General Science Knowledge Part 1
This flashcard set provides concise answers to fundamental science questions across astronomy, biology, chemistry, physics, and Earth science. It’s ideal for quick review or test preparation for students and enthusiasts.
What is the Kuiper belt?
a region of the solar system beginning just beyond the orbit of Neptune that contains many icy comets
Key Terms
What is the Kuiper belt?
a region of the solar system beginning just beyond the orbit of Neptune that contains many icy comets
What organ produces bile?
liver
What is the name of the two largest veins in the body
vena cavae
In the metric system the basic unit of length is the
Meter
What type of star is the sun
yellow dwarf
When light bends due to passing through a medium, this bending is referred to as _________
Refraction
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is the Kuiper belt? | a region of the solar system beginning just beyond the orbit of Neptune that contains many icy comets |
What organ produces bile? | liver |
What is the name of the two largest veins in the body | vena cavae |
In the metric system the basic unit of length is the | Meter |
What type of star is the sun | yellow dwarf |
When light bends due to passing through a medium, this bending is referred to as _________ | Refraction |
Define capillaries | The smallest blood vessels, which deliver oxygenated blood to the body's tissues |
Identify the value and abbreviation of Deka | base times 10, symbolized by da |
The hottest and uppermost layer of Earth's atmosphere is the ________ | Mantle |
Define Trachea | The windpipe--the passageway from the throat to the lungs |
which blood type is the universal donor | O |
Above the stratosphere is the | Mesosphere |
What role do ribosomes play in eukaryotic cells? | Produces protein |
Variants of genes is known as | alleles |
Our solar system's asteroid belt lies between the orbits of | Mars and Jupiter |
A lunar eclipse occurs when | Earth passes between the moon and the sun. |
What does DNA stand for | Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid |
Absolute zero expressed in Degrees celsius is | -273 C |
Define atomic mass | Number of protons and neutrons |
Define the abbreviation of Hecto | Base x 100 |
Scurvy is the lack of what nutrient? | Vitamin C |
Liquids are effective at transmitting force because they are difficult to | Compress |
What does torque measure | how much a force is able to cause an object to rotate |
Torque is directly proportional to _____ and _____. | force and distance |
What is the advantage of a pulley | it enables someone to lift with a downward force |
How is gear ratio determined? | Larger gear teeth number with smaller gear |
Is strep throat caused by a bacterium or a virus | bacteria |
Small objects that enter the earth's surface and burn up creating a visible bright streak in a night sky is called | meteors |
Can light travel through a vacuum? | Yes |
A recessive trait is displayed in an organism only if | If both alleles have the recessive trait |
When light reflects off a surface, the angle of __________ is equal to the angle of ______________ | Incidence, reflection |
______ rock is formed when mineral deposits, such as those carried by a river, harden over time | Sedimentary |
In a third class lever, where is the fulcrum and where is the force applied | The fulcrum is positioned near one end of the lever, and an upward force is applied to the middle of the lever. |
What unit is used to express torque | newton meter or the foot pound |
What unit is used to express kinetic or potential energy, and what does that unit represent? | Joules, Kg x m^2 / s^2 |
Is torque directly or inversely proportional to the distance from the center of rotation to the point where the force acts? | Directly |
Define sublimation | solid to gas |
What are some minerals that are required for proper nutrition | calcium, magnesium and iron |
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called | Mitosis |
Define Genotype | genetic makeup of an organism |
Gametes are called | haploids |
Identify the value and abbreviation of this metric system prefix: Kilo | Base x 1000 |
each row of the periodic table is called a(n) _________ | Period |
When an acid reacts with a base, what compounds are formed? | Water and Salt |
are animals that eat other organisms | consumers |
rock is formed when existing rock material is altered by changes in temperature, pressure, or other processes | Metamorphic |
a ______ is used to increase or decrease voltage in a circuit | Transformer |
Induction is measured in ___. | Henries |
If multiple loads are connected in a series circuit, how is the overall resistance of the circuit calculated? | Rtot = R1 + R2 + R3 |
Define electrical power | Electrical power is the amount of energy delivered to and used by an electric circuit |
A _____ is used to raise or lower current in a circuit | Resistor |
A ______ is a thing wire that melts when current exceeds a certain amount | Fuse |
If one battery's terminal supplies greater voltage than that of another battery, the first battery terminal has more | Electrons |
Resistance is measured in | Ohms |
Voltage and current are directly/indirectly proportional | Directly |
aside from oxyacetylene welding, the other major type of welding is ________ | Electric arc welding |
______ pliers are used for cutting and bending heavy-gauge wire | Lineman |
Locking pliers are also known as | vise-grip pliers |
binding surfaces together with a molten metal alloy is called | soldering |
A ____ saw is used for making fine, straight cuts | back saw |
which are used for finer finishing ---- rasps or files? | Files |
What type of screwdriver would be used with a screw with this type of head? | Robertson screwdriver |
What type of saw is used for cutting metal? | hacksaw |
_______ calipers measure the exterior dimensions of an object; ________ calipers measure interior dimensions | Outside, Inside |
Oxyacetylene welding uses a torch fueled by a mixture of ______ and _______ | Oxygen and Acetylene |
_________ protect other car parts from the energy produced by the up and down movement of the wheels | Shock absorbers |
the high-voltage winding in a car's ignition system is called the _______ | Secondary coil winding |
What does a crankshaft do? | A crankshaft converts the linear motion of the piston into rotary motion. |
Why is a coolant recovery reservoir necessary? | To capture overflow when the radiator pressure cap valve opens |
What are the two major types of engine cooling systems? | Air- cooling and water cooling |
The ____ is the main component of the charging system and converts mechanical energy into electrical energy | Alternator |
______ send data to a car's computer; ____ receive commands from a car's computer | Sensors; Actuators |
The AC electricity produced by the alternator is converted to DC by the _______ | rectifier |
What happens in an engine's oil pain | Oil drips from various engine parts into the pan and gets picked up by the oil tube and sent back to the oil pump |
What is the common distinction between screw and a bolt? | A screw has a round head and indentation and a bolt has a square head |
________ thread onto bolts to clamp assemblies together. | Nuts |
The UNC and UNF classifications define fasteners based on which measure? | Number of threads per inch |
A hacksaw is made to cut on the ______ stroke. | forward |
Why is the diameter of a fastener critical to a task? | Determines the size of the hole |
Before soldering an electrical connection, it is wise to make a(n) ________ connection. | Mechanical connection |