Developmental Psychology - Psychosocial Development Age 17–45 | Art

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Study GuideDevelopmental Psychology–PsychosocialDevelopment: Age 17–451. Establishing a Career: Ages 22–331.1 Entering the WorkforceOne of the most important tasks for young adults, especially between ages22–33, isbuilding acareer. This usually starts incollege or trade school, where young adults gain the knowledge andskills they need for the workforce.During this time, it’s common for young adults toexplore different career optionsbefore settling intoone path. Choosing a career doesn’t mean they are locked in forever. Many people switch careersentirely, not just jobs within the same field. For example, a psychology professor might later decide tobecome a church pastor. Career paths can change as interests and priorities evolve.1.2 Balancing Work and FamilyAsdual-career marriagesbecome more common, balancing work and family life can be challenging.If one partner is unwilling to share responsibilities, the other may feel stressed trying tojuggle acareer, household chores, and raising children.Even though many couples aim for equal parenting, women still often carry theprimaryresponsibility for childcare. This can explain whymarried women with childrenare more likely toleave their jobs compared to single women or women without children.1.3 The Upside of Multiple RolesTaking on multiple roles—such as worker, spouse, and parent—can bestressful, but it can also berewarding. When these roles are well-managed and meaningful, they can lead to:•Higher self-esteem•Greater independence•A stronger sense of fulfillmentThe key is finding balance and quality in each role, which helps young adults feel successful both atwork and at home.

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Study Guide2. Starting a Family: Ages 33–452.1 Settling DownBetween ages33–45, young adults enter what Levinson calls theculminating phaseof earlyadulthood. This includes thesettling down stage(33–40), when many have alreadyestablished acareer and found a spouse. If they haven’t yet started a family, this is often the time when couplesdecide to have children.2.2 Parenthood and MarriageBecoming parents canstrengthen a marriage, but research shows thatmarital satisfaction oftendrops after the first child is born. This can happen because:•Daily routines and roles change•Family responsibilities increase•Finances may be strainedHowever, this doesn’t have to happen. Couples with astrong, positive relationshipwhoshareparenting duties equallyoften experience minimal stress and maintain marital happiness.2.3 Challenges of ParenthoodEven though parenthood brings joy, it also comes withbig responsibilities and time demands.Challenges include:•Accidental or unplanned pregnancies•Difficult or fussy children•Feeling a loss of personal opportunities, like continuing education or career progress•Especially for young women, the choice betweencareer ambitions and staying hometoraise children

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Study Guide2.4 Trends in Family PlanningMany people are nowpostponing marriage and children until their 30s. Waiting has advantages:•Both partners are moreemotionally mature•Relationships tend to be morestable, which helps handle parenting challengesNot all families follow the traditional model. Some examples ofnontraditional family unitsinclude:•Blended familiesor stepfamilies (children from previous marriages)•Single-parent families•Same-sex familiesSome couples also choose toremain childless. Research shows that having children doesn’tautomatically make a couple happier—the key ischoosing the lifestyle that fits their needs andgoals.Couples can learn more about family planning, birth control, conception, and other pregnancy optionsfrom organizations like:•Planned Parenthood Federation of America•National Right to Life Committee•National Abortion Rights Action League3. Independence: Ages 17–283.1 Early Adulthood and Psychosocial DevelopmentDuring early adulthood, people go through many changes inlifestyle and relationships. AccordingtoErikson, the main challenge at this stage isbalancing identity and intimacy.•Identity: Knowing who you are and what you want in life•Intimacy: Being able to share your life and yourself with another personThis balance is part of theintimacy versus isolationcrisis, where adults learn to commit to otherswithout losing themselves.

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