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The Official Digital SAT Study Guide (2023)

With The Official Digital SAT Study Guide (2023), you can test your knowledge and refine your exam strategy before the big day.

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    INCLUDES ! Vv SACI Tests © gn ls id +/ Additional Drills THE OFFICIAL : EE EN i PE SE a) : Digital SAT Study Guide = shin & > [wr > - i a Ny . oy = & = a W 3 i i RAD \ 4 . . & E cE Prepare for the digital SAT with sample questions, practice tests, and more. L 2 Study. i

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    Downloaded from StudyXY.com ® + StudyXY Sd Ye. o> \ | iF ’ pr E \ 3 S Stu dy Anything This ContentHas been Posted On StudyXY.com as supplementary learning material. StudyXY does not endrose any university, college or publisher. Allmaterials posted are under the liability of the contributors. wv 8) www.studyxy.com

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    The Official Digital Study Guide

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    ABOUT COLLEGE BOARD College Board is a mission-driven not-for-profit organization that connects students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, College Board was created to expand access to higher education. Today, the membership association is made up of over 6,000 of the world’s leading educational insti- tutions and is dedicated to promoting excellence and equity in education. Each year, College Board helps more than seven million students prepare for a successful transition to college through programs and services in college readiness and college success—including the SAT", the Advanced Placement” Program, and BigFuture®. The organization also serves the edu- cation community through research and advocacy on behalf of students, educators, and schools. For further information, visit collegeboard.org. Copies of this book are available from your bookseller or may be ordered from College Board Publications at store.collegeboard.org or by calling 800-323-7155. Editorial inquiries concerning this book should be submitted to sat.collegeboard.org/contact. This publication was written and edited by College Board. Primary authorship for this edition was by Jim Patterson and Dona Carling, with additional support from Sonia Wilson. Special thanks to Carolyn Lieberg, Sergio Frisoli, Jessica Marks, and Andrew Schwartz for contributions to prior editions. Cover and layout design: Joe Gagyi. Project manager: Linda Holbrook. Product owner: Nayoung Joe. Assistant editor: Samantha Herrera. Invaluable contributions and review from the College Board Assessment Design & Development team led by Sherral Miller, Laurie Moore, Jennifer Woodworth, and Nancy Burkholder. ©2023 College Board. College Board, Advanced Placement, AP, BigFuture, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of College Board. Bluebook, PSAT, Score Choice, Skills Insight, Student Search Service, and The Official Digital SAT Study Guide are trademarks owned by College Board. PSAT/NMSQT is a registered trademark of College Board and National Merit Scholarship Corporation. All other marks are the property of their respective owners. Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org Khan Academy is a registered trademark in the United States and other jurisdictions. ISBN-13:978-1-4573-1670-8 Printed in the United States of America 123456789 2322 Distributed by Macmillan Study

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    Dear Student, Congratulations on taking an important step toward preparing for the SAT". The Official Digital SAT Study Guide™ is a tool to help you practice for the latest version of the test. By investing in SAT practice, you're making a com- mitment to your college, career, and life success. As you start to familiarize yourself with the test, we're excited to share with you some of the many benefits it has to offer. The questions that make up the assessment are modeled on the work you're already doing in school. You'll recognize topics and ideas from your math, English language arts, science, history, and social studies classes. These questions are also aligned with the capabilities that research says matter most for college and career readiness. This means that by practicing for the SAT, you're reinforcing the knowl- edge and skills that will help you excel both in your coursework and in your future pursuits. The SAT is clearer than ever. The questions will not be tricky, nor will there be any obscure vocabulary or penalties for guessing. By being transparent about what is on the test and making preparation materials easily available, we're providing you the foundation for successful practice. The best source of information about the SAT is found right here in the pages of this book, and you've taken an important step by equipping yourself with these key facts. The SAT is just one component of the College Board commitment to increasing students’ access to and success in college and career. We have also partnered with colleges and universities to offer college application fee waivers to every income-eligible senior who takes the SAT (to learn more visit sat.org/fee-waivers). College Board wants you to succeed in your pur- suits, and defraying the cost of admission for eligible students is just one way that we can make it easier for you to reach your goals. Now that you have this great study guide as a tool, we encourage you to begin practicing today. Keep up the good work. gs Priscilla Rodriguez Senior Vice President, College Readiness Assessments College Board Study

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    Foreword The Official Digital SAT Study Guide is the latest in a series of SAT prepara- tion books put together by College Board, the makers of the test, to help you, the student, get ready to do your best work on the exam. In putting this volume together, the various authors and contributors had a single goal in mind: giving students such as you all the information and advice you need to do well on test day. To that end, we've put together detailed overviews of the digital SAT and its components, provided walk- throughs of the various question formats and types you'll encounter on the test, and created opportunities for you to engage in authentic test practice. The digital SAT itself has been crafted to give all students a fair, valid, and reliable way to demonstrate to colleges, career training programs, scholar- ship organizations, and others what they know and can do in reading and writing and in math. Designed and developed based on careful research and extensive input, including from students, the digital version of the SAT is easier to take, easier to give, more secure, and more relevant than ever before. The ultimate aim of the test is to give you the best possible opportu- nity to show what you know and can do, to stand out from your peers, and to be seen and recognized by the postsecondary institutions that interest you and that are a good match for your plans and capabilities. Although the single best preparation for the digital SAT is engaging actively in a set of challenging high school courses, we've created this book to help you understand and get comfortable with the specific ways in which the digital SAT assesses your achievement. Equipped with this information and having taken advantage of one or more of the many opportunities this book offers to evaluate and hone your skills and knowledge, you'll be able to test with full confidence. Jim Patterson, Ph.D. Co-lead author, The Official Digital SAT Study Guide College Board

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    Chapter 1 Introduction | PART 1 The Digital SAT Chapter 2 Getting to Know the Digital SAT 7 Chapter 3 Understanding and Using Your Digital SAT Scores 17 Chapter 4 What to Expect on Test Day 25 Chapter 5 Digital SAT Test-Taking Strategies 29 Chapter 6 Using This Book to Prepare for the Digital PSAT/NMSQT or PSAT 10 39 PART 2 The Reading and Writing Section Chapter 7 Reading and Writing: Overview 45 Chapter 8 Reading and Writing: Passages 53 Chapter 9 Reading and Writing: Informational Graphics 85 Chapter 10 Reading and Writing: Questions —Introduction 99 Chapter 11 Reading and Writing: Questions —Information and Ideas 101 Chapter 12 Reading and Writing: Questions —Information and Ideas Drills 19 Chapter 13 Reading and Writing: Questions — Craft and Structure 131 Chapter 14 Reading and Writing: Questions —Craft and Structure Drills 149 Chapter 15 Reading and Writing: Questions — Expression of Ideas 157 Chapter 16 Reading and Writing: Questions — Expression of Ideas Drills 169 Chapter 17 Reading and Writing: Questions — Standard English Conventions 177 Chapter 18 Reading and Writing: Questions — Standard English Conventions Drills 189 Study

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    PART 3 The Math Section Chapter 19 ~~ Math: Overview 197 Chapter 20 ~~ Math: Questions —Introduction 205 Chapter 21 Math: Questions —Algebra 207 Chapter 22 Math: Questions— Algebra Drills 219 Chapter 23 ~~ Math: Questions— Advanced Math 229 Chapter 24 ~~ Math: Questions — Advanced Math Drills 243 Chapter 256 Math: Questions — Problem-Solving and Data Analysis 253 Chapter 26 ~~ Math: Questions — Problem-Solving and Data Analysis Drills 271 Chapter 27 Math: Questions —Geometry and Trigonometry 281 Chapter 28 ~~ Math: Questions —Geometry and Trigonometry Drills 295 Chapter 29 Math: Student-Produced Response (SPR) Questions 305 Chapter 30 Calculator Options 309 Chapter 31 Math: Reference Sheet 313 PART 4 Practice Tests Introduction to the Practice Tests 317 SAT Practice Test #1 319 SAT Practice Test #1 Answer Explanations 353 SAT Practice Test #1 Scoring Guide 387 SAT Practice Test #2 393 SAT Practice Test #2 Answer Explanations 429 SAT Practice Test #2 Scoring Guide 467 SAT Practice Test #3 473 SAT Practice Test #3 Answer Explanations 507 SAT Practice Test #3 Scoring Guide 541 SAT Practice Test #4 547 SAT Practice Test #4 Answer Explanations 583 SAT Practice Test #4 Scoring Guide 623

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    CHAPTER 1 " Introduction The Official Digital SAT Study Guide is designed to give you the information and tools you'll need to do your best on the SAT, a college and career readiness assessment. This book has been crafted by College Board, the makers of the SAT, and provides authoritative test-taking advice as well as official sample test questions and practice tests developed by the same College Board staff members who produce the actual tests. By using this book as part of your preparation for test day, you can be confident that you have access to all the resources you need to succeed. A Word or Two about the Digital SAT Before we dive into the specifics of preparing for the digital SAT, let's make sure that you know a little about the SAT and what testing digitally means for you. The SAT is one, and the best known, of the tests in College Board's SAT Suite of Assessments. Along with the suite’s other tests—the PSAT/NMSQT®, PSAT™ 10, and PSAT™ 8/9—the SAT is designed to measure what research indicates are essential academic requirements for college and career readiness in reading and writing and in math. This means that the SAT is intended to measure the extent to which you've obtained the skills and knowledge needed to be ready to succeed in college and in workforce training. Because the SAT shares the same goal as your high school courses—preparing you for the next stage of your educational career—you should expect that the questions on the SAT will ask you to demonstrate the same sorts of skills and knowledge you use every day in your classes. Moreover, because the SAT provides valuable information about your readiness to succeed in college and career, the results are highly relevant to you. In addition, the score report for the SAT serves as an important gateway to additional college-planning resources, which can help you make informed decisions supportive of your post-high school aspirations. The SAT is designed to be an appropriately challenging test of your college and career readiness. The demands of college and workforce training programs are high, and the SAT must be similarly demanding.

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    At the same time, we've designed the SAT to be a fair test of what you know and can do. When test questions are challenging, it's because the content you're asked to work with, the questions you're posed, and the problems you're asked to solve require this level of understanding. The difficulty of SAT questions, in other words, comes from the sophistication of the skills and knowledge you're asked to demonstrate; by contrast, the wording of test passages and questions as well as the tasks you're presented with are meant to be as clear and comprehensible as possible. With appropriate familiarity with the test and its content, you'll be able to answer questions confidently and to the best of your ability. The Structure of This Book The Official Digital SAT Study Guide is divided into four parts. = Part 1: The Digital SAT provides an overview of the digital SAT test itself, the scores it yields (and what to do with them), and the test day experience (e.g., what to bring and not bring to the test center). We also present some general test-taking strategies, which complement those specific to the test sections found in later chapters. Part 1 concludes with a discussion of how to use this book to prepare for either the PSAT/NMSQT or PSAT 10, two other, highly similar tests that are part of the SAT Suite of Assessments. = Part 2: The Reading and Writing Section goes into depth on the features and elements of the literacy-focused section of the digital SAT. Part 2 begins with an overview of the test section. The next two chapters address Reading and Writing test passages and informational graphics in detail so you come away with a strong sense of the kinds of readings and graphics you'll be asked to engage with. After a brief introduction to the Reading and Writing section's four content domains—the categories into which we organize test questions by topic—we devote two chapters to each of these domains. The first chapter in each pair is a detailed look at the domain, including its purpose and focus and the kinds of questions you may encounter. The second chapter in each pair consists of drill questions in that domain. These questions are accompanied by answer explanations, so you can check your work. Our intent is for these drills to serve as immediate practice once you've read a given overview chapter. The number of drill questions varies somewhat by domain, and there's no real expectation that you answer these questions under timed conditions. Rather, our goal is just to get you familiar with the full range of questions you may encounter in each domain. = Part 3: The Math Section includes a section overview as well as pairs of chapters devoted to the test section's four content domains. These pairs consist of domain overviews followed by drills with answer explanations. Two additional chapters round out Part 3. The first offers further discussion of the student-produced response (SPR 2

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    CHAPTER 1 | Introduction question format, which requires you to generate and enter your A NOTE ABOUT THE own answers (rather than select from multiple-choice options). PRACTICE TESTS The second describes your test-day calculator options, including Most students will take the digital the built-in Desmos Graphing Calculator. SAT in Bluebook, a digital testing application downloaded onto an = Part 4: Practice Tests consists of a series of official digital SAT appropriate device. Because of practice tests accompanied by answer explanations and scoring this, we recommend that—unless guidelines. You may choose to use the paper versions of these tests you need to test on paper as an included in this book, or, preferably, you can follow the provided accommodation—you take the directions to test digitally—just as you will on test day and using practice tests in Bluebook. This the same digital test application, Bluebook™. If you do choose to will get you familiar with the full practice on paper, carefully read the introduction to this section testing experience, including the of the book so that you're fully aware of the differences between TY VAS Bluebook makes taking - _ the test easy and efficient. If you practicing on paper and digitally. choose to practice using the test forms included in this book, be sure w to read “Introduction to the Practice How to Use This Book Tests" in Part 4 for more information First and foremost, this is your book, so you should use it in the about how we've "adapted" the way that makes you feel most confident in your preparation. We do, digital testing experience for paper. however, have some suggestions, depending on how much time you have before you test. If you have two months or more to prepare, we recommend proceeding through this whole book. Read part 1 to get a clear sense of what the digital SAT is like, and then read parts 2 and 3 to become fully versed in how the Reading and Writing and Math sections of the test are put together. Answer the drill questions spread throughout parts 2 and 3 and use the provided answer explanations to assess your responses and identify areas of weakness to work on. Take a full-length practice test, either in Bluebook or in this book, under timed conditions to better understand how to pace yourself. Go through your answers and the provided explanations, figure out what you missed and got right, and identify skills and knowledge you need to brush up on and/or question formats and types you need more practice with. Visit Khan Academy? at khanacademy.org/digital-sat, the home for free Official Digital SAT Prep, to explore their resources, which include lessons and activities designed to assess and build your skills and knowledge. Take a second practice test to check for improvement and to identify any areas still needing work. If you have roughly one month to prepare, we still recommend doing all the above, though you may need to push a little to get through everything. If you must prioritize, pay particular attention to the chapters providing overviews of the digital SAT (chapter 2), the Reading and Writing section (chapter 7), and the Math section (chapter 19) to ensure that you're familiar with the key features of the test and its two sections. Take a full-length practice test under timed conditions and analyze your results. Identify the areas where you need the most improvement and use the resources in this book and/or on Khan Academy to address your most critical shortcomings.

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    The Digital SAT If you have a week or less before test day, you'll need to be strategic in your preparation. Focus on the overview chapters (chapters 2, 7, and 19) mentioned above so that you have the key test features firmly in mind. Take a full-length practice test under timed conditions so that you have a better idea of how the test is put together and how to pace yourself effectively. Analyze your results and look for one to two areas in Reading and Writing and in Math that you feel you could improve on quickly. Use the drill questions and answer explanations found in various chapters in parts 2 and 3 to gain some quick practice with question formats and types you're not confident on but may be able to master with a bit of effort. Some Additional Advice There's a lot of information in this book as well as many options for getting ready for the digital SAT. We strongly suggest that you begin your preparation for taking the SAT at least a couple of months ahead of your test date so that you can practice at a relatively leisurely pace and have enough time and energy to evaluate and, where needed, improve on your reading and writing and math skills and knowledge. Although we do recommend devoting effort to preparing for the digital SAT, we also want to reassure you that the questions you'll be asked are, in many respects, similar to those you'd encounter in challenging high school courses. Thus, the single best preparation you can undertake for the digital SAT is what you're already doing: actively engaging in your classes. The main purposes of specific preparation for the digital SAT are for you to (1) become comfortable with the kinds of questions we ask and how you're expected to respond and (2) learn to pace yourself during the test so that you have an opportunity to answer each question to the best of your ability. Most of all, remember: You can do this. a

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    The Digital SAT

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    CHAPTER 2 u Getting to Know PO the Digital SAT In this chapter, we provide an overview of the digital SAT. We NOTE begin with a high-level discussion of the key components of the Part 1 of this book focuses on the test, including its sections, timing, and number of questions. digital SAT in general terms. In Following that, we describe some of these features in more detail, parts 2 and 3, we cover the Reading with a focus on how you can use this information to better prepare and Writing section and the Math for test day. section, respectively; in depth, " including offering you opportunities to immediately practice with The Dig ital SAT at a Glance questions in each of the test's content domains, the categories we The digital SAT is composed of two sections: use to conceptually organize test = A Reading and Writing section, which measures your ability Questions bytple: to apply reading and writing skills and knowledge you've gained in your classes in English language arts and other subjects. = A Math section, which measures your ability to apply math skills and knowledge you've gained in your classes in math and in other subjects, such as science, where math is frequently used. Questions in both sections test the skills and knowledge you've learned in your classes and that our research has found are necessary for you to have to be ready to succeed in college courses. Table 1 summarizes key features of the digital SAT, while table 2 summarizes key features of each of the two test sections. These features are discussed in more detail below and throughout this book.

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    PART 1 he Digital SAT -— Table 1. Key Features of the Digital SAT Feature Digital SAT Administration Two-stage adaptive testing Number of questions 98 questions: 54 Reading and Writing 44 Math Time allotted 134 minutes 64 Reading and Writing 70 Math Scores reported Two section scores, each on a scale of 200-800: Reading and Writing Math A total score, which is the sum of the two section scores and is on a scale of 400-1600 —_— eh = Table 2. Key Features of the Digital SAT Sections —_———————— Reading and Feature Writing Section Math Section Administration Two-stage adaptive test Two-stage adaptive test design; each stage consists design; each stage consists of a module of questions of a module of questions Section composition Questions divided into Questions divided into two modules, each timed two modules, each timed separately separately Number of questions 1st module: 27 questions 1st module: 22 questions (including 2 unscored (including 2 unscored questions) questions) 2nd module: 27 questions 2nd module: 22 questions (including 2 unscored (including 2 unscored questions) questions) Time per module 1st module: 32 minutes 1st module: 35 minutes 2nd module: 32 minutes 2nd module: 35 minutes Total number of questions 54 questions 44 questions Total time allotted 64 minutes 70 minutes Average time per question 1.19 minutes 1.59 minutes Score reported Reading and Writing Math section score, on section score, on a a scale of 200-800 scale of 200-800 Question type(s) used Multiple-choice Multiple-choice (about Each question is 75% of the section) standalone (i.e., there Student-produced response are no question sets). (about 25% of the section) Each question is standalone (i.e, there are no question sets). 8 [+ studyx |

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