracy,errororomission,regardlessofcause,intheworkorforanydamagesresultingtherefrom.McGraw-HillEducationhasnoresponsibilityforthecontentofanyinformationaccessedthroughthework.UndernocircumstancesshallMcGraw-HillEducationand/oritslicensorsbeliableforanyindirect,incidental,special,punitive,consequentialorsimilardamagesthatresultfromtheuseoforinabilitytousethework,evenifanyofthemhasbeenadvisedofthepossibilityofsuchdamages.Thislimitationofliabilityshallapplytoanyclaimorcausewhatsoeverwhethersuchclaimorcausearisesincontract,tortorotherwise.Cross-PlatformPrepCourse
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 11 preview imageSingleUserLicenseTermsandConditionsAccesstothedigitalcontentincludedwiththisbookisgovernedbytheMcGrawHillLicenseAgreementoutlinedbelow.Byusingthisdigitalcontentyouagreetothetermsofthatlicense.DURATIONOFLICENSE.AccesstotheCross-PlatformPrepCoursewillexpireoneyearfromyourinitiallogin.YourpurchaseofthisMcGrawHillproduct,includingitsaccesscodethrougharetailstoreissubjecttotherefundpolicyofthatstore.TheContentisacopyrightedworkofMcGrawHillandMcGrawHillreservesallrightsinandtotheContent.TheWorkis©2021byMcGrawHill.RESTRICTIONSONTRANSFER.TheuserisreceivingonlyalimitedrighttousetheContentforuser’sowninternalandpersonaluse,dependentonpurchaseandcontinuedownershipofthisCross-Platformproduct.Theusermaynotreproduce,forward,modify,createderivativeworksbasedupon,transmit,distribute,disseminate,sell,publish,orsublicensetheContentorinanywaycommingletheContentwithotherthirdpartycontent,withoutMcGrawHill’sconsent.LIMITEDWARRANTY.TheMcGrawHillContentisprovidedonan“asis”basis.NeitherMcGrawHillnoritslicensorsmakeanykind,eitherexpressorimplied,including,butnotlimitedto,impliedwarrantiesofmerchantabilityorfitnessforaparticularpurposeoruseastoanyMcGrawHillContentortheinformationthereinoranywarrantiesastotheaccuracy,completeness,currentness,orresultstobeobtainedfrom,accessingorsuingtheMcGrawHillcontent,oranymaterialreferencedinsuchcontentoranyinformationenteredintolicensee’sproductbyusersorotherpersonsand/oranymaterialavailableonorthatcanbeaccessedthroughthelicensee’sproduct(includingviaanyhyperlinkorotherwise)orastonon-infringementofthirdpartyrights.Anywarrantiesofanykind,whetherexpressorimplied,aredisclaimed.AnymaterialordataobtainedthroughuseoftheMcGrawHillcontentisatyourowndiscretionandriskanduserunderstandsthatitwillbesolelyresponsibleforanyresultingdamagetoitscomputersystemorlossofdata.NeitherMcGrawHillnoritslicensorsshallbeliabletoanysubscriberortoanyuseroranyoneelseforanyinaccuracy,delay,interruptionin
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 12 preview imageservice,errororomission,regardlessofcause,orforanydamageresultingtherefrom.InnoeventwillMcGrawHilloritslicensorsbeliableforanyindirect,specialorconsequentialdamages,includingbutnotlimitedto,losttime,lostmoney,lostprofitsorgoodwill,whetherincontract,tort,strictliabilityorotherwise,andwhetherornotsuchdamagesareforeseenorunforeseenwithrespecttoanyuseoftheMcGrawHillcontent.
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 13 preview imagePrefaceAcknowledgmentsAbouttheAuthorsIntroduction:TheFive-StepProgramSTEP1GettoKnowtheExamandSetUpYourStudyProgram1FrequentlyAskedQuestionsAbouttheAPPhysics1ExamFAQs:TheAPPhysicsProgramFAQs:TheAPPhysics1Exam2UnderstandingtheExam:TheAPPhysics1RevolutionWhatHappenedtotheAPPhysicsTest?WhatIsAPPhysics1?ElevenThingsYouShouldKnowAbouttheCourseandExam3HowtoUseYourTimePersonalizingYourStudyPlanPlanA:YouHaveaFullSchoolYeartoPreparePlanB:YouHaveOneSemestertoPreparePlanC:YouHaveSixWeekstoPrepareSTEP2DetermineYourTestReadiness4FactstoKnowfortheAPPhysics1Exam1.ForcesandMotionII.ConservationLawsIII.(a)ElectricityIII.(b)Waves5TypesofQuestionsontheAPPhysics1Exam
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 14 preview imageQuestionTypesSolutionsfortheAPPhysics1QuestionTypesAssessmentSTEP3DevelopStrategiesforSuccess6StrategiestoGettheMostOutofYourAPPhysicsCourseSevenSimpleStrategiestoGettheMostOutofYourAPPhysicsCourse7StrategiestoApproachtheQuestionsontheExamToolsYouCanUseandStrategiesforUsingThemStrategiesforQuestionsThatInvolveaRankingTaskStrategiesforQuestionsThatInvolveGraphs8StrategiestoApproachtheQuestions:Free-ResponseSectionStructureoftheFree-ResponseSectionHowtoApproachtheLaboratoryQuestionTheQualitative-QuantitativeTranslation(QQT)WhatDotheExamReadersLookFor?FinalAdviceAbouttheFree-ResponseQuestions9StrategiestoApproachtheQuestions:Multiple-ChoiceSectionMultiple-ChoiceQuestionsMultiple-Correct:ANewQuestionTypePreparingfortheMultiple-ChoiceSectionoftheTestFinalStrategiesfortheMultiple-ChoiceSectionSTEP4ReviewtheKnowledgeYouNeedtoScoreHigh10HowThingsMoveIntroductiontoMotioninaStraightLineGraphicalAnalysisofMotionAlgebraicAnalysisofMotionPracticeProblemsSolutionstoPracticeProblemsRapidReview
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 15 preview image11ForcesandNewton’sLawsDescribingForces:Free-BodyDiagramsDeterminingtheNetForceNewton’sThirdLawForcesatAnglesPracticeProblemsSolutionstoPracticeProblemsRapidReview12Collisions:ImpulseandMomentumTheImpulse-MomentumTheoremConservationofMomentumMotionoftheCenterofMassPracticeProblemsSolutionstoPracticeProblemsRapidReview13WorkandEnergyEnergyWorkTheWork-EnergyTheoremPowerPracticeProblemsSolutionstoPracticeProblemsRapidReview14RotationCircularMotionTorqueRotationalKinematicsRotationalInertiaNewton’sSecondLawforRotationAngularMomentumRotationalKineticEnergyPracticeProblemsSolutionstoPracticeProblems
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 16 preview imageRapidReview15GravitationDeterminingtheGravitationalFieldDeterminingGravitationalForceForceofTwoPlanetsonOneAnother—OrderofMagnitudeEstimatesGravitationalPotentialEnergyGravitationalandInertialMassFundamentalForces:GravityVersusElectricityPracticeProblemsSolutionstoPracticeProblemsRapidReview16Electricity:Coulomb’sLawandCircuitsElectricChargeCircuitsPracticeProblemsSolutionstoPracticeProblemsRapidReview17WavesandSimpleHarmonicMotionSimpleHarmonicMotionWavesPracticeProblemsSolutionstoPracticeProblemsRapidReview18ExtraDrillsonDifficultbutFrequentlyTestedTopicsHowtoUseThisChapterSpringsandGraphsTensionInclinedPlanesMotionGraphsSimpleCircuitsSTEP5BuildYourTest-TakingConfidence
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 17 preview imageAPPhysics1PracticeExam1APPhysics1PracticeExam1:SectionI(Multiple-ChoiceQuestions)APPhysics1PracticeExam1:SectionII(Free-ResponseQuestions)Solutions:APPhysics1PracticeExam1,SectionI(Multiple-ChoiceQuestions)Solutions:APPhysics1PracticeExam1,SectionII(Free-ResponseQuestions)ScoringthePracticeExamAPPhysics1PracticeExam2APPhysics1PracticeExam2:SectionI(Multiple-ChoiceQuestions)APPhysics1PracticeExam2:SectionII(Free-ResponseQuestions)Solutions:APPhysics1PracticeExam2,SectionI(Multiple-ChoiceQuestions)Solutions:APPhysics1PracticeExam2,SectionII(Free-ResponseQuestions)ScoringthePracticeExamELITESTUDENTEDITION5Minutestoa5180DailyQuestionsandActivitiesin5MinutesaDayAppendixesTableofInformationRecommendedWebsitesThePantheonofPizza
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 18 preview imagePREFACEHowisthisbookdifferentfromallotherAPPhysicsprepbooks?Thequalityoftheprepbookstartswiththeauthor.GregJacobshastaughtallversionsofAP(andnon-AP)physicssince1996.Hishundredsofstudentsovertheyearshaveagreaterthan99percentpassrate;morethan70percentearn5s.Greghasgradedtheexams,hehaswrittenquestionsthathaveappearedonexams,andhehastaughtteachershowtoteachtotheexams.Theleadingblogaboutphysicsteachingishis—“JacobsPhysics.”(Takealookatit.)Gregknowswhathe’stalkingabout,andtheproofisintheresultsandfeedbackfromhisstudents.APPhysics1emphasizesconceptualunderstandingoveralgebraicmanipulation,andsodoesthisbook.Somanypeoplepresumethatphysicsisaboutfindingtherightnumberstoplugintotherightequation.Thatcouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Successfulphysicsstudentscanexplainwhytheychoseaspecificequation.Theycanexplainwhatvaluesforeachvariablearereasonable,andwhy.Theycanexplainthephysicalmeaningofanymathematicalmanipulation—howwouldthisproblemlookinthelaboratory?Whatequipmentwouldbeusedtomeasurethesevalues?TheAPPhysics1Exammostlyasksquestionsthatarenotaboutnumbercrunching.Greghasbeenteaching“beyondthenumbers”foryears,andhebringshisexpertiseinexplainingcomplexconceptsinsimplelanguage.Yourtextbookisimpenetrable,eventoseniorphysicsmajors.Thisprepbookisreadable.Behonest—whenyoureadyourtextbook,youreallyjusttrytheproblemsattheendofthechapter,thenlookbackforatemplateofhowtodothoseproblems.Well,thisbook’scontentreviewisstructuredaroundthisverymethod.Gregposesexamplequestionsandtalksyouthroughthem.Ontheway,heshowsyoutherelevantfactsandequations,aswellashowyouaresupposedtoknowtheyarerelevant.Heexplainsnotjusttheanswer,butthethoughtprocessbehindtheanswer.Youdonothavetobealreadygoodatphysicstounderstandthetext.
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 19 preview imageThisbook’spracticetestsandpracticequestionsareauthentic.OneoftheprimarytenetsofGreg’sphysicsteachingisthatin-classtestsshouldlookexactlyliketherealAPexams.TheCollegeBoardhaspublishedacurriculumguidethatprovidesexpressguidanceastothestyleandcontentoftheexamquestions.Greg’spracticetestsarederiveddirectlyfromwhatthecurriculumguidesays.HehasvastexperiencephrasingquestionsinthestyleseenonCollegeBoardexams.Everypracticequestionincludesnotjustananswer,butalsoathoroughexplanationofhowtogetthatanswer.Thebackofyourtextbookmayprovideanswerslike“2m/s”or“increase.”Huh?Skimthroughandlookatthesolutionstothepracticeexam,andtotheend-of-chapterquestions.They’recomplete.Thisbook’ssolutionsexplaineverything,evensometimesthecommonmistakesthatyoumighthavemadebyaccident.Examreadersexpectthoroughnessonthefree-responseproblems—youshouldexpectthesamefromyourprepbook.ItisnotpossibletopreparewellforAPPhysicsmerelybyusingrecycledmaterialfrompreviousAPorhonorsphysicscourses.EvenaftersixyearsofAPPhysics1,themajorityofteachers—andeveryAPprepbookbarthisone—keepusingthesameproblemsandpresentations,justtweakingthecoveredtopicstomatchthenewexam.Andstudentsinthoseclasses,studentswhousethoseprepbooks,haveacomeuppanceonexamday.TheAPPhysics1Examasksforexplanations,notcalculations;itdoesnotgivepitypointsforwritingrelevantequations.Andinfouryearstherehasbeenonlyone—ONE!!!—problemrequiringnumericalworkonthefree-responsesection.APPhysics1demandsarevolutionarilydifferentapproachtolearningphysics.Yourparents’generationmightkvetchaboutcellphonesandtheInternet,butifthey’restilldoingbusinessbylandlineandU.S.mail,well,they’reluckytobedoingbusinessatall.Dittoforyourteacherwhomoansaboutthegoodolddayswhenphysicswastaughtwithcalculationaftercalculation.
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 20 preview imageACKNOWLEDGMENTSTheoriginalideaforthisbookcamemanymoonsago,whenmyAPstudentsin1999couldn’tstandtheotherreviewbooksonthemarket.“Wecanwriteabetterbookthanthat,”theysaid.Andwedid.JustinKreindel,ZackMenegakis,AdamOhren(whostillowesmefoursandwichesfromMississippiSweetsforpokingJasonduringclass),JasonSheikh,andJoeThistlewerethecastmembersforthatparticularopera.JoshSchulman,alsoamemberofthat1999class,wastheonewhobuckleddownandputpentopaper,orratherfingerstocomputerkeys.Hisfirstdraftofabookforcedmetoreviseandfinishandpublish.JoshisstillacoauthoronMcGraw-Hill’s5Stepstoa5:APPhysicsC.Ihighlyrecommendthatbook.DelFranzhasbeenafabulouseditorforthisandotherprojects.Iappreciatehistoils.ThefacultyandadministrationatWoodberryForestSchool,inparticularformersciencedepartmentchairmanJimReid,deservemention.Theyhavebeenextraordinarilysupportiveofmeprofessionally.Twoamazingphysicsteachershavevettedthisnewbookforthenewexam.Theyhavedonetremendousworkinexchangefornothingbutafreecupofcoffee.Thankyou,JeffSteele(whogavefeedbackonthepracticetests)andMattSckalor(whoreadeverycontentchapter).Ioweyouboth.Thankyoutothosewhosentinerratafromthefirstedition.I'mparticularlyindebtedtoGlennMangoldandDrewAusten,whosentinthreepages’worthofedits,alongwithcarefulandthoroughjustificationsforeach—wow.JosephRao,PatrickDiehl,MikePozuc,ShannonCopeland,FrankNoschese,HughRoss,andI'msureothersI’vemissedhavealsosentincorrectionsorthoughtsthatI’veused.AndtoalloftheJacobsPhysicsblogreaders,knowthatIdeeplyappreciatethecomments,e-mails,andconversationsyousendmyway.Mostimportant,thankyoutoShariandMiloforputtingupwithmeduringallofmywritingprojects.
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 21 preview image—GregJacobs
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 22 preview imageABOUTTHEAUTHORSGregJacobsischairmanofthesciencedepartmentatWoodberryForestSchool,thenation’spremierboardingschoolforboys.Overtheyears,GreghastaughtallflavorsofAPphysics.HeisareaderandconsultantfortheCollegeBoard,whichmeanshegradesAPphysicsexams,andherunsprofessionaldevelopmentseminarsforotherAPteachers.GregispresidentoftheUSAYPT,anonprofitorganizationpromotingphysicsresearchatthehighschoollevel.GregwasrecentlyhonoredasanAPTeacheroftheYearbytheSiemensFoundation.Outsidetheclassroom,Greghascoachedfootball,baseball,anddebate.Greghascalledfootball,baseball,soccer,andbasketballgamesviaInternetaudio.Hewritestheprominentphysicsteachingblog“JacobsPhysics,”availableathttps://jacobsphysics‘blogspot.com.GregwouldliketothankJeffSteeleforwritingthethirdpracticetest.JeffteachesincentralVirginia,gradesAPexams,andjudgestheU.S.InvitationalYoungPhysicistsTournamentswithGreg.Jeffisalsoacoauthorofthe5Minutestoa5sectionoftheEliteStudent’sversionofthisbook.
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 23 preview imageINTRODUCTION:THEFIVE-STEPPROGRAMWelcome!IknowthatpreparingfortheAdvancedPlacement(AP)Physics1,Algebra-BasedExamcanseemlikeadauntingtask.There’salotofmaterialtolearnandsomeofitcanbechallenging.ButIalsoknowthatpreparingfortheAPexamismucheasier—andalotmoreenjoyable—ifyoudoitwithafriendly,helpfulguide.Soorderthepizza(see“PantheonofPizza”intheAppendix)andlet’sgetstarted.First,youshouldknowthatphysicsdoesnotlenditselfwelltocramming.SuccessontheAPexamismostlikelytheresultofactuallylearningandunderstandingphysicsinyourAPPhysics1course.Ifyouareopeningthisbookinthefirstsemesterorearlyinthesecondsemester,besuretoreadChapter6,whichcontainsstrategiestogetthemostoutofyourphysicsclassintermsofpreparationfortheAPexam.Ofcourse,thisbookcanalsobeinstrumentalinhelpingyouscorehigh.5Stepsto5:APPhysics1,Algebra-Basediscomposedofpractical,score-raisingitemsyouwon’tnecessarilygetinyourAPcourse,includingin-depthinformationaboutthetest,provenstrategiestoattackeachtypeofquestionontheexam,aneasy-to-followreviewofcontent,andtwoveryrealisticpracticetests.OrganizationoftheBook:TheFive-StepProgramYouwillbetakingalengthy,comprehensiveexaminMay.Youwanttobewellpreparedsothattheexamtakesonthefeelofacommandperformance,notatrialbyfire.FollowingtheFive-Stepprogramisthebestwaytostructureyourpreparation.
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 24 preview imageStep1:GettoKnowtheExamandSetUpYourStudyProgramYouneedtogettoknowtheexam—what’sonitandhowit’sstructured—sotherearenosurprisesontestday.Understandingthetestisthefirststepinpreparingforit.Andyouneedaplan.Step1givesyouthebackgroundandstructureyouwillneedbeforeyoustartexampreparation.Step2:DetermineYourTestReadinessYourstudyprogramshouldnotincludecrammingabsolutelyeverythingaboutphysicsintoyourheadintheweeksbeforethetest;itcan’tbedone.Instead,you’llneedtoassessyourstrengthsandweaknessesandprioritizewhatyouneedtoreview.Thephysicsfundamentalsself-assessmentinChapter4willhelpyoudojustthat.Notethatthequestionsinthisself-assessmentarenotwritteninthestyleoftheactualquestionsontheAPPhysics1Exam.Theyaredesignedtoquicklydetermineyourstrengthsandweaknesses,nottomimicactualtestquestions.Then,inChapter5you’llbeintroducedtothedifferenttypesofquestionsfoundontheactualAPPhysics1Exam.Theself-assessmentinthischapterallowsyoutoseehowyoudooneachofthedifferenttypesofquestionsandtoidentifythequestiontypeswithwhichyouneedthemostpractice.Theresultsfrombothself-assessments—thefundamentalsself-assessmentinChapter4andthequestion-typeassessmentinChapter5—shouldhelpyoudevelopyourstudyplananddeterminewhichchaptersinthisbookyou’llspendthemosttimeon.Step3:DevelopStrategiesforSuccessReadthisifit’sthefirstsemesterorthebeginningofthesecondsemesterofyourcourse.ThefocusoftheremainingchaptersinStep3isdevelopingeffectivestrategiestoapproacheachofthequestiontypesfoundontheAPPhysics1Exam.Sure,Iknowyou’vebeenlisteningtogeneraltest-takingadviceandhavebeentakingmultiple-choicestandardizedtestspracticallyyourwholelife.Butthechaptersinthissectioncontainphysics-specificadvice.AndtheAPPhysics1,Algebra-BasedExamhasquestions—eveninthemultiple-choicesection—thatareprobablyunlikeanyyou’veencounteredpreviouslyinyourstandardizedtesttaking.Chapter7focusesonstrategies
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 25 preview imageforquestiontypesfoundonboththemultiple-choiceandfree-responsesectionsofthetest.Chapter8looksatstrategiesfortypesofquestionsfoundonlyonthefree-responsesection,andfinally,Chapter9suggestsstrategiesforquestiontypesthatappearonlyinthemultiple-choicesectionofthetest.Step4:ReviewtheKnowledgeYouNeedtoScoreHighStep4containsacomprehensivereviewofthetopicsontheAPexam.Now,you’veprobablybeeninanAPPhysicsclassallyearandyou’velikelyread(oratleasttriedtoread!)yourtextbook.Ourreviewisnotmeanttobeanothertextbook.It’sonlyareview—aneasy-to-follow,step-by-stepreviewfocusedexclusivelyonthethingslikelytoappearontheAPexam.Thereviewisnotasdetailedasyourtextbook,butit’smoregermanetowhat’sactuallyontheAPPhysics1Exam.Chapters10through15provideareviewofdifferentaspectsofmechanics,Chapter16focusesonelectricity,andChapter17focusesonwaves.Thesereviewchaptersareappropriatebothforquickskimming(toremindyourselfofsalientpoints)andforin-depthstudy,withplentyofsampleproblemsyoucanworkthrough.Eachreviewchaptercontainsseveralquestionsintheformatofthefree-responsequestionsactuallyfoundonthetest.Usethesequestionsbothtotestyourknowledgeandtopracticewiththetypesofquestionsyou’llencounteronthetest.Finally,inChapter18,you’llfindextradrillsonsomeofthemostcommonphysicssituationstestedontheAPexam.Theoldsayingistrue:practicemakesperfect.Step5:BuildYourTest-TakingConfidenceThisisprobablythemostimportantpartofthisbook:full-lengthpracticeteststhatcloselyreflectwhatyou’llencounterintheactualtest.Unlikeotherpracticetestsyoumaytake,thesecomewiththoroughexplanations.Oneofthemostimportantelementsinlearningphysicsismaking,andthenlearningfrom,mistakes.Thisbookdoesn’tjusttellyouwhatyougotwrong;weexplainwhyyouransweriswrongandhowtodotheproblemcorrectly.It’sokaytomakeamistakeherebecause,ifyoudo,youprobablywon’tmakethesamemistakeagainonthatdayinmid-May.Infact,it’sagoodideatoreadnotonlythesolutionstotheproblemsyougotwrong,but
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 26 preview imagealsothesolutionsfortheproblemsyouweren’tsureoforsimplyhappenedtoguesscorrectly.TheGraphicsUsedinThisBookToemphasizeparticularskillsandstrategies,weuseiconsthroughoutthisbook.Aniconinthemarginwillalertyouthatyoushouldpayparticularattentiontotheaccompanyingtext.Weusethesethreeicons:1.Thisiconpointsoutaveryimportantconceptorfactthatyoushouldnotpassover.2.Thisiconcallsyourattentiontoaproblem-solvingstrategythatyoumaywanttotry.3.Thisiconindicatesatipthatyoumightfinduseful.
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 27 preview imageSTEPGettoKnowtheExamandSetUpYourStudyProgramCHAPTER1FrequentlyAskedQuestionsAbouttheAPPhysics1ExamCHAPTER2UnderstandingtheExam:TheAPPhysics1RevolutionCHAPTER3HowtoUseYourTime
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 28 preview imageCHAPTERFrequentlyAskedQuestionsAbouttheAPPhysics1ExamSummary:ThischapterprovidesthebasicinformationyouneedtoknowabouttheAPPhysics1,Algebra-BasedExam.Learnhowthetestisstructured,whattopicsaretested,howthetestisscored,aswellasbasictest-takinginformation.KeyIdeasIt’snotpossibleto“game”thistest.Inordertogetagoodscore,youmustknowyourphysics.Halfofthetestconsistsofmultiple-choicequestionsandtheotherhalfoffree-responsequestions.Eachsectionaccountsforhalfofyourscore.
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 29 preview image&@Ascoreof3orabovemakesyouqualifiedforcreditfrommostcollegesanduniversities.Topicsontheexamincludethefollowing:1.ForceandMotion-Howthingsmove-ForcesandNewton'slaws-Rotation-GravitationII.ConservationLaws-Collisions:impulseandmomentum-Workandenergy-Rotation-GravitationIII.ElectricityandWaves-Coulomb’slawandcircuits-WavesandsimpleharmonicmotionThefocusofthetestisnotnumbersandequations.Youmayuseacalculatorandanequationsheet,butthesewillnotbeveryhelpfulbecausefarmoreexplanationsandverbalresponsesarerequiredthancalculationsandnumericalanswers.FAQs:TheAPPhysicsProgramChapter2containstheanswerstosomeofthemostfrequentlyaskedquestionsabouttheAPPhysics1,Algebra-Basedcourseandexam.Ifyouhaveadditionalquestions,checkouttheCollegeBoard’s“APCentral”webpages(http://apcentral.collegeboard.com).Anotherhelpfulresourceforthetestistheauthor’sphysicsteachingblogathttps://jacobsphysics‘blogspot.com.WhatIsAPPhysics1,Algebra-Based,andHowIsItDifferentfromaTypicalAdvancedPhysicsCourse?
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 30 preview imageAPPhysics1isafirst-time,no-calculusphysicscoursecoveringmechanics,waves,andelectricity.!TheAPPhysics1Examinvolvesfewertopicsthantypicalhighschoolorcollegeintroductorycourses,butitrequiresfarmoreexplanationsandverbalresponsesthancalculationsandnumericalanswers.Eventhoughmostadvancedphysicscoursesrequireloadsofnumericalanswersandmathematicalmanipulation,APPhysics1requiresyoutobeabletodoonlytwothingsmathematically:(1)solvestraightforwardalgebraicequations,and(2)usethebasicdefinitionsofthetrigonometricfunctionssine,cosine,andtangent.There’snocompletingthesquare,notrigonometricidentities—justthebasicstuffyoulearnedinyouralgebraandgeometrycourses.ThenextchaptercontainsmoreinformationabouthowtheAPPhysics1,Algebra-BasedcurriculumdiffersfromtheoldAPPhysicsBcourseandothertraditionaladvancedphysicscourses.WhoShouldTaketheAPPhysics1,Algebra-BasedCourse?TheAPPhysics1courseisidealforallcollege-boundhighschoolstudents.Forthosewhointendtomajorinmathortheheavy-dutysciences,Physics1servesasaperfectintroductiontocollege-levelwork.Forthosewhowantnothingtodowithphysicsafterhighschool,Physics1isaterrificterminalcourse—yougetexposuretomanyfacetsofphysicsatarigorousyetunderstandablelevel.Mostimportant,forthosewhoaren’tsureinwhichdirectiontheircollegecareermayhead,”thePhysics1coursecanhelpyoudecide:“DoIlikethisstuffenoughtokeepstudyingit,ornot?”WhatAretheOtherAPPhysicsCourses?InadditiontoAPPhysics1,theCollegeBoardnowoffersthreeotherAPPhysicscourses.APPhysics2isdesignedasanalgebra-basedfollow-uptoAPPhysics1.Inthesamestyleofrequiringdepthofunderstandingandverbalexplanation,APPhysics2coverselectricity,magnetism,fluids,thermalphysics,atomicandnuclearphysics,andmore.TheAPPhysicsCcoursesareonlyforthosewhohavealreadytakenasolidintroductoryphysicscourseandareconsideringacareerinthe
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Page 31 preview imagephysicalsciencesormath.PhysicsCconsistsoftwoseparate,calculus-basedcourses:(1)NewtonianMechanics,and(2)ElectricityandMagnetism.Ofcourse,thePhysics1andPhysics2coursescoverthesetopicsaswell.However,theCcoursesgointogreatermathematicaldepthanddetail.Theproblemsaremoreinvolved,andtheydemandahigherlevelofconceptualandmathematicalability,includingdifferentialandintegralcalculus,andsomedifferentialequations.Youcantakeeitherorboth90-minutePhysicsCexams.TheAPPhysicsCexamshavenotchangedinmanyyears.IfyoudecidetoattemptthePhysicsCExam,try5Stepstoa5:APPhysicsC.IsOneExamBetterthantheOther?ShouldITakeMorethanOne?Westronglyrecommendtakingonlyoneexam—andmakesureit’stheoneyourhighschoolAPcoursepreparedyoufor!PhysicsCisnotconsidered“better”thanPhysics1or2intheeyesofcollegesandscholarshipcommittees.Theyaredifferentcourseswithdifferentintendedaudiences.Itisfarbettertodowellontheoneexamyoupreparedforthantoattemptsomethingelseanddopoorly.WhyShouldITakeanAPPhysicsExam?ManyofyoutakeanAPPhysicsexambecauseyouareseekingcollegecredit.Ascoreof3orabovemakesyouqualifiedforcreditfrommostcollegesanduniversities.Thismeansyouareoneortwocoursesclosertograduationbeforeyouevenstartcollege!Therefore,onecompellingreasontotakeanAPexamiseconomic.Howmuchdoesacollegecoursecost,evenatarelativelyinexpensiveschool?You'retalkingseveralthousandsofdollars.Ifyoucansavethosethousandsofdollarsbypayinglessthanahundreddollarsnow,whynotdoso?Evenifyoudonotscorehighenoughtoearncollegecredit,thefactthatyouelectedtoenrollinanAPcoursetellsadmissionscommitteesthatyouareahighachieverandareseriousaboutyoureducation.You'llhearawholelotofmisinformationaboutAPcreditpolicies.Don’tbelieveanythingafriend(orevenateacher)tellsyou;instead,findoutforyourself.OnewaytolearnabouttheAPcreditpolicyoftheschoolyou’reinterestedinistolookitupontheCollegeBoard’sofficialwebsite,
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5 Steps to a 5: AP Physics 1 Algebra-Based 2021 Elite Student Edition (2020) - Certification Guides | Advanced Placement