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Test Bank For Chemistry in Context, 8th Edition

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    Chapter 01 - The Air We Breathe (Testbank) Multiple Choice Questions 1. Of five major gaseous components of air, which is the only one to vary significantly in concentration from place to place and from day to day? A. water vapor B. carbon dioxide C. nitrogen D. argon 2. Which two gases make up more than 95% of an inhaled breath? A. NO 2 and N 2 B. CO 2 and O 2 C. O 2 and N 2 D. N 2 and Ar 3. What is the primary component of an exhaled breath? A. N 2 B. O 2 C. CO 2 D. H 2 O 4. Which component of the air makes up approximately 100 times more of an exhaled breath than of an inhaled breath? A. Ar B. O 2 C. O 3 D. CO 2

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    5. The ________ concentration in the air over the desert differs dramatically from that in the air in the tropical rainforest. A. N 2 B. O 2 C. CO 2 D. H 2 O 6. Which component of the air is an element? A. H 2 O B. NO 2 C. O 2 D. CO 2 7. Air is a(n) A. element. B. compound. C. mixture. D. pure substance. 8. Which substance is not considered to be an air pollutant? A. N 2 B. SO 2 C. NO 2 D. O 3 9. Ozone is considered an air pollutant in the ________ but is a valuable protective layer in the __________. A. troposphere; stratosphere B. stratosphere; mesosphere C. stratosphere; troposphere D. mesosphere; stratosphere

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    10. A particular sample of air is 2.5% water vapor. Express the concentration of water vapor in parts per million (ppm). A. 0.0000025 ppm B. 0.025 ppm C. 250 ppm D. 25000 ppm 11. The EPA limit for CO is 9 ppm. Express this number as a percentage. A. 90% B. 9% C. 0.09% D. 0.0009% 12. The quantity 0.0000064 g expressed in scientific notation is: A. 6.4 × 10 6 g B. 6.4 × 10¯ 6 g C. 6.4 × 10 7 g D. 6.4 × 10¯ 7 g 13. The quantity 8.7 × 10 5 g expressed in standard decimal notation is: A. 0.000087 g B. 870.000 g C. 0.0000087 g D. 870,000 g 14. Which pollutant is present in air as particulate matter? A. soot B. ozone C. sulfur dioxide D. carbon monoxide

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    15. What two factors are considered when determining the risk assessment for air pollutants? A. exposure and ppm B. percentage and ppm C. toxicity and percentage D. toxicity and exposure 16. When assessing the risk of an air pollutant, which does not play a role in considering someone's exposure to the pollutant? A. a person's lung capacity B. a person's breathing rate C. the toxicity of the pollutant D. the concentration in air of the pollutant 17. The burning of coal produces sulfur dioxide, SO 2 , a pollutant that slowly reacts in air to form SO 3 . Sulfur trioxide dissolves into airborne water droplets to form a very corrosive solution of sulfuric acid. Which is a product of burning coal that hastens the transformation of sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide? A. carbon dioxide B. carbon monoxide C. nitrogen dioxide D. particles of ash 18. All of these pollutants can be detected by their odors except: A. CO B. O 3 C. SO x D. NO x

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    19. Which pollutant are you more likely to encounter in dangerous concentrations indoors rather than outdoors? A. nitrogen dioxide B. carbon monoxide C. ozone D. sulfur dioxide 20. In general, which airborne material is not likely to be affected by the filters or indoor air handling equipment? A. particulates B. pollen C. soot D. carbon monoxide 21. Which color, as used in the Air Quality Index, warns that the level of a pollutant is hazardous, the most dangerous level? A. orange B. green C. yellow D. maroon 22. A substance that can be broken down into two or more simpler substances by chemical methods is called a(n) A. compound. B. mixture. C. element. D. isotope. 23. On a Periodic Table, the columns of elements with similar properties are A. periods. B. groups. C. rows. D. metals.

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    24. The most numerous of the elements are the A. metals. B. non metals. C. metalloids. D. noble gases. 25. Which is not a mixture? A. a jar filled with rocks and sand B. sea water C. a glass of Kool - Aid D. sodium chloride 26. Which is not a pure substance? A. helium B. copper wire C. air D. sucrose 27. Which squares contain mixtures? A. II and III only B. III and IV only C. I, III, and IV only D. I and IV only

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    28. Which square(s) contain(s) only an element? A. I only B. II only C. I and II only D. III and IV only 29. Which symbols represent only elements that are metals? A. X and Z B. X and Q C. P and L D. X, R, P, and Q 30. Which symbol(s) represent(s) elements in the noble gas family? A. X and Z B. P and L C. Q D. Y

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    31. Which differentiates a compound from a mixture of two or more elements? A. The elements in a compound may be present in varying proportions. B. A compound does not exhibit the individual properties of the elements of which it is composed. C. A compound is made up of only one element. D. A compound cannot be made up of more than two elements. 32. Which substance is an element? A. NO 2 B. NaCl C. N 2 D. CH 4 33. A(n) __________ is a fixed number of atoms held together by chemical bonds in a certain spatial arrangement. A. element B. ion C. molecule D. mixture 34. Which diagram(s) best represent(s) only diatomic molecules? A. I only B. II only C. I and II only D. II and IV only

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    35. Which diagram(s) best represent(s) only molecules? A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II only E. IV only 36. Which diagram(s) best represent(s) only individual atoms? A. I only B. II only C. III only D. IV only E. II and III only 37. Except in the case of hydrocarbons, when naming virtually all compounds made up of two elements, the second element mentioned A. ends in "ide." B. is preceded by "mono" (or occasionally "mon"). C. is always the more metallic element. D. is the one present in the greater number of atoms. 38. Based on its name, which carbon compound contains the fewest carbon atoms? A. ethanol B. methane C. chlorobutane D. propyl alcohol

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    39. P 2 O 5 is the chemical formula for A. pentoxygen diphosphide. B. diphosphorus pentoxide. C. dioxygen pentaphosphide. D. monophosphorus pentoxide. 40. The name of the compound formed by combining carbon atoms with oxygen atoms to form is A. carbon oxide. B. monocarbon dioxide. C. carbon dioxide. D. carbonate. 41. During a chemical reaction, A. atoms are rearranged. B. some atoms are destroyed and new ones are formed. C. some elements are destroyed and new ones are formed. D. the law of conservation of matter and mass may be briefly violated. 42. Choose the proper coefficients for each substance to balance this equation. ____ C 2 H 4 (g) + ____ O 2 (g) → ____ CO 2 (g) + ____ H 2 O (g) A. 1, 1, 2, 2 B. 1, 3, 2, 2 C. 2, 3, 4, 2 D. 2, 2, 4, 2 43. Choose the proper coefficients for each substance to yield a balanced equation. A. 1, 1, 1 B. 2, 1, 1 C. 2, 1, 2 D. 1, 1, 2

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    44. Which is the balanced chemical equation showing hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) decomposing into hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 )? A. H 2 O 2 → H 2 + O 2 B. H 2 + O 2 → H 2 O 2 C. 2 H 2 + O 2 → 2 H 2 O 2 D. 2 H 2 O 2 → 2 H 2 + O 2 45. Which is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of nitrogen (N 2 ) with oxygen (O 2 ) to form NO? A. 2 NO → N 2 + O 2 B. N 2 + O 2 → NO C. N 2 + O 2 → 2 NO D. NO → N 2 + O 2 46. Which shows the balanced equation for the reaction of nitrogen ( ), as it is normally found in our atmosphere, with oxygen ( ), as it is normally found in our atmosphere, to form nitrogen dioxide? A. B. C. D. 47. The two main products of the combustion of gasoline in an automobile engine are A. oxygen and carbon monoxide. B. sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. C. sulfur oxides and hydrogen. D. water and carbon dioxide.

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    48. Green chemistry is A. the study of how to improve the production of oxygen via photosynthesis. B. any chemistry having an agricultural base. C. the cause of the higher temperatures and humidity typically found in greenhouses. D. the design of products and processes that reduce hazardous substances. 49. Catalytic converters reduce the amount of ________ in car exhaust. A. O 3 B. CO 2 C. CO D. N 2 50. Ozone is a secondary pollutant. A secondary pollutant is A. not as hazardous as a primary pollutant. B. not produced directly but as the product of the interaction of two or more pollutants. C. one that is naturally present in our atmosphere. D. one that is less hazardous than a primary pollutant. 51. There are approximately 2 × 10 22 molecules and atoms in each breath we take and the concentration of CO in the air is approximately 9 parts per million. Approximately how many CO molecules are in each breath we take? 3 - 11 - 2013 A. 2 × 10 15 B. 1.8 × 10 17 C. 2 × 10 16 D. 2 × 10 29

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    52. Which of the following would be described as "fine particles"? A. SOx B. NOx C. O 3 D. 2.5 μm diameter soot 53. Which if the following is the chemical symbol for silver? A. Au B. Pb C. Ag D. Fe 54. Which of the following is a pure substance? A. Lemonade B. Concrete C. Gasoline D. Silver wire 55. The lowest (or closest to the ground) layer of our atmosphere is the A. troposphere. B. ozone layer. C. stratosphere. D. mesosphere. 56. Which is the following incorrectly represents a combustion reaction? A. CH 4 + 2 O 2 → CO 2 + 2 H 2 O B. S 8 + 8 O 2 → 8 SO 2 C. N 2 + 2 O 2 → 2 NO 2 D. C 3 H 8 + O 2 → 3 CO 2

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    57. Balance this equation P 4 + Cl 2 → PCl 5 with the smallest whole number coefficients. Choose the answer that is the sum of the coefficients. Do not forget coefficients of "one". A. 7 B. 9 C. 11 D. 13 E. 15 Check All That Apply Questions 58. Which of the following are examples of technological advances that have reduced air pollution? ____ Paint with reduced VOCs ____ Catalytic converters ____ Burning gasoline in leaf blowers ____ Low sulfur Diesel fuels Multiple Choice Questions 59. If 500 mL of air contains 2 x 10 22 particles (atoms and molecules), how many particles do you inhale in one day if you breathe 15000 L of air? A. 2 x 10 22 B. 6 x 10 26 C. 1.2 x 10 27 D. 5 x 10 24

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    60. If we assume that the top of Mt. Everest is the highest land mass on earth, hikers who scale its summit are standing in the A. mesosphere. B. stratosphere. C. troposphere. D. ozone layer. 61. Which square(s) contain(s) only one or more compounds? A. I only B. II only C. I and IV only D. II and III only 62. The chemical formula for nitrogen monoxide is: A. N 2 O B. NO C. NO 2 D. N 2 O 3 63. Which correctly pairs an indoor pollutant with its source? A. formaldehyde and unvented space heaters B. O 3 and electrical arcing C. radon and glues and solvents D. nicotine and paint and paint thinners

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