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Fundamentals Of Criminal Investigation

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    Fundamentals of Criminal Investigation 1. Identif y and explain the six major objectives of criminal investigation. i. Document the scene , as soon as you see a criminal scene, write and photograph all of its elements ii. Recover evidence; collect the useful evidence from the scene, witness and/or criminal. iii. Maintain evidence integrity; preserve all the data like who collected the evidence, from where it was collected, how it was collected, and how many persons whom the evidence is handed since it was collects. iv. Securing the evidence , secure the evidence by packing, sealing and labeling it. v. Determine facts ; determine from where the evidence came, how it got there, and how it was used in the crime. vi. Separating the witness , the witnesses are very important in the investigation so they must not be allowed to talk with each other so accurate information may be gained and lies if any may be found. 2. What is deductive reasoning and how does it apply to criminal investigation Deductive reasoning is to create specific conclusions from a general hypothesis. It helps a lot in the investigation of a crime. You have a hypothesis about a certain class and you will apply that to all member of the class.

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    3. Identify and define the six different types of evidence. i. Physical evidences are those evidences which consist actual physical objects like damaged cars, smashed doors, broken glasses, etc. ii. Trace evidence is the small physical evidence which can be noticed only if you look carefully the crime scene. iii. Drug evidence is any evidence which contains drugs. iv. A fingerprint of the suspects from the crime scene is evidence which may be used to identify the criminal. . v. Videos evidence is CCTV video which might recorded the crime scene. vi. Document evidence which may contain any relative documents like letters, agreements, Identification, etc. 4. Explain the role of evidence in criminal investigation. The role of evidence in the criminal investigation cannot be denied. It may lead the investigation to the criminal. 5. Outline the first officer’s responsibilities when responding to a crime such as burglary. To visit the crime scene, Writes down the items theft, Search, pack and label the evidences, Document the statements of witnesses, Call for technical team, Secure the scene till team arrives.

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    6. Define the duties in a follow up investigation. In follow up investigation the duties are as follow: Constant interviews with the first respondent and other persons including suspects, Stick with the respondent and other such recourses, Deeply investigate the crime. Plan, organize, implements and trace and available sources to follow up the criminal. 7. Explain the role of field notes and what should be documented therein. Field notes not only enhance the memory of the investigator but these are useful to make a strong presentation before court. These field notes include events, time, suspects, evidences, etc. 8. What should be documented in the police report? The police report contains name of the victim of the crime, name of witnesses, classification of the crime, location and time of the crime. 9. Explain the purpose of a supplemental police report. The purpose of a supplementary police report is to help to collect of the information for the investigation of the crime. If more than one officers are working on the crime then each will write a supplementary police report. The primary police report is them made on the basis of such supplementary police reports. 10. Identify the different methods used to locate and process fingerprints as outlined in the text. The different methods of location and processing of fingerprints are: i. Using the lumalight,

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    ii. Super glue fumes for those fingerprints which are on sensitive places, iii. Standard dusting powder, iv. Magnetic dusting powder, v. Molybdenum disulphide vi. Ninhydrin spray 11. Identify the role of DNA data bases in criminal investigation. The DNA data helps to identify the person biologically. It is a sample of blood which tells the other characteristics of the person like sex, age, color, diseases, etc. 12. Identify the major steps in a criminal trial. The steps of criminal trial are: i. Arrest, ii. Booking process, iii. Bail. iv. Arraignment , v. Plea bargaining, vi. Preliminary hearing, vii. Pre trial motion, viii. Criminal trial. 13. Explain the jury selection process. A judge is always present to explain the principals and laws during the process of selection of jury. Twelve jury and in exceptional case sixteen jurors can be selected. The candidates are given

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