Psychology Questions and Answers

Explain the difference between proactive interference and retroactive interference (psychology).

Which of the following is an example of operant conditioning? A. Giving a dog a treat after he sits on command. B. Teaching a dog to drool at the sound of a bell. C. Baby Albert fearing a white rat.

Which stage of sleep best fits the following scenario? Theta waves, sleep spindles, and K-complexes occur in this stage. A. REM B. Stage 1 C. Stage 2 D. Stage 3

Which of the following is an example of reaction formation? A. An individual denies their anger, stating they feel neutral toward the person they dislike. B. A person openly admits their anger and confronts the individual directly. C. An individual engages in avoidance behaviors, steering clear of anyone who reminds them of their anger. D. A person who has repressed anger toward a colleague acts overly friendly and helpful toward them, beyond what is typical.

Which of the following is an example of vicarious punishment? A) Laurie wants to receive a smiley sticker and she knows from reading the rulebook that she will receive one if she behaves herself. B) Job wants to avoid being fired, so he follows the shop rules and does not smoke in the bathroom. C) Jeong observes Bronwyn getting spanked for spitting out her carrots. Because he saw his friend punished, he does not spit out his carrots. D) Belinda saw Mavis receive a hug for cleaning his room. She is careful to clean her room because she saw Mavis get a reward for doing it.

Which of the following is an example of a case study? A. Asking all general psychology students to complete a mood survey for extra credit B. Asking all of the general psychology students to write in a journal before they go to sleep C. Observing the study habits of students in the library versus those of students in the cafeteria D. Assigning half the psychology students to computerized instruction and half to the traditional classroom E. Conducting a series of interviews over a year with a student who has an anxiety disorder

With special emphasis on Freudian slips, explain faux pas.

Which of the following is an example of social facilitation? A. A lack of preparedness motivates a novice, nervous speaker to perform better. B. People work together via computer networks. C. An athlete runs faster when running with other athletes than when running alone. D. A team achieves more together than they would have individually. E. People work less hard in teams than they would individually.

Which of the following is typically found to be a cause for elder abuse? A. Financial stress B. Lack of caregiver support C. Social isolation D. All of the above

Dr. Jones is conducting research to determine if IQ changes with age. The research design includes three groups of participants: Group 1 consists of 10-year-olds. Group 2 consists of 15-year-olds. Group 3 consists of 25-year-olds. Dr. Jones gives an IQ test to all three groups to determine the average IQ of each group. What is the design of the research?

The character John Burke sits in a chair all day because he: A. Wants Miss Lottie to do all of the work B. Has a mental disability C. Is ill and tired D. Is lazy

What is the main idea of the levels of processing theory?

Which of the statements below is NOT true about learning? A. Learning is a change in behavior that occurs with experience. B. Learning and memory work separately to process, retain, and make use of new information. C. Learning occurs when information moves to short-term from long-term memory. D. Learning involves acquiring new knowledge, skills, values, or behaviors.

Which is the ideal stage of moral development?

Which of the following best defines negative reinforcement? A. The taking away of an unpleasant stimulus to increase certain behavior or response. B. The adding of a pleasant stimulus to increase a certain behavior or response. C. The adding of an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a certain behavior or response. D. The taking away of a pleasant stimulus to decrease a certain behavior.

Which motivators are examples of extrinsic motivation? Select three options. A. Receiving good grades B. Paying discount prices C. Having a fear of spiders D. Falling in love E. Getting a reward

Classical and operant conditioning are forms of ________ learning.

Which is an example of a feral child?

What is an example of an absolute threshold in psychology?

How can poor physical health affect your social health?

Which of the following is an example of a dissociative fugue? A. A woman seems to have three distinct identities, each with its own characteristics. B. A man is able to discuss current events but cannot remember his past. C. A man wakes up to find himself paralyzed from the waist down, yet there is no medical cause. D. A woman suddenly disappears and wakes up three days later in a different city, unaware of how she got there.

"Insist on yourself; never imitate." – Ralph Waldo Emerson Which of the following phrases best defines conformity? A. Doing what’s expected B. Going against traditions C. Thinking for yourself D. Making your own decisions

What is the main idea of drive theory? A. Failure to achieve homeostasis results in poor cognition and deficits in memory and learning. B. Deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that then push us to behave. C. Achieving homeostasis requires increasing the metabolic rate. D. Deviations from commonly accepted drives result in an inability to satisfy physiological needs.

Can mute, voiceless people laugh or cry?

Which of the following illustrates conservation? A. Deirdre believes that five pennies have more value than two nickels but he doesn't know the value of either coin by itself. B. Rebekah recycles her glass bottles but not her cell phone batteries because she doesn't think they can be recycled. C. Joseph saves his energy by brushing his teeth in the shower but doesn't realize that he is wasting water that way. D. Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.

Which of the following statements are true regarding implicit bias? (Select all that apply) Implicit bias can impact our decisions and actions without our awareness. Implicit bias is typically more apparent in situations of mental fatigue, physical fatigue, high stress, and time pressure. Implicit bias is solely formed through classical conditioning. Implicit bias is also known as unconscious bias. Implicit bias is always negative and harmful. Implicit bias can create barriers and separation between coworkers.

Which of the following statements is the best definition of "stress"? A. Physical reactions to perceived danger B. Feelings of panic C. Worries about work or school D. Thoughts about personal problems

Which of the following is the best example of positive punishment? A. Taking away a fun toy B. Getting a ticket for speeding C. Providing a desired treat D. Taking away a desired treat

What are the 5 levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs in order of priority?

Which example might an individual experience in Erikson's initiative versus guilt stage? A. Pretends and tries out new roles B. May develop a superego or a conscience C. Thrives on his/her accomplishments and praise D. May develop his/her autonomy by making choices E. Fantasizes and imagines discovering the environment

Which of the following is the best example of cognitive dissonance? A. Deciding not to decide B. Agreeing verbally but disagreeing privately C. Making a decision and then regretting it D. Wishing you were someplace else when your family is fighting

What is a verbal security blanket? A. Words that bring comfort like love, laughter, chocolate, family, and peace. B. Words spoken by caregivers to preserve the dignity of the person with dementia. C. Words of generalities, comfort phrases, and pat answers when answering questions. D. Words or phrases like “I’m sorry,” that are used by the person with dementia to cover up mistakes.

Choose the theory that argues we experience physiological arousal and emotions at the same time but gives no attention to the role of thoughts or outward behavior. Select the best answer. A. Cannon-Bard theory B. Facial Feedback theory C. Schachter-Singer Two-Factor theory

Identify each scenario as an example of either an implicit attitude or an explicit attitude.

Which of the following is the best example of negative reinforcement? A. Jeremy's mom grounded him for not doing his homework. Now he rarely forgets to complete his assignments on time. B. Chase's mom spanked him for hitting his little brother. Chase now hits his brother less frequently. C. Chad's new teacher gives him a prize box toy for every five books that he reads. He now reads more frequently than he used to. D. Abby's mother constantly told her to water the plants in the lawn. She eventually complied and did what her mother wanted her to so that her mother doesn't tell her the same thing again.

Which of these MOST accurately describes Erikson's "initiative versus guilt" stage of development? The initiative versus guilt stage is the second stage in Erikson's theory. The initiative versus guilt stage involves the conflict between the child's growing skills and their feelings of not being as good at things as their peers. The initiative versus guilt stage involves the conflict between the child's desire to try new things independently and their remorse when they get things wrong. The initiative versus guilt stage, when successfully navigated, leads to a child feeling that the world is a place where they will have their needs met.

Adverse childhood experiences can have a lasting impact on: 1. Children 2. Persons Legally Responsible (PLR) for children 3. Mandated Reporters 4. All of the above

Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and ________. A. the operation of individual parts of the mind B. explaining the subconscious C. the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts D. understanding the id, ego, and superego

Which of the following best describes cognitive dissonance? A. When someone assigns a person to a category based on past experiences B. When someone responds negatively to an idea based on his or her beliefs C. When someone tries to change another person's opinion D. When someone's attitudes don't match his or her behavior

What is the main idea of levels of processing theory? A. Aerobic exercise promotes neurogenesis. B. If you want to remember a piece of information, you should think about it more deeply and link it to other information and memories to make it more meaningful. C. In order to remember information, you should build a web of retrieval cues to help you access material when you want to remember it. D. Overlearning can help prevent storage decay.