AP Chinese Language and Culture (2020)

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L9NNNYNYNYANYNYNYCNYCNYCNALY®_pA_UDEVUP-TO-DATEREVIEWANDPRACTICE2full-lengthpracticetests,;plusdownloadableaudioforall&ListeningandSpeakingexercisesN~~FSComprehensivecontentreviewWPLUSONLINEAUDIO|e|YanShen,M.A.—"4<-ProtonafamtGoesnihandreasagrote——

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DownloadedfromStudyXY.com®+StudyXYSdYe.o>\|iF’prE\3SStudyAnythingThisContentHasbeenPostedOnStudyXY.comassupplementarylearningmaterial.StudyXYdoesnotendroseanyuniversity,collegeorpublisher.Allmaterialspostedareundertheliabilityofthecontributors.wv8)www.studyxy.com

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BARRON’SAS©©©©©LS)CHINESELANGUAGEANDCULTURETHIRDEDITIONYanShen,M.A.DepartmentofAsianLanguages&CulturesUCLA,LosAngelesContributingauthor:JoanneShang,B.S.ChineseLanguageTeacherRyeCountryDaySchoolNewYork,NewYork

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ABOUTTHEAUTHORSYanShenhasbeenalecturerinAsianLanguagesandCulturesatUCLA,LosAngelessince2005.ShehasaMastersinSinologyandAnthropologyfromtheUniversityofTrierinGermanyandaBachelorsinChineseLanguageandLiteraturefromCapitalNormalUniversity,Beijing,China.ShewasborninChinaandhaslivedinBeijingformorethantwodecades.ShetaughtChineseasasecondlanguageattheInternationalChineseLanguageandCultureCenteratTsinghuaUniversitybetween1993and2004andhasbeenacertifiedOralProficiencyTesterfortheAmericanCouncilontheTeachingofForeignLanguagessince2012.Shehaspublishedarticlesinjournals,suchasTheJournalofTsinghuaUniversity,andpresentedatnationalandglobalconferences,includingACTFLandCLTA.ShehasservedasareviewerfortheCriticalLanguageScholarshipProgram(Chinese)forseveralyears.JoanneShangteachesMandarinChineseatRyeCountryDaySchoolinNewYorkandisprofessionallyfocusedinstudent-centeredpedagogyandtechnologyintegrationinworldlanguageteachingandlearning.SheisamasterteacherinStartalkprogramsandpresentsregularlyatnationalandglobalconferences.JoannepreviouslytaughtinNorthCarolinaandHongKong.BothauthorshavebeenreadersfortheAPChineseLanguageandCultureexam.I~StudyXY

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThankstomyhusband,WeiLi,forhissupportwhileIworkedonthebook.Thanksalsotomydaughter,YunyiLi,forherhelpintranslatingmuchoftheChineseintoEnglish.ManythanksalsotoJoanneShangforcheckingthemanuscriptandofferingvaluablesuggestionsforimprovement.SpecialthanksareduetomyeditoratBarron’s,SamanthaKarasik.—YanShenAUDIOToaccesstheaudioforalllisteningsegments,goto:online.barronsbooks.com+StudyXxy

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©Copyright2019,2014,2009byKaplanNorthAmerica,LLC,d/b/aBarron’sEducationalSeriesAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedordistributedinanyformorbyanymeanswithoutthewrittenpermissionofthecopyrightowner.PublishedbyKaplanNorthAmerica,LLC,d/b/aBarron’sEducationalSeries1515WestCypressCreekRoadFortLauderdale,FL.33309www.barronseduc.comISBN:978-1-4380-1184-4ISSN:2330-3263KaplanNorthAmerica,LLC,d/b/aBarron’sEducationalSeriesprintbooksareavailableatspecialquantitydiscountstouseforsalespromotions,employeepremiums,oreducationalpurposes.Formoreinformationortopurchasebooks,pleasecalltheSimon&Schusterspecialsalesdepartmentat866-506-1949.+StudyXY

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ContentsLY-—-—-—-—-—-——-——-—Barron’sEssential51IntroductionGeneralInformationTheAPChineseLanguageandCultureCourseTheAPChineseLanguageandCultureExamScoringNavigatingtheComputerSuggestedResourcesUsingThisBook2ListeningComprehensionGeneralInformationRejoindersListeningSelectionsListeningStrategiesListeningComprehensionPracticeAnswerKeyAnswersExplainedVocabularyListAudioscripts3ReadingComprehension

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GeneralInformationReadingStrategiesReadingSelectionsReadingComprehensionPracticeAnswerKeyAnswersExplained4WritingSkillsGeneralInformationEvaluationCriteriaScoringGuidelinesTypesofEssaysWritingStrategiesWritingSkillsPractice5SpeakingSkillsGeneralInformationEvaluationCriteriaScoringGuidelinesConversationSamplesandScoresCulturalPresentationSamplesandScoresSpeakingTipsVocabularyTipsSpeakingPreparationPresentationSpeakingSkillsPracticeSpeakingSkillsAudioscripts6GrammarReviewComplementsSentenceswithSpecialPredicatesThePassiveVoice

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The“38”—SentencesExistentialSentencesSentenceswithVerbalConstructionsinaSeriesPivotalSentencesComparisonExpressingEmphasisComplexSentencesCommonSentencePatternsinSpokenChinese7CulturalNotesPhysicalGeographyofChinaSurveyofModernHistoryFestivalsandCustomsChineseFamilyVirtuesChineseMythologyIdiomStoriesFourGrandWorksinChineseLiteratureChineseCharactersCalligraphyChineseArtsandCraftsFourGreatInventionsofAncientChinaTraditionalChineseMedicineTraditionalChineseArchitectureClassicalGardensTraditionalPerformingArtsEducationChineseMartialArtsTraditionalEntertainmentCulturalHeritageTraditionalClothingTraditionalFoodChineseAstrologyChineseTaboosChineseInfluentialFiguresImportantIdioms

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UsefulProverbs8PracticeExam1AnswerKeyAnswersExplainedAudioscripts9PracticeExam2AnswerKeyAnswersExplainedAudioscripts

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Barron’sEssential5Asyouworktowardachievingthat5onyourAPChineseLanguageandCultureexam,herearefiveessentialsthatyouMUSTknowaboveeverythingelse:Familiarizeyourselfwiththeexamstructureandthethreemodesofcommunicationaroundwhichthecourseisstructured.©Understandingthevarioustasksontheexamiscriticalforsuccess.©Rememberthatcommunicationcanbeinterpersonal,interpretive,orpresentational.®Allofthetasksontheexamarebuiltuponthesemodes.®Yoursuccessdependsonabalancedmasteryoflanguage.Listenandreadcritically.©YouwillneedtocomprehendavarietyofauthenticChinesetexts,e-mails,letters,articles,conversations,interviews,announcements,andotheritemssuchasads,charts,andinstructions.©Besureyouunderstandthepurpose,theessentialfacts,andthetoneofeachoftheseitems,aswellasthepunsandeuphemismsused.CompletethetasksintheFree-ResponseQuestions.®TheinstructionstotheFree-ResponseQuestionsarewritteninEnglish.©Readthemcarefullyastheyspecifywhattasksareexpectedofyou.©Itismostimportanttocompletetherighttaskcorrectly.®Overlookingataskorsubtaskwillmarginalizeyourscoreregardlessoftherichlanguageused.Typecorrectly.®TheWritingsectionsincludeanE-mailResponseandaStoryNarration.©Eachmustbecompletedin15minutesbytypingChinesecharacters.+StudyXxy

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®PracticetypingonIMEmethodsforproficiencyandaccuracyinchoosingthecharactersafterkeyingintheHanyuPinyinorZhuyinFuhao.Useallelementsofthisguide.©ReadandpayattentiontothesuggestedstrategiesandtheexplanationsintheAnswerKeystostrengthenorsupplementyourknowledge.eCompletetheexercisesinallsectionsandthetwoPracticeExams.Besureyou'refamiliarwiththeexamdirections.+StudyXxy

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CHAPTER1IntroductionGENERALINFORMATIONTheAPChineseLanguageandCultureprogramoffershighschoolstudentsanopportunitytoearncreditforChinesecoursesatthecollegelevel.LikeotherCollegeBoardprograms,itisavailabletoanyoneworldwidewhowishestoparticipate.TheAPChineseLanguageandCultureexamwasfirstheldinMay2007andisusedtoassessastudent’sproficiencyinChinese,equivalenttocompletingafourth-semesterChinesecourseincollege.TheAPChineseLanguageandCultureexamconsistsoftwoessentialaspects:ChineselanguageandChineseculture.Sincelanguageandculturearesocloselyintertwined,cultureisacquiredintheprocessoflearningalanguage,andlanguageislearnedwhenstudyingculture.Assuch,studentsshouldtrytoabsorbasmuchChinesecultureaspossiblewhilelearningthelanguage,becauseitisimpossibletoseparatethetwo.THEAPCHINESELANGUAGEANDCULTURECOURSEThecurriculumandassessmentframeworksfortheAPChineseLanguageandCulturecourseundergocontinuousimprovement.InordertopreparefortheAPChineseLanguageandCultureexam,studentsarestronglyencouraged,althoughnotrequired,toenrollinanAPChineseLanguageandCulturecourseinhighschool.LikeotherAPcourses,theAPChineseLanguageandCulturecourseshouldmatchthelevelofafourth-semesteruniversity/collegecourseinMandarin/PutonghuaChinese.Thislevelrequiresstudentstocompleteapproximately250hoursofclassroominstruction.IntheAPChineseLanguageandCulturecourse,studentsshouldintensivelypracticeChineseinthreemodes:interpersonal,interpretive,andpresentational.Inaddition,theyshoulddevelopChineselanguageskillsinthefivegoalareas:communication,cultures,connections,comparisons,andcommunities.ThefirstgoalinvolvescommunicationinChinese.Studentsareexpected:

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1.toengageinconversations,provideandobtaininformation,expressfeelingsandemotions,exchangeopinions,andmakepresentations2.tounderstand,write,anddiscussavarietyoftopicsThesecondgoalinvolvestheacquisitionofculturalknowledge.Thisincludes:1.understandingsocialpatterns2.theactivepracticeofconventions3.appropriateuseofChineseinculturalsettingsInparticular,studentsshouldunderstandsignificantcomponentsofChineseculture,suchastraditions,history,literature,art,andsoon.ThethirdgoalistoestablishaconnectionbetweenChineseandotherdisciplinesandtofurtheracquireinformationandrecognizedistinctiveviewpointsthatareonlyavailablethroughChineselanguageandculture.Thefourthgoalconcernsthestudent’sabilitytocompareandcontrasttheChineselanguageandculturewithhisorhernativeorotherlanguageandculture.ThefifthgoalemphasizesthatstudentsshouldapplytheChineselanguageincommunitiesbothwithinandbeyondtheschoolsetting.THEAPCHINESELANGUAGEANDCULTUREEXAMTheAPChineseLanguageandCulturecourseandexamincorporateChineseculturalinformationwithlistening,speaking,reading,andwriting.LikeotherAPforeignlanguageexams,theAPChineseLanguageandCultureexammeasuresfluency.StudentsshouldbeabletorecognizeandunderstandbothspokenandwrittenChineseatasophisticatedlevel.Inaddition,theyshoulddemonstratetheirabilitytospeakandwriteChinesefluentlyandaccuratelyinaculturallyappropriatemanner.FormatoftheExamThefollowingtablesprovidesasummaryoftheimportantinformationontheAPChineseLanguageandCultureexam.TablesI,II,andIIIrepresenttheformatoftheexam.TheexamassessesthecommunicationabilityofAPChineseLanguageandCulturestudentsintwosections:multiple-choiceand

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free-responsequestions.EachsectionoftheAPChineseLanguageandCultureexamcontributesaspecificportiontothefinalAPgrade.DetailedrubricsfortheWritingandSpeakingfree-responsesectionswillbegivenintherelatedchapters.TablesIandIIlistthetimedistributionandweightofeachpartonthefinalgrade.Todowellontheexam,itisimportanttounderstandthestructureoftheAPChineseLanguageandCultureexam.SECTIONISection1,asillustratedinTableI,isthemultiple-choicesectionandcoverslisteningandreadingcomprehension.THELISTENINGSECTIONconsistsoftwotypesofmultiple-choicequestionsdevelopedtoevaluateinterpersonalandinterpretivecommunicationskills.Rejoinders—APstudentsmust«firstlistentoandfullyunderstandtheexpressionsinthebeginningpartofaconversation,andthen+listentoalistofchoicesandselectaculturallyacceptablediscoursetocontinueorcompletetheconversation.TABLE1

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SectionI:Multiple-ChoiceSection/QuestionType#ofKnowledge/TimeWeightofQuestions~~SkillsAssessedFinalScorePartA:Rejoinders:Listento10-15Interpersonal10mins:Listening25%thebeginningofacommunication—5-secondconversation,thenUnderstandingresponsedetermineancharacterphrasestimeperappropriateandsocioculturalquestioncontinuationoftheformulae;expressingconversation.‘opinion,attitude,intentListeningSelections:15-20Interpretive.10mins:Answerquestionsafter‘communication—12-secondlisteningtoavarietyofComprehension,responsestimuli(e.g.,inference,applicationtimeperconversation,ofbasicculturalquestioninstructions,voiceknowledgemessage,report,announcement).PartB:Reading35-40Interpretive60minsReading25%Comprehension:‘communication—AnswerquestionsafterComprehension,readingavarietyofinference,applicationstimuli(e.g.,note,ofbasicculturalpublicsign,poster,knowledgee-mail,letter,story,advertisement,article,brochure).SectionII:Free-Response—WritingSection/QuestionType#ofKnowledge/SkillsTimeWeightofTasksAssessedFinalScorePartA:WritingStoryNarration:Writea1Presentational15mins25%storyaccordingtoaseries‘communication—ofpictureprompts.WritingE-mailresponse:Writean1Interpersonal15mins‘e-mailresponseafter‘communication—readingane-mailmessage.Reading,writingStudy.

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