AP Biology: With 2 Practice Tests (2020)

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******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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About the AuthorDeborah Goldberg is passionate about Biology. She earned her B.S. andM.S. degrees in Biology at Long Island University. For fourteen years, shedid cell research at NYU Medical Center and New York Medical College.For the following twenty-two years, she taught Biology, Chemistry, andForensic Science at Lawrence High School in Cedarhurst, New York.******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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DedicationI dedicate this book to my children, Michael and Sara Boilen, and to myhusband, Howard Blue.******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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AcknowledgmentsI wish to thank——My husband, Howard Blue, for his constant love and support—My sister, Rachel, for her mastery of the English language and hereagerness to share it—Samantha Karasik, my editor, for her expert guidance—My students at Lawrence High School on Long Island, New York,who made teaching the best job in the world—Evaluators, who made some great recommendations—Stephen Traphagen, for his expert advice, suggestions, and feedbackthroughout this revision******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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© Copyright 2020, 2017, 2015, 2013, 2010, 2007 by Kaplan, Inc., d/b/a Barron’s EducationalSeries. Previous edition © Copyright 2004 by Kaplan, Inc., d/b/a Barron’s Educational Series underthe titleHow to Prepare for AP Biology.All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment ofthe required fees, you have been granted the non-exclusive, non-transferable right to access andread the text of this eBook on screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted,downloaded, decompiled, reverse engineered, or stored in or introduced into any informationstorage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, nowknown or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of the publisher.Published by Kaplan, Inc., d/b/a Barron’s Educational Series750 Third AvenueNew York, NY 10017www.barronseduc.comISBN: 978-1-5062-6945-010 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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ContentsBarron’sEssential 5PART 1: INTRODUCTION1About the AP Biology ExamWhat’s in This Updated Review Book?What Are the AP Exam Questions Like?Exam FormatGrades on the ExamTips for Section ITips for Section IIThe owl appears next to topics that provide helpful background information andillustrative examples. See page 4 for more details.PART 2: SUBJECT AREA REVIEW2BiochemistryIntroductionAtomic Structure******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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BondingMolecules—Polar and NonpolarHydrophobic and Hydrophilic SubstancesProperties of WaterpHIsomersOrganic CompoundsProtein FoldingChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained3The CellIntroductionStructure and Function of the CellTransport Into and Out of the CellCell CommunicationApoptosis—Programmed Cell DeathChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained4Cell CycleIntroductionThe Cell CycleCell Division and Cancerous CellsMeiosisMeiosis and Genetic VariationRegulation and Timing of the Cell CycleChapter SummaryPractice Questions******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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Answers Explained5Energy, Metabolism, and EnzymesIntroductionEnergyMetabolismEnzyme-Controlled ReactionsCharacteristics of EnzymesInhibition of Enzymatic ReactionsChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained6Cell RespirationIntroductionATP—Adenosine TriphosphateGlycolysisStructure of the MitochondrionAerobic Respiration: The Citric Acid CycleNAD+and FADAerobic Respiration: The Electron Transport ChainOxidative Phosphorylation and ChemiosmosisSummary of ATP ProductionAnaerobic Respiration—FermentationChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained7PhotosynthesisIntroductionPhotosynthetic Pigments******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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The ChloroplastPhotosystemsLight-Dependent Reactions—The Light ReactionsLight-Independent Reactions—The Calvin CyclePhotorespirationModifications for Dry EnvironmentsChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained8HeredityIntroductionBasics of ProbabilityLaw of DominanceLaw of SegregationMonohybrid CrossBackcross or TestcrossLaw of Independent AssortmentBeyond Mendelian InheritancePolygenic InheritanceMore Exceptions to Mendelian InheritanceGenes and the EnvironmentLinked GenesCrossover and Linkage MappingThe PedigreeX Inactivation—The Barr BodyMutationsNondisjunctionChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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9The Molecular Basis of InheritanceIntroductionThe Search for Heritable MaterialStructure of Nucleic AcidsDNA Replication in EukaryotesFrom DNA to ProteinGene MutationThe Genetics of Viruses and BacteriaPrionsThe Human GenomeRegulation of Gene ExpressionRecombinant DNA; Cloning GenesTools and Techniques of BiotechnologyEthical ConsiderationsChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained10Biological DiversityIntroductionThe Three-Domain Classification SystemEvolutionary Trends in AnimalsPhylogenetic TreesChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained11EvolutionIntroductionHistory of EarthEvidence for Evolution******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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Historical Context for Evolutionary TheoryDarwin’s Theory of Natural SelectionTypes of SelectionPreserving Variation in a PopulationCauses of Evolution of a PopulationHardy-Weinberg Equilibrium—Characteristics of Stable PopulationsSpeciation and Reproductive IsolationPatterns of EvolutionModern Theory of EvolutionEvo-DevoThe Origin of LifeRNA WorldExaptationHalf-LifeChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained12EcologyIntroductionProperties of PopulationsPopulation GrowthCommunity EcologyEnergy Flow and Primary ProductionEnergy Flow and the Food ChainEcological SuccessionBiomesChemical CyclesHumans and the BiosphereChapter SummaryPractice Questions******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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Answers Explained13Animal BehaviorIntroductionFixed Action PatternMigrationAnimal Signals and CommunicationLearning Modifies BehaviorSocial BehaviorNatural Selection and Reproductive SuccessEvolution of BehaviorChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers ExplainedPART 3: ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES REVIEW14PlantsIntroductionStrategies That Enabled Plants to Move to LandThe LeafTransport in PlantsWater Potential and Passive TransportPlant Responses to StimuliChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained15Human PhysiologyIntroductionDigestion in Different AnimalsDigestion in Humans******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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Gas Exchange in Different AnimalsGas Exchange in HumansCirculation in Different AnimalsHuman CirculationOsmoregulationExcretionMuscleChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained16Endocrine and Nervous SystemsIntroductionChemical SignalsFeedback MechanismsHow Hormones Trigger a Response in Target CellsTemperature RegulationNervous SystemOrganization of the Human BrainChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained17The Human Immune SystemIntroductionNonspecific Innate Defense MechanismsAdaptive ImmunityTypes of ImmunityBlood Groups and TransfusionAIDSPositive Feedback in the Immune System******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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Other Topics in ImmunityChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers Explained18Animal Reproduction and DevelopmentIntroductionAsexual ReproductionSexual ReproductionEmbryonic DevelopmentFactors That Influence Embryonic DevelopmentChapter SummaryPractice QuestionsAnswers ExplainedPART 4: INVESTIGATIVE LABS19Investigative LabsIntroductionGraphingHistogramsDealing with DataDesigning an ExperimentLab #1: Artificial SelectionLab #2: Mathematical Modeling: Hardy-WeinbergLab #3: BLAST—Comparing DNA SequencesLab #4: Diffusion and OsmosisLab #5: PhotosynthesisLab #6: Cell RespirationLab #7: Cell Division—Mitosis and MeiosisLab #8: Biotechnology—Bacterial Transformation******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks*******

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