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Understanding Phase Changes - Document preview page 1

Understanding Phase Changes - Page 1

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Understanding Phase Changes

Explore how altitude affects water’s freezing, melting, and boiling points. Learn why cooking changes at high elevations and how pressure cookers help speed up cooking under high pressure.

Daniel Miller
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Understanding Phase Changes - Page 1 preview imageName: Julieta Aguilar Date: 3/21/23Student Exploration: Phase ChangesVocabulary:altitude, boil, boiling point, freeze, freezing point, gas, liquid, melt, melting point,phase, solidPrior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)1.A family from Minnesota turns off the heatandflies to Florida for a winter holiday. Whentheycome home, all of their water pipes have burst. What do you think happened?The water pipes froze, meaning the water expanded and the pipes burst.2.Spaghetti takes about 9 minutes to cook at sea level, but about 14 minutes in themountains. Why do you think this is so?As attitude increasesand atmosphere pressure decrease, the boiling point of waterdecreases.Gizmo Warm-upInthePhase ChangesGizmo, selectMicroviewandset theIcevolumeto 50 cm3. Notice the nitrogen {%), oxygen {$),and water {<') molecules.Click Flay {) and observe water molecules in the solid(ice),liquid(water), and gas {air) phases.1.In which phase(s) are the molecules held rigidlytogether? Solid - Ice2.In which phasefs) do the molecules move freely?Gas3.In which phase(s) are the molecules held in a defined shape? Solid - Ice4,In which phase(s) do the molecules take the shape of their container? Liquid and Gas' 2019 I >i- 1i-.ilUHIM':•II-.rr -,rl vr‘11
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Understanding Phase Changes - Page 2 preview imageGet the Gizmojeady :iActivity A:*Click Reset () and select Macro view.Phase changes*Set the Water temperature to 10 “C.Set the Ice volume to 0 cms._____k________Question: How i s temperature related to phase changes?1.Presict: Based on your prior knowledge, predict the following:A.At what temperature will water change from a liquid to a solid (freeze)? 0 degrees CB.At what temperature will water change from a solid to a liquid (melt)? 55 degrees CC.At what temperature will water change from a liquid to a gas (boil)? ICO degrees C2.Investigate: Use the Gizmo to explore phase changes. Use the Add/remove heat energyslider to control the water temperature. Record your observations in your notes, then answerthe questions below:A.At what temperature does water freeze 0 degrees CThis is the freezing point.B.At what temperature does ice melt? 0 degrees CThis is themelting pointC.At what temperature does water boil? 100 degrees CThis is theboiling point3.Observe: Set up the Gizmo to observe freezing. What do you notice about the temperaturewhile the water is in the process of freezing? Temperature goes down4.Explore: Use the Gizmo to investigate melting and boiling. Does the temperature changewhile either of these phase changes is occurring? The temperature goes up5.Interpret Select the GRAPH tab to see a graph of temperature vs. time. Click the" buttonuntil the whole graph i s visible. What does the graph look like during a phase change?As it gets hotter it exponentially goes up.6.Extend your thinking: Why do you think the temperature does not change much during aphase change? If possible, discuss your answer with your classmates and teacher.Since the energy involved in a phase change is used to break bonds, there is no increasesin the kinetic energies of the particles, and therefore no rise in temperature.1 ) 2 0 1 9 l >|H r-,i|r-i||i /A l l i;I •, rV’ir'l U f l '
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