COMPTIA A+ COMPLETE study GUIDE core 1 exam 220-1101 and core 2 exam 220-1102. (2022)

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CompleteStudyGuideFifthEditionQuentinDocterJonBuhagiar

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Copyright©2022byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Allrightsreserved.PublishedbyJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,Hoboken,NewJersey.PublishedsimultaneouslyinCanadaandtheUnitedKingdom.ISBN:978-1-119-86291-8ISBN:978-1-119-86293-2(ebk.)ISBN:978-1-119-86292-5(ebk.)Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,scanning,orotherwise,exceptaspermittedunderSection107or108ofthe1976UnitedStatesCopyrightAct,withouteitherthepriorwrittenpermissionofthePublisher,orauthorizationthroughpaymentoftheappropriateper-copyfeetotheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,(978)750-8400,fax(978)750-4470,oronthewebatvwcopyright.com.RequeststothePublisherforpermissionshouldbeaddressedtothePermissionsDepartment,JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,111RiverStreet,Hoboken,NJ07030,(201)748-6011,fax(201)748-6008,oronlineatwww.wiley.com/go/permission.LimitofLiability/DisclaimerofWarranty:Thepublisherandtheauthormakenorepresentationsorwarrantieswithrespecttotheaccuracyorcompletenessofthecontentsofthisworkandspecificallydisclaimallwarranties,includingwithoutlimitationwarrantiesoffitnessforaparticularpurpose.Nowarrantymaybecreatedorextendedbysalesorpromotionalmaterials.Theadviceandstrategiescontainedhereinmaynotbesuitableforeverysituation.Thisworkissoldwiththeunderstandingthatthepublisherisnoengagedinrenderinglegal,accounting,orotherprofessionalservices.Ifprofessionalassistanceisrequired,theservicesofacompetentprofessionalpersonshouldbesought.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorshallbeliablefordamagesarisingherefrom.ThefactthatanorganizationorWebsiteisreferredtointhisworkasacitationand/orapotentialsourceoffurtherinformationdoesnotmeanthattheauthororthepublisherendorsestheinformationtheorganizationorWebsitemayprovideorrecommendationsitmaymake.Further,readersshouldbeawaretheInternetWebsiteslistedinthisworkmayhavechangedordisappearedbetweenwhenthisworkwaswrittenandwhenitisread.Forgeneralinformationonourotherproductsandservicesorfortechnicalsupport,pleasecontactourCustomerCareDepartmentwithintheUnitedStatesat(800)762-2974,outsidetheUnitedStatesat(317)572-3993orfax(317)572-4002.Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynotbeavailableinelectronicformats.FormoreinformationaboutWileyproducts,visitourwebsiteatwww.wiLey.com.LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2022931863TRADEMARKS:WILEY,theWileylogo,Sybex,andtheSybexlogoaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksofJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.and/oritsaffiliates,intheUnitedStatesandothercountries,andmaynotbeusedwithoutwrittenpermission.CompTIAandA+areregisteredtrademarksofCompTIA,Inc.Allothertrademarksarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveowners.JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.isnotassociatedwithanyproductorvendormentionedinthisbook.Coverimage:©GettyImagesInc./JeremyWoodhouseCoverdesign:WileyStudy

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Formygirls.—QuentinDocterFormywifeandson.—JonBubagiar1StudyX

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AcknowledgmentsAswewereputtingtogetherthisbook,Iwasremindedoftheproverbthatbegins“Ittakesavillage...”Thatbeginningdefinitelyholdstrueforcreatingabookofthisscopeandsize.Frombeginningtoend,scoresofdedicatedprofessionalshavefocusedondeliveringthebestbookpossibletoyou,thereaders.First,Ineedtothankmycoauthor,JonBuhagiar.Iappreciatehimdivinginanddedi-catinghimselftohelpingtoproduceanexcellentbook.Ialsoneedtogivespecialthankstoourtechnicaleditor,ChrisCrayton.Hewasmeticulousandthorough,andchallengedmetoalwaysfindnewandbetterwaystocommunicatecomplexconcepts.Hisentirefocuswasonprovidingthebesttrainingmaterialpossible,andIdoubtthere’sbetterinthebusiness.Now,ontotherestoftheteam.KenyonBrownandKimWimpsettkeptusontrackandmovingforward,whichwasachallengeattimes.SaravananDakshinamurthyhadthefunjobofkeepingusorganized,whichisakintoherdingcats.CopyeditorElizabethWelchremindedmeyetagainthatIamnomasteroftheEnglishlanguageandsavedmefrombutcheringit(toobadly).Manythanksalsogoouttoourproofreader,ArielleGuy,andourindexer,TomDinse.Withouttheirgreatcontributions,thisbookwouldnothavemadeitintoyourhands.Onapersonalnote,Ineedtothankmyfamily.Mygirlsareallincrediblysupportive.Unfortunately,bookwritingasasidehustlewhileholdingdownafull-timejobtakesupalotoftime.Ienduphidinginmyofficealot,butthey’realwaysthereforme,andIcouldn’doitwithoutthem.Anotherhugethanksgoestomylategrandpa,Joe,whogotmeintocomputersandtaughtmesomanylessonsIwillneverbeabletorepay.Finally,thankstomyfriendswhokeepmerelativelysane—Sean,Kurtis,Tim,John,Cory,andothers—andlaughatmewhenItellthemIspentmyweekendwritingaboutthelaserprinterimagingprocess.—QuentinDocterIwouldliketofirstthankmycoauthor,QuentinDocter.Throughoutthewritingofthisbook,hehelpedmewithhisinsightandhisexpertiseinwritingtechnicalbooks.Withouthiswordsofwisdomandguidance,thisbookwouldnotbetheproductitstandstobe.Iwouldalsoliketogivespecialthankstoourtechnicaleditor,ChrisCrayton.Histhoroughreviewofthematerialhelpedtoidentifymanyareasforustoelaborateonandpolish.Iwouldalsoliketothankthemanypeoplewhomadethisbookpossible:KenyonBrownatWileyPublishing,forgivingmetheopportunitytowritethisbookandworkwiththiswonderfulteam;KimWimpsett,forkeepingusontrackduringthewritingprocess;Chris-tineO’Connor,whoalsokeptusontrackandorganizedduringthepublishingprocess;andourcopyeditor,LizWelch,forhelpingmeuseproperEnglish.I'dalsoliketothankthemanyotherpeopleI'venevermetbutwhoworkedbehindthescenestomakethisbookasuccess.Duringthewritingofthisbook,manyothersinmylifesupportedme,andI'dliketotakethisopportunitytothankthemaswell.Firstandforemost,thankstomywifeandsonfortheirsupportduringthemanyeveningsandweekendsspentinmyofficeatthecomputer.Finally,thankstomyfriendandcoworker,Bill,forencouragingmedailywithhisinsightandjokes,aswellastoallmyothercoworkersandfriends.Thankyou.—JonBuhagiar

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AbouttheAuthorsQuentinDocter(A+,Network+,ITFundamentals+,CloudEssentials+,MCSE,CCNA,SCSA)isanITconsultantwhostartedintheindustryin1994.Sincethen,he’sworkedasatechandnetworksupportspecialist,trainer,consultant,andwebmaster.HehaswrittenmorethanadozenbooksforSybex,includingbooksonA+,ITFundamentals+,CloudEssentials+,Server+,Windows,andSolaris9certifications,aswellasPChardwareandmaintenance.JonBuhagiar(Network+,A+,CCNA,MCSA,MCSE,BS/ITM)isaninformationtechnologyprofessionalwithtwodecadesofexperienceinhighereducation.Duringthepast22yearshehasbeenresponsiblefornetworkoperationsatPittsburghTechnicalCollegeandhasledseveralprojects,suchasvirtualization(serveranddesktop),VoIP,Microsoft365,andmanyotherprojectssupportingthequalityofeducationatthecollege.Hehasachievedseveralcer-tificationsfromCisco,CompTIA,andMicrosoft,andhastaughtmanyofthecertificationpaths.Heistheauthorofseveralbooks,includingSybex’sCompTIANetwork+ReviewGuide:ExamN10-008(2021)andCCNACertificationPracticeTests:Exam200-301(2020).AbouttheTechnicalEditorChrisCraytonisatechnicalconsultant,trainer,author,andindustryleadingtechnicaleditor.Hehasworkedasacomputertechnologyandnetworkinginstructor,informationsecuritydirector,networkadministrator,networkengineer,andPCspecialist.ChrishasauthoredseveralprintandonlinebooksonPCrepair,CompTIAA+,CompTIASecurity+,andMicrosoftWindows.Hehasalsoservedastechnicaleditorandcontentcontributoronnumeroustechnicaltitlesforseveraloftheleadingpublishingcompanies.Heholdsnumerousindustrycertifications,hasbeenrecognizedwithmanyprofessionalandteachingawards,andhasservedasastate-levelSkillsUSAfinalcompetitionjudge.

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ContentsataGlanceIntroductionxxviiAssessmentTestIxxxiiPart|220-11011Chapter1Motherboards,Processors,andMemory3Chapter2ExpansionCards,StorageDevices,andPowerSupplies79Chapter3Peripherals,Cables,andConnectors139Chapter4PrintersandMultifunctionDevices191Chapter5NetworkingFundamentals269Chapter6IntroductiontoTCP/IP333Chapter7WirelessandSOHONetworks379Chapter8NetworkServices,Virtualization,andCloudComputing457Chapter9LaptopandMobileDeviceHardware523Chapter10MobileConnectivityandApplicationSupport591Chapter11TroubleshootingMethodologyandResolvingCoreHardwareProblems675Chapter12HardwareandNetworkTroubleshooting717PartII220-1102815Chapter13OperatingSystemBasics817Chapter14WindowsConfiguration879Chapter15WindowsAdministration977Chapter16WorkingwithmacOSandLinux1057Chapter17SecurityConcepts1115Chapter18SecuringOperatingSystems1195Chapter19TroubleshootingOperatingSystemsandSecurity1271Chapter20ScriptingandRemoteAccess1347

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xContentsataGlanceChapter21SafetyandEnvironmentalConcerns1393Chapter22DocumentationandProfessionalism1453AppendixAAnswerstotheReviewQuestions1515AppendixBAnswerstoPerformance-BasedQuestions1561Index1581T=StudyX

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ContentsIntroductionxxviiAssessmentTestIxxxiiPart|220-11011Chapter1Motherboards,Processors,andMemory3UnderstandingMotherboards7MotherboardFormFactors7SystemBoardComponents10UnderstandingProcessors42CPUArchitecture43CPUCharacteristics45UnderstandingMemory49ImportantMemoryTerms50TypesofMemory54MemoryPackaging59UnderstandingCoolingSystems63Fans63MemoryCooling66HardDriveCooling67ChipsetCooling67CPUCooling67Summary71ExamEssentials71ReviewQuestions73Performance-BasedQuestion177Performance-BasedQuestion278Chapter2ExpansionCards,StorageDevices,andPowerSupplies79InstallingandConfiguringExpansionCards81Video82Multimedia83NetworkInterfaceCard85Input/Output87AdapterConfiguration88UnderstandingStorageDevices89HardDiskDriveSystems90Solid-StateDrives96

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xiiContentsRAID104RemovableStorageandMedia107Installing,Removing,andConfiguringStorageDevices114UnderstandingPowerSupplies118PowerSupplyInput119PowerSupplyOutputandRatings120PowerConnectors121ModularPowerSupplies125RedundantPowerSupplies126ReplacingPowerSupplies129ACAdaptersasPowerSupplies130Summary131ExamEssentials131ReviewQuestions133Performance-BasedQuestion137Chapter3Peripherals,Cables,andConnectors139UnderstandingCablesandConnectors140VideoDevices141AudioDevices154InputandOutputDevices156StorageDevices159UnderstandingCablesandConnectors160PeripheralCablesandConnectors160SerialPorts169VideoCablesandConnectors170HardDriveCablesandConnectors178Summary184ExamEssentials185ReviewQuestions186Performance-BasedQuestion190Chapter4PrintersandMultifunctionDevices191UnderstandingPrintTechnologiesandImagingProcesses193ImpactPrinters194InkjetPrinters196LaserPrinters205ThermalPrinters2173DPrinters218InstallingandMaintainingPrinters223PrinterInterfaceComponents224InstallingandSharingLocalPrinters229InstallingandSharingNetworkedPrinters241

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ContentsxiiiPerformingPrinterMaintenance251InstallingPrinterUpgrades257Summary262ExamEssentials262ReviewQuestions264Performance-BasedQuestion268Chapter5NetworkingFundamentals269UnderstandingNetworkingPrinciples271NetworkTypes272PrimaryNetworkComponents279NetworkOperatingSystems283NetworkResourceAccess283NetworkTopologies286RulesofCommunication290IdentifyingCommonNetworkHardware295NetworkInterfaceCards295CablesandConnectors299NetworkingComponents314Summary324ExamEssentials324ReviewQuestions327Performance-BasedQuestion331Chapter6IntroductiontoTCP/IP333UnderstandingTCP/IP335TCP/IPStructure336UnderstandingIPAddressing346UnderstandingDHCPandDNS356IPvée365UnderstandingVirtualNetworks368VirtualLocalAreaNetworks368VirtualPrivateNetworks370Summary372ExamEssentials372ReviewQuestions374Performance-BasedQuestion378Chapter7WirelessandSOHONetworks379UnderstandingWirelessNetworkingTechnologies381802.11NetworkingStandards382BluetoothNetworking393Long-RangeFixedWireless396RadioFrequencyNetworkingStandards398

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xivContentsInstallingandConfiguringSOHONetworks402KeystoPlanningaNetwork402ChoosinganInternetConnection404ChoosingInternalNetworkConnections418InstallingtheNetworkInfrastructure422ConfiguringWirelessRoutersandAccessPoints433Summary449ExamEssentials449ReviewQuestions451Performance-BasedQuestion455Chapter8NetworkServices,Virtualization,andCloudComputing457UnderstandingNetworkServices459ServerRoles460InternetAppliances473Legacy/EmbeddedSystems480InternetofThingsDevices482UnderstandingVirtualizationandCloudComputing487ConceptsofCloudComputing488ConceptsofVirtualization499Summary515ExamEssentials516ReviewQuestions518Performance-BasedQuestion522Chapter9LaptopandMobileDeviceHardware523WorkingwithLaptopandMobileDeviceHardware526UnderstandingtheDifferencesbetweenDeviceTypes526DisassemblingandReassemblingLaptops531InstallingandConfiguringLaptopHardware535SettingUpandConfiguringAccessoriesandPorts580Summary584ExamEssentials585ReviewQuestions586Performance-BasedQuestion590Chapter10MobileConnectivityandApplicationSupport591UnderstandingMobileConnectivity593UnderstandingCellularNetworkingStandards595UsingCellularDataConnections597EstablishingWi-FiConnectivity608EstablishingBluetoothConnectivity622UnderstandingMobileAppSupport635UnderstandingLocationServices635UnderstandingMobileDeviceandAppManagement641

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ContentsxvConfiguringMobileDeviceSynchronization654SyncingAndroidDevices666Summary668ExamEssentials668ReviewQuestions670Performance-BasedQuestion674Chapter11TroubleshootingMethodologyandResolvingCoreHardwareProblems675UsingtheTroubleshootingBestPracticeMethodology678Step1:IdentifytheProblem678Step2:EstablishaTheory683Step3:TesttheTheory684Step4:EstablishaPlanofAction687Step5:VerifyFunctionality688Step6:DocumentFindings689TroubleshootingMotherboards,CPUs,RAM,andPowerProblems690IdentifyingGeneralHardwareSymptomsandCauses691IdentifyingBIOS/UEFIandPOSTRoutineProblems696IdentifyingMotherboardandCPUProblems700IdentifyingMemoryIssues702IdentifyingPowerSupplyProblems705Summary708ExamEssentials709ReviewQuestions711Performance-BasedQuestion715Chapter12HardwareandNetworkTroubleshooting717TroubleshootingStorageDrivesandRAIDArrays721LightsandSounds722DevicesNotFound723PerformanceIssues724S.M.A.R.T.Diagnostics725RAIDIssues729OpticalDriveIssues730TroubleshootingVideo,Projector,andDisplayIssues731VideoInputIssues731VideoImageProblems732OtherDisplayIssues735TroubleshootingCommonMobileDeviceIssues737PowerandHeatIssues738InputProblems741ConnectivityIssues743

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xviContentsPhysicalDamageandMalware748TroubleshootingPrinterProblems751ImpactPrinterProblems752InkjetPrinterProblems755LaserPrinterProblems759ManagingPrintJobs772TroubleshootingNetworkingProblems779UsingNetworkTroubleshootingTools779ResolvingConnectivityIssues799Summary806ExamEssentials806ReviewQuestions809Performance-BasedQuestion813PartIl220-1102815Chapter13OperatingSystemBasics817UnderstandingOperatingSystems819OperatingSystemTermsandConcepts821OperatingSystems823MinimumSystemRequirements828UnderstandingApplications830SystemRequirementsforApplications830ApplicationInstallation832SecurityConsiderations835OtherConsiderationsforNewApplications835IntroductiontoWindows10836WindowsEditions836WindowsFeatures840TheWindowsInterface851What'sinaWindow?864FileManagement867PreparingfortheExam871Summary872ExamEssentials872ReviewQuestions874Performance-BasedQuestion878Chapter14WindowsConfiguration879InteractingwithOperatingSystems882TaskManager882MicrosoftManagementConsole888AdditionalTools899ControlPanel905

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ContentsxviiWindowsSettings937TheWindowsRegistry960DiskManagement962GettingDisksReadytoStoreFilesandPrograms963CheckingtheHealthofHardDisksandOptimizingTheirPerformance969Summary970ExamEssentials970ReviewQuestions972Performance-BasedQuestion976Chapter15WindowsAdministration977InstallingandUpgradingWindows980‘WindowsInstallationOptions982TheInstallationProcess984TheUpgradeProcess1002RepairInstallation1006RecoveryPartition1007Side-by-SideUpgradingWindows10/111007ImageDeployment1008UpgradingEditionsofWindows1008SecurityandFeatureUpdates1008Installation/UpgradeBootOptions1011Considerations1012Command-LineTools1013NetworkinginWindows1030NetworkingModels1030UserAuthentication1034EstablishingaNetworkConnection1036AccessingResources1041FirewallSettings1044ClientNetworkConfiguration1046Summary1050ExamEssentials1050ReviewQuestions1052Performance-BasedQuestion1056Chapter16WorkingwithmacOSandLinux1057macOSandLinux1060ApplicationsonmacOS1061InstallingApplicationsfromtheAppStore1061InstallingDownloadableApplications1062ManagingApplications1064CreatingShortcuts1065

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xviiiContentsBestPractices1065ScheduledBackups1065ScheduledDiskMaintenance1068SystemUpdates/AppStore1068PatchManagement1069Driver/FirmwareUpdates1070Antivirus/AntimalwareUpdates1071Tools1071SystemPreferences1073Features1082BasicLinuxCommands1087UnderstandingtheSyntaxofShellCommands1088DiscoveringandUsingLinuxCommands1089Becomingroot(SuperUser)1091MaintainingtheOperatingSystem1092ManagingProcesses1095DirectoryNavigation1097DirectoryListings1098ChangingPermissionsandOwnership1099WorkingwithFiles1100WorkingwithDirectories1103NetworkingUtilities1104GettingHelp1106LinuxandWindows1106Summary1108ExamEssentials1109ReviewQuestions1110Performance-BasedQuestion1114Chapter17SecurityConcepts1115PhysicalSecurityConcepts1121AccessControlVestibule1121BadgeReader1122VideoSurveillance1122MotionSensors1123AlarmSystem1124DoorLocks1124EquipmentLocks1125SecurityGuards1127Fences1127Bollards1128PhysicalSecurityforStaff1128

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ContentsxixKeyFobs1129SmartcardsandRFIDBadges1129Keys1130Biometrics1131Lighting1132Magnetometers1132LogicalSecurity1132PrincipleofLeastPrivilege1133AccessControlLists1133AuthenticationFactors1135MultifactorAuthentication1135MobileDeviceManagement(MDM)1137ActiveDirectory1138Malware1143Ransomware1144Trojans1144Keyloggers1145Rootkits1145Spyware1145Cryptominers1146Viruses1146VirusTransmissioninaNetwork1150Botnets1151Worms1151MitigatingSoftwareThreats1151Antivirus1152Antimalware1153RecoveryConsole1154End-UserEducation1154SoftwareFirewalls1156ReinstallingtheOS1158SocialEngineeringAttacks,Threats,andVulnerabilities1159Phishing1160ShoulderSurfing1161Tailgating1161Impersonation1162DumpsterDiving1162EvilTwin1162CommonSecurityThreats1163Denial-of-ServiceAttacks1163Zero-DayAttacks1165SpoofingAttacks1166

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xxContentsOn-PathAttack(PreviouslyKnownasMan-in-the-MiddleAttack)1167PasswordAttacks1167InsiderThreat1168SQLInjection1169Cross-SiteScripting(XSS)1169ExploitsandVulnerabilities1170NoncompliantSystems1170PatchingandUpdates1170OperatingSystemsLifeCycle1171UnprotectedSystems1171BYOD1171SecurityBestPractices1172DataEncryption1172SettingStrongPasswords1173RequiringPasswords1174PasswordExpiration1175End-UserBestPractices1176AccountManagement1177DisableAutoRun1181DestructionandDisposalMethods1183RecyclingorRepurposingBestPractices1183PhysicalDestruction1185Summary1187ExamEssentials1187ReviewQuestions1190Performance-BasedQuestion1194Chapter18SecuringOperatingSystems1195WorkingwithWindowsOSSecuritySettings1199UsersandGroups1199UserAuthentication1203NTFSvs.SharePermissions1208SharedFilesandFolders1215SystemFilesandFolders1218WindowsSecurityFeatures1220‘WebBrowserSecurity1228BrowserDownloadandInstallation1228ExtensionsandPlug-ins1230CredentialsManagers1232SecureDataTransfers1233Settings1234SecuringaSOHONetwork(Wireless)1239ChangingDefaultUsernamesandPasswords1240

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ContentsxxiChangingtheSSID1240GuestNetworkIsolation1240SettingEncryption1241DisablingSSIDBroadcast1242WirelessMACFiltering1242Frequencies1243RadioPowerLevels1244AntennaandAccessPointPlacement1245AssignStaticIPAddresses1245WPS1246Authentication1246SecuringaSOHONetwork(Wired)1247ChangingDefaultCredentials1247UpgradingFirmware1248Filtering1248DHCP1252PhysicalSecurity1252MobileDeviceSecurity1253ScreenLocks1254RemoteWipesandLocatorApplications1256RemoteBackup1258FailedLoginAttemptsRestrictions1258VirusesandMalwareonMobileDevices1259OperatingSystemUpdates1260Full-DeviceEncryption1260MultifactorAuthentication1260AuthenticatorApplications1261Firewalls1261PoliciesandProcedures1261IoTConsiderations1263Summary1263ExamEssentials1264ReviewQuestions1265Performance-BasedQuestion1269Chapter19TroubleshootingOperatingSystemsandSecurity1271TroubleshootingCommonMicrosoftWindowsOSProblems~~1275CommonSymptoms1275CommonTroubleshootingSteps1297TroubleshootingSecurityIssues1309CommonSymptoms1310Browser-RelatedSymptoms1315BestPracticesforMalwareRemoval13181.IdentifyandVerifyMalwareSymptoms1318

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xxiiContents2.QuarantineInfectedSystems13193.DisableSystemRestoreinWindows13204.RemediateInfectedSystems13215.ScheduleScansandRunUpdates13236.EnableSystemRestoreandCreateaRestorePointinWindows13247.EducatetheEndUser1325TroubleshootingMobileOSIssues1325ApplicationProblems1325PerformanceIssues1327OSFailstoUpdate1329ExtremelyShortBatteryLife1330ConnectivityIssues1331AutorotateIssues1334TroubleshootingMobileSecurityIssues1335SecurityConcerns1336CommonSymptoms1338Summary1341ExamEssentials1342ReviewQuestions1343Performance-BasedQuestion1346Chapter20ScriptingandRemoteAccess1347Scripting1349ScriptingBasics1351ScriptingLanguages1355ScriptingUseCases1366ScriptConsiderations1373RemoteAccess1375RemoteDesktopProtocol1375VirtualPrivateNetwork(VPN)1376VirtualNetworkComputing1379Telnet1379SecureShell1380RemoteMonitoringandManagement1381RemoteAccessTools1382SecurityConsiderations1387Summary1387ExamEssentials1388ReviewQuestions1389Performance-BasedQuestion1392Chapter21SafetyandEnvironmentalConcerns1393UnderstandingSafetyProcedures1395IdentifyingPotentialSafetyHazards1395CreatingaSafeWorkplacea

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ContentsiiUnderstandingEnvironmentalControls1417ManagingthePhysicalEnvironment1418HandlingandDisposingofComputerEquipment1424UnderstandingPolicies,Licensing,andPrivacy1433DealingwithProhibitedContent/Activity1434IncidentResponse1435ManagingSoftwareLicenses1440ManagingSensitiveInformation1443Summary1446ExamEssentials1446ReviewQuestions1448Performance-BasedQuestion1452Chapter22DocumentationandProfessionalism1453DocumentationandSupport1457TicketingSystems1458AssetManagement1462CommonDocumentation1466KnowledgeBase/Articles1475ChangeManagementBestPractices1476DisasterPreventionandRecovery1482DataBackups1483BatteryBackup/UPS1489PowerGenerators1490SurgeProtection1491AccountRecoveryOptions1492DemonstratingProfessionalism1494ProfessionalAppearance1495CommunicatingwithCustomers1496UsingAppropriateBehavior1500PuttingItAllinPerspective1507Summary1508ExamEssentials1508ReviewQuestions1510Performance-BasedQuestion1514AppendixAAnswerstotheReviewQuestions1515Chapter1:Motherboards,Processors,andMemory1516Chapter2:ExpansionCards,StorageDevices,andPowerSupplies1518Chapter3:Peripherals,Cables,andConnectors1520Chapter4:PrintersandMultifunctionDevices1521Chapter5:NetworkingFundamentals1523Chapter6:IntroductiontoTCP/IP1525Chapter7:WirelessandSOHONetworks1527Chapter8:NetworkServices,Virtualization,andCloudComputing2

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xxivContentsChapter9:LaptopandMobileDeviceHardware1531Chapter10:MobileConnectivityandApplicationSupport1533Chapter11:TroubleshootingMethodologyandResolvingCoreHardwareProblems1535Chapter12:HardwareandNetworkTroubleshooting1537Chapter13:OperatingSystemBasics1539Chapter14:WindowsConfiguration1540Chapter15:WindowsAdministration1543Chapter16:WorkingwithmacOSandLinux1545Chapter17:SecurityConcepts1547Chapter18:SecuringOperatingSystems1549Chapter19:TroubleshootingOperatingSystemsandSecurity1551Chapter20:ScriptingandRemoteAccess1554Chapter21:SafetyandEnvironmentalConcerns1556Chapter22:DocumentationandProfessionalism1558AppendixBAnswerstoPerformance-BasedQuestions1561Chapter1:Motherboards,Processors,andMemory1562Chapter2:ExpansionCards,StorageDevices,andPowerSupplies1563Chapter3:Peripherals,Cables,andConnectors1563Chapter4:PrintersandMultifunctionDevices1564Chapter5:NetworkingFundamentals1565Chapter6:IntroductiontoTCP/IP1566Chapter7:WirelessandSOHONetworks1566Chapter8:NetworkServices,Virtualization,andCloudComputing1567Chapter9:LaptopandMobileDeviceHardware1568Chapter10:MobileConnectivityandApplicationSupport1568Chapter11:TroubleshootingMethodologyandResolvingCoreHardwareProblems1569Chapter12:HardwareandNetworkTroubleshooting1569Chapter13:OperatingSystemBasics1570Chapter14:WindowsConfiguration1570Chapter15:WindowsAdministration1571Chapter16:WorkingwithmacOSandLinux1575Chapter17:SecurityConcepts1577Chapter18:SecuringOperatingSystems1577Chapter19:TroubleshootingOperatingSystemsandSecurity1578Chapter20:ScriptingandRemoteAccess1578Chapter21:SafetyandEnvironmentalConcerns1579Chapter22:DocumentationandProfessionalism1579Index1581

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TableofExercisesExercise2.1RemovinganInternalStorageDevice.............................115Exercise2.2InstallinganInternalStorageDevice..............................116Exercise2.3RemovingaPowerSupply...............ooiiieeeeiiiinaaa....130Exercise3.1ChangingtheRefreshRateinWindows10.........................143Exercise3.2ChangingtheSettingsforMultipleMonitors.......................148Exercise4.1IdentifyingthePartsofanInkjetPrinter...........................203Exercise4.2InstallingaUSBPrinterinWindows10............................239Exercise4.3InstallingaTCP/IPPrinterinWindows10...........................242Exercise4.4DeterminingifBonjourIsInstalledinWindows.....................244Exercise4.5ScanningaDocumenttoGoogleDrive............................250Exercise4.6UsinganInkjetCleaningSolution................................255Exercise4.7InstallingMemoryintoaLaserPrinter............................258Exercise5.1PricingNetworkCables.........................................313Exercise7.1TheCostofNetworking...................ooiiiiinan.......422Exercise7.2InstallinganInternalNICinWindows10...........................422Exercise8.1ConfiguringWindows10toUseaProxyServer.....................477Exercise8.2UsingGoogle'sCloudServices.....................oooonn......497Exercise8.3EnablingHyper-VinWindows10.................................503Exercise8.4InstallingVirtualBoxandLubuntuonWindows10...................508Exercise9.1RemovingSpeakersfromaLaptop...............................536Exercise9.2RemovingtheDisplayAssembly.................................544Exercise9.3RemovingtheDisplayPanel.....................................546Exercise9.4RemovingtheMotherboardfromaLaptop.........................549Exercise9.5ReplacingLaptopMemory....................ccoeeeeuuun.....553Exercise9.6RemovinganM.2SSDfromalaptop.............................557Exercise9.7RemovingaLaptopKeyboard...................................560Exercise9.8DisablingaTouchpadinWindows10..............................563Exercise9.9RemovinganInternalLaptopBattery.............................568Exercise9.10RemovingtheSystemFan......................................572Exercise9.11RemovingtheCPUHeatSink....................................573Exercise9.12RemovingtheWirelessNIC.....................................574Exercise9.13RemovingtheCMOSBattery....................................575Exercise9.14FlashingtheSystemBIOS......................................576Exercise10.1ConnectinganiPhonetoaWi-FiNetwork..........................609Exercise10.2ConnectinganAndroidPhonetoaWi-FiNetwork...................61Exercise10.3DisablingCellularUseforDataNetworkingonaniPhone............614Exercise10.4DisablingCellularUseforDataNetworkinginAndroidOS............616

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xviTableofExercisesExercise10.5SettingUpaVPNinAndroid.....................................619Exercise10.6PairinganAndroidDevicewithaWindowsLaptop..................623Exercise10.7PairinganiPhonewithaVehicle'sSoundSystem...................632Exercise10.8ConfiguringLocationServicesiniOS.............................638Exercise10.9EmailAccountConfigurationonaniPhone........................645Exercise10.10EmailAccountConfigurationinAndroid...........................648Exercise10.11EnablingActiveSynciniOS.....................................658Exercise11.1TroubleshootingPractice....................oooinininenn.....707Exercise12.1UsingaS.M.A.R.T.SoftwareUtilityinWindows.....................729Exercise12.2StoppingandRestartingthePrintSpoolerinWindows10............775Exercise12.3RenewinganIPAddressinWindows10...........................787Exercise12.4RenewinganIPAddressfromtheCommandLine...................789Exercise12.5UsingthenetshareCommandinWindows........................795Exercise13.1ChangingaScreenSaverinWindows.............................854Exercise13.2Auto-HidingtheTaskbar........................................856Exercise13.3StartingaProgramfromtheRunWindow.........................859Exercise14.1WorkingwithTaskManager.....................................887Exercise14.2WorkingwithPerformanceMonitor...............................896Exercise14.3ChangingtheTimeZone..................c.coovviiinaninan......908Exercise14.4ShowingHiddenFilesandFolders...............................913Exercise15.1Command-LineDirectoryManagement..........................10156Exercise15.2RunningchkdskwithinWindows...............................1025Exercise15.3RunningchkdskattheCommandLine..........................1026Exercise16.1InstallingApplicationsonmacOS...............................1063Exercise16.2UninstallingApplicationsonmacOS.............................1065Exercise16.3WorkingwithFiles............................00.0...1103Exercise17.1TestingYourAntimalware........................ooivinen....1153Exercise17.2TestingSocialENGINEering..................c.coveeeeeeo......1160Exercise18.1ExaminingaSecurityToken....................ooiniae.....1207Exercise18.2ExaminingFilePermissions.............................0..0....1214Exercise18.3WorkingwithFileHashes......................................1230Exercise18.4SettingthePasscodeLockonaniPhone..........................1255Exercise18.5SettingthePasscodeLockonanAndroidPhone...................1255Exercise19.1ReviewingReliabilityMonitor...................................1288Exercise19.2ManuallyCreatingaRestorePointinWindows....................1304Exercise20.1CreatingandRunningaWindowsBatchScript....................1356Exercise20.2CreatingYourFirstPowerShellScript............................1360Exercise21.1FindingTripHazards...........................ooiiie..1413Exercise21.2FindingMSDSs................ooiiiiiiiiiiiiiia.....1425Exercise22.1UnderstandingPunctuality..................cc...iExercise22.2sasssomaane1(——

COMPTIA A+ COMPLETE study GUIDE core 1 exam 220-1101 and core 2 exam 220-1102. (2022) - Page 30 preview image

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IntroductionWelcometotheCompTIAA+CompleteStudyGuide.Thisisthefiftheditionofourbest-sellingstudyguidefortheA+certificationsponsoredbyCompTIA(ComputingTechnologyIndustryAssociation).Thankyouforchoosingustohelpyouonyourjourneytowardcertification!Thisbookiswrittenatanintermediatetechnicallevel;weassumethatyoualreadyknowhowtouseapersonalcomputeranditsbasicperipherals,suchasUSBdevicesandprinters,butwealsorecognizethatyoumaybelearninghowtoservicesomeofthatcomputerequipmentforthefirsttime.Theexamscoverbasiccomputerservicetopicsaswellasmoreadvancedissues,andtheycovertopicsthatanyonealreadyworkingasatechnicianshouldbefamiliarwith.Theexamsaredesignedtotestyouonthesetopicsinordertocertifythatyouhaveenoughknowledgetofixandupgradesomeofthemostwidelyusedtypesofpersonalcomputersandoperatingsystems.Inadditiontotheproseinthechapters,we'veincludedalotofextramaterialtohelpyourstudyprep.Attheendofeachchapterisalistofexamessentialstoknowaswellas20reviewquestionstogiveyouatasteofwhatit’sliketotaketheexams.Inaddition,thereareeightbonusexamsofatleast50questionseach.Finally,thereareflashcardsdesignedtohelpyourrecall.Beforeyoudiveintothose,though,werecommendyoutaketheassessmenttestattheendofthisintroductiontogaugeyourcurrentknowledgelevel.Don’tjuststudythequestionsandanswers—thequestionsontheactualexamswillbedifferentfromthepracticeonesincludedwiththisbook.Theexamsaredesignedtotestyourknowledgeofaconceptorobjective,sousethisbooktolearntheobjectivebehindthequestion.Thatsaid,we’reconfidentthatifyoucandowellonourquizzes,youwillbewellequippedtotaketherealexam.Thisbookcoversmorethanjusttheexams,however.Webelieveinprovidingourstu-dentswithafoundationofITknowledgethatwillpreparethemforrealjobs,notjusttopassatest.Afterall,lifeisnotamultiple-choicetestwiththeanswersclearlylaidoutinfrontofyou!ForexperiencedITprofessionals,youcanusethebooktofillinthegapsinyourcurrentcomputerserviceknowledge.Youmayfind,asmanyPCtechnicianshave,thatbeingwellversedinallthetechnicalaspectsofhardwareandoperatingsystemsisnotenoughtopro-videasatisfactorylevelofsupport—youmustalsohavecustomer-relationsskills,understandsafetyconcepts,andbefamiliarwithchangemanagementandenvironmentalimpactsandcontrols.Weincludehelpfulhintsinalloftheseareas.WhatIsA+Certification?TheA+certificationprogramwasdevelopedbyCompTIAtoprovideanindustry-widemeansofcertifyingthecompetencyofcomputerservicetechnicians.TheA+certificationisgrantedtothosewhohaveattainedthelevelofknowledgeandtroubleshootingskillsthat

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viiiIntroductionareneededtoprovidecapablesupportinthefieldofpersonalcomputers.Itissimilartoothercertificationsinthecomputerindustry,suchastheCiscoCertifiedTechnician(CCT)programandtheMicrosoftTechnologyAssociate(MTA)certificationprogram.Thetheorybehindthesecertificationsisthatifyouneedtohaveserviceperformedonanyoftheirprod-ucts,youwouldsoonercallatechnicianwhohasbeencertifiedinoneoftheappropriatecertificationprogramsthanjustcallthefirst“expert”inthephonebook.TheA+certificationprogramwascreatedtoofferawide-rangingcertification,inthesensethatitisintendedtocertifycompetencewithpersonalcomputersandmobiledevicesfrommanydifferentmakers/vendors.YoumustpasstwoteststobecomeA+certified:=TheCore1220-1101exam,whichcoversbasiccomputerconcepts,PChardware,basicnetworking,mobiledevices,andhardwaretroubleshooting=TheCore2220-1102exam,whichcoversoperatingsystems,security,softwaretrouble-shooting,andoperationalproceduresYoudon’thavetotakethe220-1101andthe220-1102examsatthesametime.How-ever,theA+certificationisnotawardeduntilyou'vepassedbothtests.WhyBecomeA+Certified?ThereareseveralgoodreasonstogetyourA+certification.TheCompTIACandidate’sInformationpacketlistsfivemajorbenefits:=Itdemonstratesproofofprofessionalachievement.=Itincreasesyourmarketability.=Itprovidesgreateropportunityforadvancementinyourfield.=Itisincreasinglyarequirementforsometypesofadvancedtraining.=Itraisescustomerconfidenceinyouandyourcompany’sservices.ProvidesProofofProfessionalAchievementTheA+certificationisastatussymbolinthecomputerserviceindustry.OrganizationsthatincludemembersofthecomputerserviceindustryrecognizethebenefitsofA+certificationandpushfortheirmemberstobecomecertified.Andmorepeopleeverydayareputtingthe“A+CertifiedTechnician”emblemontheirbusinesscards.IncreasesYourMarketabilityA+certificationmakesindividualsmoremarketabletopotentialemployers.A+certifiedemployeesalsomayreceiveahigherbasesalarybecauseemployerswon’thavetospendasmuchmoneyonvendor-specifictraining.ProvidesOpportunityforAdvancementMostraisesandadvancementsarebasedonperformance.A+certifiedemployeesworkfasterandmoreefficientlyandarethusmoreproductive.Themoreproductiveemployeesare,theStudy

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