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AP US History: With 2 Practice Tests (2020)

AP US History: With 2 Practice Tests (2020) breaks down difficult exam topics into easily digestible questions and answers.

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    The Trusted Name in Test Prep ® U.S. History | _Bg ~~ » - BM For 2021 & 2022 exams pe ¢ 77 \ 7 = N BH Comprehensive content review 4 { i ° v4 : Z = | Eugene V. Resnick, M.A. f= : ) Wy y Zz > cht po na re ern pe. - + Studyxy . oo

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    Downloaded from StudyXY.com ® + StudyXY Sd Ye. o> \ | iF ’ pr E \ 3 S Stu dy Anything This ContentHas been Posted On StudyXY.com as supplementary learning material. StudyXY does not endrose any university, college or publisher. Allmaterials posted are under the liability of the contributors. wv 8) www.studyxy.com

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    © D508 QA \ Ld U.S. History WITH 2 PRACTICE TESTS FIFTH EDITION re HB For 2021 & 2022 exams BW Comprehensive content review Eugene V. Resnick, M.A. AP®is registered trademark of the College Board, which was not = 3 vt i a prod of, ad dos et andere, he roche. _— —_ -: — ~ mt

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    ® United States History WITH 2 PRACTICE TESTS FIFTH EDITION Eugene V. Resnick, M.A. Midwood High School Brooklyn, New York *AP and Advanced Placement Program are registered trademarks of the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.

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    Table of Contents Barron’s AP® United States History with 2 Practice Tests Cover Title Page Copyright Information About the Author Barron’s Essential 5 INTRODUCTION Preparing for the Advanced Placement United States History Exam Using This Book to Help You Prepare for the Exam 1 Historical Thinking Skills, Reasoning Processes, and Themes Historical Thinking Skills and Reasoning Processes Historical Thinking Skills Reasoning Processes Themes in U.S. History 2 Navigating the Advanced Placement United States History Exam Multiple-Choice Questions Short-Answer Questions Document-Based Question Long Essay Question Answers and Explanations REVIEW SECTION—TIME PERIODS 3 Period 1: 1491-1607 The Meeting of Three Peoples Topic 1.1 Contextualizing Period 1 Topic 1.2 Native American Societies Before European Contact Topic 1.3 European Exploration in the Americas Topic 1.4 Columbian Exchange, Spanish Exploration, and Conquest Topic 1.5 Labor, Slavery, and Caste in the Spanish Colonial System Topic 1.6 Cultural Interactions Between Europeans, Native

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    Americans, and Africans Topic 1.7 Subject to Debate Practice Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Key Answers and Explanations 4 Period 2: 1607-1754 Patterns of Empire and Resistance Topic 2.1 Contextualizing Period 2 Topic 2.2 European Colonization Topic 2.3 The Regions of British Colonies Topic 2.4 Transatlantic Trade Topic 2.5 Interactions Between American Indians and Europeans Topic 2.6 Slavery in the British Colonies Topic 2.7 Colonial Society and Culture Topic 2.8 Subject to Debate Practice Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Key Answers and Explanations 5 Period 3: 1754-1800 The Crisis of Empire, Revolution, and Nation Building Topic 3.1 Contextualizing Period 3 Topic 3.2 The Seven Years' War (The French and Indian War) Topic 3.3 Taxation Without Representation Topic 3.4 Philosophical Foundations of the American Revolution Topic 3.5 The American Revolution Topic 3.6 The Influence of Revolutionary Ideas Topic 3.7 The Articles of Confederation Topic 3.8 The Constitutional Convention and Debates over Ratification Topic 3.9 The Constitution Topic 3.10 Shaping the New Republic Topic 3.11 Developing an American Identity Topic 3.12 Movement in the Early Republic Topic 3.13 Subject to Debate Practice Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Key

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    Answers and Explanations 6 Period 4: 1800-1848 The Meaning of Democracy in an Fra of Economic and Territorial Expansion Topic 4.1 Contextualizing Period 4 Topic 4.2 The Rise of Political Parties and the Era of Jefferson Topic 4.3 Politics and Regional Interests Topic 4.4 America on the World Stage Topic 4.5 Market Revolution: Economic Transformations Topic 4.6 Market Revolution: Society and Culture Topic 4.7 Expanding Democracy Topic 4.8 Jackson and Federal Power Topic 4.9 The Development of an American Culture Topic 4.10 The Second Great Awakening Topic 4.11 An Age of Reform Topic 4.12 African Americans in the Early Republic Topic 4.13 The Society of the South in the Early Republic Topic 4.14 Subject to Debate Practice Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Key Answers and Explanations 7 Period 5: 1844-1877 Slavery, Civil War, and the Transformation of American Society Topic 5.1 Contextualizing Period 5 Topic 5.2 Manifest Destiny Topic 5.3 The Mexican-American War Topic 5.4 The Compromise of 1850 Topic 5.5 Sectional Conflict: Regional Differences Topic 5.6 Failure to Compromise Topic 5.7 Election of 1860 and Secession Topic 5.8 Military Conflict in the Civil War Topic 5.9 Government Policies During the Civil War Topic 5.10 Reconstruction Topic 5.11 Failure of Reconstruction Topic 5.12 Subject to Debate Practice Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Key Answers and Explanations

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    8 Period 6: 1865-1898 The Challenges of the Era of Industrialization Topic 6.1 Contextualizing Period 6 Topic 6.2 Westward Expansion: Economic Development Topic 6.3 Westward Expansion: Social and Cultural Development Topic 6.4 The "New South" Topic 6.5 Technological Innovation Topic 6.6 The Rise of Industrial Capitalism Topic 6.7 Labor in the Gilded Age Topic 6.8 Immigration and Migration in the Gilded Age Topic 6.9 Responses to Immigration in the Gilded Age Topic 6.10 Development of the Middle Class Topic 6.11 Reform in the Gilded Age Topic 6.12 Controversies over the Role of Government in the Gilded Age Topic 6.13 Politics in the Gilded Age Topic 6.14 Subject to Debate Practice Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Key Answers and Explanations 9 Period 7: 1890-1945 Economic Dislocation and Reform in the Age of Empire and World War Topic 7.1 Contextualizing Period 7 Topic 7.2 Imperialism: Debates Topic 7.3 The Spanish-American War and Its Aftermath Topic 7.4 The Progressives Topic 7.5 World War I: Military and Diplomacy Topic 7.6 World War I: Home Front Topic 7.7 1920s: Innovation in Communications and Technology Topic 7.8 1920s: Cultural and Political Controversies Topic 7.9 The Great Depression Topic 7.10 The New Deal Topic 7.11 Interwar Foreign Policy Topic 7.12 World War II: Mobilization Topic 7.13 World War II: Military

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    Topic 7.14 Postwar Diplomacy Topic 7.15 Subject to Debate Practice Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Key Answers and Explanations 10 Period 8: 1945-1980 Redefining Democracy in the Era of Cold War and Liberal Ascendancy Topic 8.1 Contextualizing Period 8 Topic 8.2 The Cold War from 1945 to 1980 Topic 8.3 The Red Scare Topic 8.4 The Economy after 1945 Topic 8.5 Culture after 1945 Topic 8.6 Early Steps in the Civil Rights Movement (1940s and 1950s) Topic 8.7 America as a World Power Topic 8.8 The Vietnam War Topic 8.9 The Great Society Topic 8.10 The African-American Civil Rights Movement (1960s) Topic 8.11 The Civil Rights Movement Expands Topic 8.12 Youth Culture of the 1960s Topic 8.13 The Environment and Natural Resources from 1968 to 1980 Topic 8.14 Society in Transition Topic 8.15 Subject to Debate Practice Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Key Answers and Explanations 11 Period 9: 1980-Present Political and Foreign Policy Adjustments in a Globalized World Topic 9.1 Contextualizing Period 9 Topic 9.2 Reagan, Conservatism, and Partisan Divisions Topic 9.3 The End of the Cold War Topic 9.4 A Changing Economy Topic 9.5 Migration and Immigration in the 1990s and 2000s Topic 9.6 Challenges of the 21st Century Topic 9.7 Subject to Debate

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    Practice Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Key Answers and Explanations PRACTICE TESTS Practice Test 1 Answer Key Answers and Explanations Scoring the Test Practice Test 2 Answer Key Answers and Explanations Scoring the Test

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    Copyright © 2020, 2018, 2016, 2014, 2012 by Kaplan, Inc., d/b/a Barron’s Educational Series All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the non-exclusive, non-transferable right to access and read the text of this eBook on screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, downloaded, decompiled, reverse engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of the publisher. Published by Kaplan, Inc., d/b/a Barron’s Educational Series 750 Third Avenue New York, NY 10017 www.barronseduc.com ISBN: 978-1-5062-7095-1 Study

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    About the Author Eugene V. Resnick has taught in the Social Studies Department at Midwood High School in Brooklyn, New York, over 28 years; he has taught AP United States History for 20 of those years. He received a Master’s degree in United States History from Brooklyn College. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to extend my gratitude to Sharone David for her invaluable editorial assistance and guidance, to Mark Willner, Joe Peters, and Danielle Shapiro for their assistance with this project, and to my colleagues, past and present, at Midwood High School, who have provided me with advice, feedback, and inspiration. In addition, | would like to thank the many students who have taken my Advanced Placement United States History class; I have learned much from them. Finally, many thanks to the staff at Barron’s Educational Series. | am deeply indebted to Stuart Murray and John Evans for their excellent copyediting work, and to the outstanding editorial work of Peter Mavrikis, Kristen Girardi, and Christine Ricketts. This book is dedicated to two excellent teachers, my sisters, Naomi Schwartz and Ruth Resnick Johnson.

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    Barron’s Essential 5 As you review the content in this book and work toward earning that 5 on your AP U.S. HISTORY exam, here are five things that you MUST know above everything else. .. How to think like a historian. The questions on the AP U.S. History exam are all built around historical thinking skills and reasoning processes. The College Board has identified six historical thinking skills and three reasoning processes that are central to the exam and to the broader field of history. The six skills—developments and processes, sourcing and situation, claims and evidence in sources, contextualization, making connections, and argumentation—encourage you to develop the habits of mind required for a critical examination of the past. The three reasoning processes—comparison, causation, and continuity and change—focus on constructing and evaluating historical arguments about the past. These skills and processes encourage students to go beyond memorization and to engage with the past in complex and sophisticated ways. '. How to read documents. Documents are the building blocks of history and are central to the AP exam. All of the multiple-choice questions and the short-answer questions are built around primary or secondary documents. In addition, the document-based essay question asks you to analyze a series of documents as you construct a response to the question. Focus on how documents relate to the question and on how documents often relate to one another. Remember that historical

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    documents contain a point of view. You should be able to read a diary entry, a newspaper article, a speech, or an argument by a historian and ascertain the point of view and intent of the author. i. Themes of growth and conflict in American history. The rapid growth of the United States—territorially, economically, and demographically— is unprecedented in world history. On the one hand, this growth decimated Native American cultures; on the other, the nation has provided a haven for immigrants. The territorial growth of the country— inspired by the spirit of “manifest destiny” —intensified the debate over slavery in the antebellum period. The series of compromises over expansion eventually unraveled and helped bring about the Civil War. The economic and territorial growth of the United States continued in the period following the Spanish-American War, as the United States joined the other imperialist powers of the world. Be familiar with the causes of American expansion as well as the profound impacts. I. The changing nature of the American experiment in democracy. The United States had made major contributions to the literature and the practice of modern representative government. However, be aware that democracy did not emerge fully formed with the birth of the nation. Americans have struggled over the meaning of democracy throughout American history. Abigail Adams encouraged her husband, John, to “remember the ladies” at the time of the creation of the United States. Slavery and the “Jim Crow” system excluded African Americans from the American experiment in democracy. The civil rights movement struggled to fully include African Americans in the democratic system. These conflicts over the meaning of democracy are crucial to understanding the evolution of the United States. i. The dynamic nature of history. Traditional historians saw history as

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    unidirectional—emanating from the minds and priorities of the elites in society. More recently, historians have seen events as part of a more dynamic process. Social and cultural historians have explored “history from below.” As you study, look for such connections and interactions in history. For instance, while it is important to remember that President Lyndon Johnson endorsed and pushed for passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, you should be able to connect that with the growth of the grassroots civil rights movement, with the violent backlash against the movement, with shifts within the major political parties, and with the dynamics of the Cold War. Historical events do not occur in isolation of one another. Therefore, memorizing discrete events in American history is not sufficient for success on the AP exam.

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    PART ONE INTRODUCTION

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