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World Regional Geography: Global Patterns, Local Lives Seventh Edition Test Bank

World Regional Geography: Global Patterns, Local Lives Seventh Edition Test Bank makes exam prep stress-free with clear explanations, revision notes, and test strategies.

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    E PILOGUES TEST BANK, 7e EPILOGUE 1: POLAR REGIONS INTRODUCTION Multiple Choice 1. Which change is NOT being experienced in the p olar r egions? A) climate change transforming areas once covered in ice into open ocean and land B) increasing trade and resource extraction C) shifting politics as nations compete for control of the region D) shrinking cities as energy resources are exhausted Ans: D Page: 659 – 660 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 2. New developments in the p olar regions are MOST likely to include : A) open pit copper mines and windmill farms . B) tourism and commercial farming . C) retirement communities and nuclear waste storage sites . D) reindeer farms and paper recycling plants . Ans: A Page: 659 – 660 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 3 . In the Arctic, the sun never sets for part of the summer, and never rises for part of the winter . A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 660 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Multiple Choice 4. Which statement is the BEST description of the physical landscape of the Arctic? A) L andforms are highly varied, centered on an ocean surrounded by coastal lowlands and a few mountain ranges . B) O nly two major river systems drain into the Arctic Ocean . C) W hile it is covered in ice caps, it is known for a having very little evidence of glacial erosion . D) I t holds roughly 90 percent of the world’s ice and 70 percent of its fresh water .

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    Ans: A Page: 6 60 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Understanding 5. Which factor does NOT describe the climate of the polar regions? A) bitter cold B) excessive moisture C) snow and ice D) lack of sunlight Ans: B Page: 660 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering Short Answer 6. This is a long, narrow inlet formed by glacial erosion . Ans: fjord Page: 660 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/ False 7. Antarctica holds roughly 90 percent of the world’s ice and 70 percent of its fresh water. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 660 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 8. Parts of the Arctic and Antarctic are classified as desert . A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 660 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering ENVIRONMENT Multiple Choice 9. Which effect is NOT a result of climate change in the Arctic? A) S ea ice has decreased by 8 percent in the past three decades . B) T he Arctic Ocean may be ice - free during summers by 2030 . C) I ce and snow are accumulating in western part of the Arctic .

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    D) P olar bears, walruses, and some seabirds are being challenged by these changes . Ans: C Page: 660 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Remembering Short Answer 10. This is the increase in the intensity of climate change at the poles . Ans: polar amplification Page: 661 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 11. Whales, seals, penguins, and fish feed on these tiny crustaceans, which are being reduced by rising ocean temperatures . Ans: krill Page: 661 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/ False 12. Climate change at the poles my result in decreased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as the permafrost thaws and polar oceans warm. A) True B) False Ans: B Page: 661 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Understanding GLOBALIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT Multiple Choice 13. Which effect is NOT likely to occur as a result of climate change on the natural resource development in the polar regions? A) M ining and energy operations will be better able to navigate polar oceans . B) M ining and energy operations will be able to build roads to areas that were previous inaccessible by car or truck . C) S mall - scale hunting and fishing operations will have to develop new techniques as temperatures warm . D) T he fishing industry will have to drastically increase its catches in the Southern Ocean to turn profits before climate change takes effect . Ans: D Page: 662 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Remembering

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    Short Answer 14. Many countries want to renegotiate this treaty, which currently bans all resource extraction in Antarctica. Ans: the Antarctica Treaty of 1959 Page: 662 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 15. Warming at the poles may bring more potential for economic development from large - scale operations like mining and energy. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 662 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering POWER AND POLITICS Multiple Choice 16. Which statement BEST describes the political issues in the polar regions? A) T he Arctic Council focuses on geopolitical and security issues . B) I n the Arctic, there are currently disputes between Canada, Denmark, Russia, and the United States over several islands and the surrounding seas to which UNCLOS would grant owner’s rights . C) T he Arctic has a long history of peace and there is little military presence . D) T he Antarctic has a long history of strategic and war - related activity and nations are expanding their military presence . Ans: B Page: 662 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering Short Answer 17. Eight states have territorial claims in the Arctic, and all are members of an intergovernmental forum known as the _____. Ans: Arctic Council Page: 662 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False

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    18. The Arctic Council is primarily focused on geopolitical and security issues. A) True B) False Ans: B Page: 663 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering URBANIZATION Multiple Choice 19. Which statement is NOT true of urban areas in the polar regions? A) U rban centers are few and far between in both the Arctic and Antarctic . C ) T he la rgest A r c tic cities are in decline because of changes in Russia’s economy . D) S maller Scandinavian cities are growing because of interest in resource extraction . E) The largest Arctic cities are in Russia . Ans: A Page: 663 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Understanding Short Answer 20. This city was created by the Russian Empire as an ice - free port that would enable Russia’s allies in W orld War I to supply it with military equipment. Its population has plummeted since the fall of the Soviet Union. Ans: Murmansk Page: 663 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 21. These settlements were set up by the central government of the USSR, in which prisoners were sent to state - run enterprises to provide labor. Ans: gulag camps Page: 663 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 22. Many indigenous people are moving to cities as their livelihoods have become more difficult because of climate change . A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 663 Difficulty Level: 1

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    Bloom’s Level: Remembering POPULATION AND GENDER Multiple Choice 23. Which statement is TRUE of the gender imbalance in the polar regions ? A) Arctic North America, Greenland, and Scandinavia generally have more women than they do men . B) Antarctica has many more women than they do men due to female dominance in the types of scientific disciplines practiced at the research stations there . C) I n almost every case, Arctic places have an above - average ratio of women to men with respect to national averages . D) T he gender imbalance in some indigenous communities is renewing efforts to make governments regulate the use of chemicals more carefully. Ans: B Page: 664 – 665 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering Short Answer 24. This is a process in which the concentration of toxins increases at successive levels of the food chain. Ans: biomagnification Page: 665 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 25. Population is declining in the Arctic overall, especially among indigenous populations because their childbirth rate is so low. A) True B) False Ans: B Page: 664 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 26 . Bioaccumulation of chemicals in fish act as endocrine disruptors when ingested by humans in large amounts ; they mimic human hormones that can switch the gender of a fetus from male to female. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 665 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering SOCIOCULTURAL ISSUES

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    Multiple Choice 27. Which statement is NOT true of indigenous populations in the polar regions? A) Missionaries considered most indigenous cultures in the polar regions to be more advanced than indigenous groups in other parts of the world . B) Climate change is threatening indigenous cultures . C) They have endured many unwelcome influences of national governments, corporations, tourists, and other outsiders . D) They have a long history of oppression and dehumanization . Ans: A Page: 665 – 666 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Understanding Short Answer 28. This policy was aimed at destroying Sami culture in Norway. Ans: Norwegianization Page: 666 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 29. Conservation efforts at the poles are being severely weakened, including conservation plans for polar bears and protecting wild salmon fishing. A) True B) False Ans: B Page: 666 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 30. The long history of oppression and dehumanization of indigenous people suggest that they will remain on a semi - impoverished periphery in the era of heightened interest in Arctic resources. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 666 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering EPILOGUE 2: SPACE INTRODUCTION

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    Multiple Choice 31. Wh at caused the end of missions for Salyut 7 ? A) I ts cameras stopped working, so it could not photograph phenomena on the surface of Earth . B) I t didn’t meet its expected contributions to oil and gas exploration, agriculture, Earth science, and mapping . C) H igher - than - expected discharges of solar particles from the Sun created solar wind drag, and it descended toward Earth, burning up in the atmosphere . D) T he cosmonauts ’ computer crashed, losing all records of their direct observations of Earth . Ans: C Page: 668 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Understanding Short Answer 32. This is the region of outer space closest to Earth, including the upper atmosphere and extending out 40,000 miles to the farthest reaches of Earth’s magnetic field. Ans: geospace Page: 668 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 33. _____ space exists between the Sun and planets of our solar system; _____ space exists between our solar system and others within our galaxy (the Milky Way). Ans: interplanetary; interstellar Page: 668 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 34. Outer space is central to our understanding of processes on Earth . A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 667 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Multiple Choice 35. The physical geography of outer space CANNOT be described as : A) intense ly cold , up to – 454  F ( – 270  C) . B) having extremely low pressure, approaching a perfect vacuum .

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    C) having heavy precipitation, including lightning and thunderstorms . D) having direct sunlight that creat es temperatures of up to 250  degrees F (121  C) . Ans: C Page: 669 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Remembering Short Answer 36. This made up of tiny charged particles emitted by the Sun that travel at millions of miles per hour and form a gaslike plasma that can conduct electricity and respond to magnetic fields . Ans: solar wind Page: 669 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 37. Tiny bits of rock, metal, and other solid material called _____ are a hazard in outer space, and are often created by collisions between larger objects. Ans: meteoroids Page: 669 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 38. Outer space approaches a perfect vacuum, which could suck all the air from a human being’s lungs, causing them to pass out within 15 seconds, and most likely die within 60 seconds. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 667 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering ENVIRONMENT Multiple Choice 39. Which example does NOT illustrate how satellites have been used to analyze natural and human - induced processes on Earth’s surface? A) estimating deforestation B) monitoring the likelihood of earthquakes C) monitoring oil spills and forest fires D) tracking processes related to climate change Ans: B Page: 669 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Remembering

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    40. Which statement is NOT true of the human - made satellites orbiting Earth? A) T hey bring hazards that are complicating further space use and exploration . B) A bout half of all satellites launched have been for military purposes . C) C ivilian commercial satellites have increased dramatically in the last few years . D) M any of them are located in geostationary orbit (GEO), posing great risk of becoming dangerous space junk . Ans: D Page: 669 - 670 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Remembering Short Answer 41. A (n) _____ is any object in space that orbits another object of greater mass, and when it no longer functions, it is considered _____ . Ans: satellite; space junk Page: 669 – 670 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 42. A global - scale “civilization killing” asteroid is predicted to hit the Earth once every 100 million years. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 670 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering GLOBALIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT Multiple Choice 43. W hich statement is TRUE of asteroid mining? A) A steroids contain some precious metals such as gold and platinum , but their value is likely not very significant. B) C ompanies plan to mine asteroids by setting up small mining communities on the asteroid itself . C ) S uccessful asteroid mining would likely create millions of mining jobs across Earth . D ) A steroid mining can supply space exploration missions given that some asteroids hold large amounts of water . Ans: D Page: 671 – 672 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Understanding

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    Short Answer 44. This country initiated the first major feasibility test of asteroid mining by landing a probe on an asteroid, taking samples, and returning to Earth with them. Ans: Japan Page: 671 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 45. Commercial activity is now expanding into the building and launching of rockets, as private companies now provide launch services at costs lower than those from government space programs. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 671 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering POWER AND POLITICS Multiple Choice 46. Which statement is NOT true of the militarization of outer space? A) N ational militaries have played a pivotal role in space exploration . B) A fter World War II , Japanese military scientists played key roles in both the U.S. and Soviet space programs . C) M uch of the hardware that makes space exploration possible was developed by national militaries . D) E very major military power on Earth now considers space - based technologies to be an essential part of warfare . Ans: B Page: 672 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Remembering Short Answer 47. This act was passed by the U.S. Congress in 2015, giving companies the rights to exploit any minerals or other nonliving resources they find in space . Ans: the Space Act of 2015 Page: 672 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 48. This treaty forbids nations from claiming territory in space, declaring that the exploration of all celestial objects “shall be carried out for the benefit and the interests of all countries and shall be the province of all mankind . ”

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    Ans: the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 Page: 672 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 49. Many argue that the Outer Space Treaty reduces the potential for armed conflict in space by preventing nations and corporations from making any broad territorial claims. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 672 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Understanding URBANIZATION Multiple Choice 50. Human settlements in space will NOT be hindered by: A) radiation and space debris . B) the effects of microgravity . C) huge temperature swings . D) intense hurricane - like storms . Ans: D Page: 673 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Remembering Short Answer 51. During the aftermath of this storm, remote sensing was used to map the exact location and depth of flooding, and help city planners understand why the city’s flood - protection systems had failed. Ans: Hurricane Katrina Page: 673 – 674 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 52. Despite extensive exercise regimes, humans regularly have declines in bone density, loss of muscle mass, and permanently impaired vision after visits to space. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 673 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering

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    POPULATION AND GENDER Multiple Choice 53. Which statement is TRUE of remote sensing and population issues? A) R emote sensing can only provide crude estimate of populations, thus it is not very useful. B) F ood security issues are difficult to measure because of seasonal changes in rainfall and temperature. C) S atellites can collect data on economic activity and income level based on the use of electricity at night. D) T here are virtually no health and disease applications of remote sensing yet. Ans: C Page: 674 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Understanding Short Answer 54. The gender gap in space exploration continues, in part because of the requirement of most space programs that astronauts have at least a bachelor’s degree in one of which four fields? Ans: STEM (science, technology, engineering, or mathematics) Page: 674 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 55. Based on studies of animals, it is nearly certain that humans can produce healthy populations in space. A) True B) False Ans: B Page: 674 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 56. The United States had a 20 - year ban on women in the space program based on the perception by NASA that women were unsuited to the stresses of spaceflight. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 674 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering SOCIOCULTURAL ISSUES Multiple Choice

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    57. Which statement is NOT an example of how the extension of human civilization into outer space could parallel European and American history? A) T he focus on asteroid mining mirrors the objectives of early Spanish colonialists, who came to the Americas seeking gold and other precious metals . B) T he exploration of space could bring new biological resources, similar to the exchange of food crops between Europe and the Americas . C) S pace - age humanity will fare similarly to indigenous American cultures who were treated with great respect, as their local knowledge was valuable to the colonizers. D ) R esources from space could provide the basis for a new age of technological advancement and higher living standards, much like the resources of the Americas fueled Europe’s Industrial Revolution . Ans: C Page: 675 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom’s Level: Understanding Short Answer 58. This is currently the most habitable extraterrestrial environment within reach . Ans: Mars Page: 675 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering True/False 59 . By 2016, scientists had confirmed the existence of 20 planets that have similar temperature ranges as those on Earth, and there may be as many as 40 billion habitable Earth - sized planets in the Milky Way galaxy. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 675 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering 60. The International Space Station (ISS) is the largest peacetime international collaboration in history, even earning a nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize. A) True B) False Ans: A Page: 675 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom’s Level: Remembering

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    CHAPTER 1: GEOGRAPHY: AN EXPLORATION OF CONNECTIONS TEST BANK, 7e INTRODUCTION Multiple Choice 1. Central to the study of geography are the questions ________ and ________. A) who; when B) why; how C) where; why D) how many; when Ans: C Page: 2 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom ’ s Level: Remembering 2. Which of the following is <i>not</i> an aspect of geographical analysis? A) spatial analysis B) multiple scales of analysis C) cartography D) lithography Ans: D Page s : 3 &ndash; 4 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom ’ s Level: Understanding 3 . Geography as a discipline links the _________________ with the _____________________. A) city; state B) physical sciences; social sciences C) study of biology; study of sociology D) people; government Ans: B Page: 3 Difficulty Level: 1 Bloom ’ s Level: Remembering 4 . Which of the following is <i>not</i> an example of a geographic inquiry? A) How did a group of people come to occupy a particular place? B) How have people modified the physical aspects of a place to suit their needs? C) How have people contributed to a particular environmental problem? D) All of the above are examples of geographical inquiry. Ans: D Page s : 3 &ndash; 4 Difficulty Level: 2 Bloom ’ s Level: Applying 5 . Which of the following refers to the relationship between the distances shown on the map and the actual distances on Earth ’ s surface? A) scale

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